Abstract:Objective To investigate the types of immune-related cutaneous adverse events(cirAEs)induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)in oncology patients and explore corresponding management strategies.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 11 cases of ICI-induced cirAEs admitted to the Department of Dermatology,the Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University,between September 2021 and December 2022.The clinical manifestations,treatments,and prognoses were summarized.Results Among the 11 patients with drug eruptions,8 cases(72.7%)presented with morbilliform drug eruptions,while psoriasiform,vitiligo-like eruptions,and toxic epidermal necrolysis each accounted for 1 case(9.1%respectively).Pruritus was observed in 10 cases,and 1 case had no obvious subjective symptoms.Systemic corticosteroids were administered in 3 cases,while 8 cases received oral antihistamines combined with topical treatments including corticosteroids,calamine lotion,urea cream,or Kangfuxin liquid.All patients achieved clinical improvement.Conclusion The cirAEs induced by ICIs present with diverse erythra.Mild cases may affect patients'quality of life,while severe cases can be life-threatening.Early identification,timely intervention,and standardized management are crucial to improve patient outcomes.

Abstract:A case of basophilic follicular hamartoma is reported.A 41-year-old female patient presented with a painless subcutaneous mass on her back for half a year.Dermatological examination revealed a subcutaneous nodule about the size of a peanut,with a hard texture,protruding from the skin surface,clear boundaries,smooth surface,and no ulceration or exudation.Histopathological examination reveals that under light microscopy,the tumor is located in the dermis,presenting a lobulated pattern.The tumor cells are arranged in cord-like structures,with some connections between them.These cord-like structures are surrounded by basal cells,and the interstitium shows fibrous tissue hyperplasia.The cells exhibit no atypia,and no mitotic figures are observed.Immunohistochemical staining showed Bcl-2(weakly positive in a few cells),BerEP4(negative),low Ki67 index,and CD34(positive)in the stroma.Diagnosis:Basaloid follicular hamartoma.Complete excision was performed,and no recurrence was observed during 2 years of follow-up.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the impact of Mohs surgery excision depth on the therapeutic effect of nasal basal cell carcinoma(BCC)and provide a basis for optimizing surgical protocols.Methods A total of 507 patients with pathologically confirmed primary nasal BCC treated at the Department of Dermatology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,from December 2017 to January 2022,were enrolled.Patients were grouped according to tumor anatomical regions,and Mohs surgery was performed with excision depths adjusted to anatomical layers:periosteum in the nasion-nasal bone region,nasal cartilage in the upper lateral nasal cartilage region,and nasal mucosa in the alar cartilage region.Age,lesion location,gender distribution,complete resection rate,and recurrence rate were statistically analyzed.Results Among 507 patients,58.8%(298 cases)were over 60 years old,and the alar cartilage region(37.1%,188 cases)was the most common site.The primary resection rates were 97.6%in the nasion-nasal bone region,96.8%in the upper lateral nasal cartilage region,and 95.7%in the alar cartilage region.No recurrences were reported during follow-up.Conclusion Adjusting Mohs surgery excision depth according to tumor anatomical regions improves surgical outcomes for nasal BCC.

Abstract:Androgenetic alopecia is the most common hair loss disorder,with men accounting for approximately 80%of cases.Characterized by a long disease course and treatment cycle,it requires long-term intervention similar to diabetes and hypertension.Effective doctor-patient communication skills play a crucial role in reducing medical disputes and improving patient compliance.This article elaborates on communication techniques for male patients with androgenetic alopecia by addressing hot-button issues,including sexual dysfunction associated with finasteride tablets,the"excessive shedding"phenomenon,irritating symptoms,and hirsutism related to minoxidil.It also explores communication strategies such as maintaining respect and empathy,active listening,building trust,providing psychological support,offering multiple treatment options,encouraging patient participation in diagnosis and treatment,conducting regular follow-ups,delivering health education,promoting participation in communication skills training,and respecting patients'cultural backgrounds.

Abstract:Objective To collect and systematically analyze the medical records of Professor Liu Aimin in treating alopecia areata(AA)by traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),and to elucidate medication patterns and clinical experience using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Support System(TCMISS,V3.0).Methods Clinical data of AA patients treated in the Professor Liu's clinic(Department of Dermatology,Henan Provincial Hospital of TCM)between May 2022 and May 2024 by TCM were retrospectively analyzed.Data were imported into TCMISS and reviewed independently by two investigators.The frequency of prescribed herbs,their properties(four qi,five flavors),meridian tropism,and core herb combinations were analyzed by data mining methods such as frequency analysis,association rule analysis,and cluster analysis.Results A total of 160 TCM prescriptions involving 123 distinct herbs were identified.TCM herbs with the frequency of 25 times and above included Poria(Fú Líng),Bupleuri Radix(Chái Hú),Polygoni Multiflori Radix(HéShǒuWū),Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium(Chén Pí),Angelicae Sinensis Radix(Dāng Guī),Chuanxiong Rhizoma(ChuānXiōng),and Platycladi Cacumen(Cè Bǎi Yè).Tonifying herbs were the most frequently employed category.The four-qi distribution was dominated by warm-natured drugs(warm:cold=1.72:1).The five flavors were predominantly sweet,bitter,and pungent.The herbs mainly entered the Spleen,Stomach,Liver,Heart,and Kidney meridians.The leading syndrome patterns were dual deficiency of qi and blood,liver depression and blood stasis,spleen deficiency with dampness retention,liver-kidney insufficiency,and liver depression with spleen deficiency.High-confidence herb pairs included Bupleuri Radix-Poria,Poria-Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium,Poria-Polygoni Multiflori Radix,Bupleuri Radix-Polygoni Multiflori Radix,Bupleuri Radix-Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium,and Polygoni Multiflori Radix-Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium.Four core prescription clusters were ultimately extracted.Conclusion Professor Liu Aimin treats AA with the liver,spleen,and kidney as the pivotal viscera,regarding dual deficiency of qi and blood,liver depression with blood stasis,spleen deficiency with dampness retention,and liver-kidney insufficiency as the principal pathological mechanisms.The therapeutic strategy centers on augmenting qi and nourishing blood,soothing the liver and relieving constraint,invigorating blood and dispelling stasis,fortifying the spleen and eliminating dampness,and enriching the liver and kidney,with modifications tailored to individual presentations to address both root and branch.

Abstract:Autoimmune skin diseases refer to a group of dermatological disorders where immune system dysregulation leads to damage of self-skin tissues.Time-restricted eating(TRE),a novel dietary pattern proven effective for weight loss and metabolic health improvement,has seen limited exploration of its potential benefits in autoimmune skin diseases.Current evidence suggests that TRE alleviates lesion formation in autoimmune skin diseases by regulating circadian rhythms and inflammatory cytokine expression.Compared with traditional fasting models,TRE offers superior safety,compliance,and feasibility,making it a promising non-pharmacological approach for Chinese patients with autoimmune skin diseases.This review highlights TRE's potential as a scalable therapeutic strategy and provides insights for developing non-drug interventions in autoimmune dermatology.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of interleukin(IL)-17A inhibitors(secukinumab or ixekizumab)in treating erythrodermic psoriasis(EP).Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 9 EP patients treated in our hospital,summarizing the changes in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index(PASI)scores before and after IL-17A inhibitor therapy,as well as the occurrence of adverse events.Results At week 4 of IL-17A inhibitor treatment,1 patient achieved PASI 75,1 achieved PASI 90,and 3 achieved PASI 100 among the 9 EP patients.By week 8,1 patient had PASI 75 and 6 had PASI 100.At week 12,2 patients had PASI 75 and 6 had PASI 100.During treatment,only 1 patient experienced a mild upper respiratory infection with transient exacerbation of skin lesions,which resolved after symptomatic treatment.No severe adverse events occurred.Conclusion IL-17A inhibitors demonstrate rapid onset,significant efficacy,and high safety in treating erythrodermic psoriasis,with no severe adverse reactions.

Abstract:Vitiligo is a chronic skin disorder with incompletely understood pathogenesis,characterized by long treatment cycles,the efficacy varies greatly among individuals,and physical disfigurement that imposes substantial psychosocial stress on patients.Emerging evidence highlights the efficacy of psychological interventions in ameliorating vitiligo progression and improving patients'quality of life.This review synthesizes current understanding of how psychological factors influence vitiligo pathogenesis and explores psychological intervention strategies worthy of widespread clinical application.

Abstract:Objective To analyze the correlation between serum squamous cell carcinoma antigen(SCCA)levels and psoriasis vulgaris.Methods Basic clinical data and laboratory results were collected from 58 patients with psoriasis vulgaris,61 with atopic dermatitis,and 78 healthy controls.Differences in SCCA levels and other markers were compared among the three groups.Psoriasis patients were reassessed after 3 months of treatment to evaluate changes in SCCA and other parameters.Results Both psoriasis and atopic dermatitis groups exhibited significantly higher SCCA levels and a higher incidence of abnormal SCCA elevation than the healthy control group(P<0.05).Additionally,the psoriasis group showed higher rates of proteinuria(PRO),elevated carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA),and cytokeratin 19 fragment(CYFRA21-1)compared to controls(P<0.05).Following treatment,psoriasis patients demonstrated significant decreases in SCCA levels,white blood cell(WBC)count,and Psoriasis Area and Severity Index(PASI)scores,alongside increases in total protein(TP)and albumin(Alb)(P<0.05).Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed a significant positive association between PASI scores and SCCA levels.Conclusion Serum SCCA levels are elevated in both psoriasis vulgaris and atopic dermatitis,with a higher incidence of abnormal elevation compared to healthy individuals.PASI scores correlate positively with SCCA levels,and treatment of psoriasis leads to a significant reduction in SCCA levels.

Abstract:Objective To detect serum levels of soluble thymus and activation-regulated chemokine(sTARC)and squamous cell carcinoma antigen 2(SCCA2)in patients with atopic dermatitis(AD),and analyze their clinical significance.Methods A total of 148 AD patients treated in the Department of Dermatology and Venereology,Nanchong Hospital of Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University(Nanchong Central Hospital)from March 2022 to March 2024 were enrolled as the case group,with 100 healthy volunteers from the same hospital during the same period as the control group.Serum sTARC and SCCA2 levels were compared between the two groups,as well as before and after treatment in AD patients.AD patients were stratified into mild-to-moderate(n=106)and severe(n=42)groups according to the SCORAD index.Clinical data,sTARC,and serum SCCA2 levels were compared between groups.Logistic regression was used to analyze risk factors for AD severity,Pearson test to explore correlations between sTARC/SCCA2 levels and SCORAD scores,and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves to evaluate the predictive value of serum sTARC and SCCA2(alone and in combination)for severe AD.Result Compared with the control group,serum sTARC and SCCA2 levels were significantly higher in the case group(P<0.05).In the case group,sTARC and SCCA2 levels decreased significantly at 1,4,and 8 weeks after treatment compared with baseline(P<0.05).The severe group showed higher eosinophil percentage,SCORAD scores,sTARC,and SCCA2 levels than the mild-to-moderate group(P<0.05).High eosinophil percentage,high SCORAD score,high sTARC,and high SCCA2 were identified as risk factors for severe AD(P<0.05).Pearson analysis showed positive correlations between serum sTARC/SCCA2 levels and SCORAD scores(P<0.05).The combined detection of sTARC and SCCA2 achieved a sensitivity of 0.833 3,specificity of 0.754 9,and area under the curve(AUC)of 0.849 for predicting severe AD.Conclusion Serum sTARC and SCCA2 levels reflect AD progression,with their high expression associated with disease severity.Combined detection of sTARC and SCCA2 demonstrates high predictive value for severe AD.

Abstract:Alopecia is a common skin disorder with various classifications,such as androgenetic alopecia,alopecia areata and telogen effluvium.Each type presents its unique clinical manifestation,typically characterized by abnormal hair loss or excessive shedding,leading to hair thinning or complete scalp exposure.Currently,treatment options for alopecia are relatively limited,with topical minoxidil widely used in clinical practice for various types of hair loss.Recent studies have also highlighted the potential value of low-dose oral minoxidil in treating alopecia.This review summarizes the mechanisms of minoxidil in treating alopecia,as well as the efficacy,safety,and relevant factors of topical or oral minoxidil.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the correlation between serum interleukin-36(IL-36)and sphingosine-1-phosphate(S1P)levels and the severity of adult atopic dermatitis(AD),as well as their predictive value for AD severity.Methods A total of 117 AD patients(disease group)treated in the Department of Dermatology,Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University,from March to September 2024,and 100 age-and gender-matched healthy volunteers(healthy group)were enrolled.Serum IL-36 and S1P levels were compared between the disease and healthy groups,as well as between mild AD patients and moderate/severe AD patients.Point-biserial correlation analysis was used to assess the correlation between serum IL-36/S1P levels and AD severity,and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis was performed to evaluate the predictive value of IL-36 and S1P for AD severity.Results Serum IL-36 and S1P levels were significantly higher in the disease group than in the healthy group(P<0.05).The mild AD group had lower serum IL-36 and S1P levels than the moderate and severe AD groups(P<0.05),while no significant differences were found between the moderate and severe groups(P>0.05).Serum IL-36 and S1P levels showed significant positive correlations with moderate/severe AD(r=0.532,r=0.309,both P<0.05).ROC curve analysis revealed that the areas under the curve(AUC)for serum IL-36,S1P,and their combination in predicting AD severity were 0.815,0.694,and 0.882,respectively.The combined prediction showed better performance than single markers,with a sensitivity of 0.847 and specificity of 0.822.Conclusion Serum IL-36 and S1P levels are elevated in adult AD patients,particularly in moderate/severe cases.The combined detection of IL-36 and S1P demonstrates favorable predictive value for moderate/severe AD.

Abstract:Seborrheic dermatitis(SD) is a common, chronic, relapsing inflammatory skin disease affecting the seborrheic areas of the body. Despite the high prevalence, the pathogenesis of SD is not well understood. However, studies have identified several predisposing factors, including fungal colonization, sebaceous gland activity, immune response, skin barrier, as well as several factors that associated with individual susceptibility. Further insight into these factors will contribute to the prevention and treatment of SD.

Abstract:The skin barrier constitutes by the hydro-lipid film and a "brick-wall" structure. The abnormal skin barrier structure and function is associated with the etiology and the pathological process of a variety of skin diseases. The skin barrier function can be evaluated by many kinds of noninvasive detection methods.