Abstract:Parathyroid hormone(PTH),as a key hormone involved in maintaining calcium and phosphorus homeostasis in the body,plays an important role in bone remodeling through the mediation of various bioactive substances.Intermittent administration of PTH can regulate the dynamic balance of bone metabolism,promote bone mass increase,and repair bone defects.In recent years,both basic medical research and some clinical reports have shown that bioactive peptides such as PTH have shown high application value in the field of oral craniofacial bone regeneration.Its mechanism of promoting callus maturation and accelerating bone healing has become a hot topic in tissue engineering research.This review aims to systematically introduce the research progress of parathyroid hormone and related peptides in the treatment of jaw diseases(such as osteonecrosis,bone defects,fractures,implant osseointegration,etc.),providing new ideas and methods for the clinical treatment of jaw-related diseases.

Abstract:The teaching model utilizing virtual standardized patients(VSP),designed to enhance core competencies and aligned with the development of virtual digital diagnosis and treatment platforms,has been increasingly adopted in the instruction of oral mucosal diseases.VSP can concretize teaching cases,systematize teaching methods,and enhance the intelligence of teaching interactions,offering significant advantages in stimulating students'learning interest and cultivating diagnostic and therapeutic competencies.Oral mucosal diseases are characterized by a high reliance on the fidelity of clinical scenario reconstruction and broad coverage of disease types.As an emerging teaching technology,VSP still have areas that need to be optimized urgently.For example,there is room for improvement in the alignment between the case library and teaching priorities,the intelligence of clinical scenario simulation,the simulation of training models,and the challenge level of VSP operations.At the same time,a scientific standardized teaching evaluation system should be developed,focusing on personalized teaching services,and online VSP cases should be configured for self-directed learning.This article analyzes the pain points of virtual standardized patients in oral mucosal disease teaching based on real teaching scenarios,and proposes feasible and promotable coping strategies.Drawing upon successful experiences from related disciplines in VSP teaching,this paper examines students'perceptions of VSP applications in oral mucosal disease instruction and proposes targeted strategies and recommendations for enhancing the VSP-based teaching system in this field.

Abstract:Objective To evaluate the clinical value of a personalized adjustable mandibular advancement device(MAD)in elderly patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS).Methods Sixty elderly OSAHS patients who attended the Department of Stomatology,Air Force Medical Center between May 2023 and November 2024 were enrolled and randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group,with 30 cases in each group.The control group received a conventional MAD,whereas the trial group received a customized adjustable MAD.Data on the lowest oxygen saturation(LSaO2),the proportion of time with blood oxygen saturation<90%(T90%),apnea index(AI),apnea hypopnea index(AHI),Epworth sleepiness scale(ESS),and Quebec sleep questionnaire(QSQ)were collected before and after treatment for both groups.The therapeutic effects and adverse reactions were also recorded.Results After treatment,both groups exhibited higher LSaO2 and QSQ scores and lower T90%,AI,AHI,and ESS scores than at baseline(P<0.05).Moreover,the trial group showed significantly greater improvements in LSaO2 and QSQ and larger reductions in T90%,AI,AHI,and ESS compared with the control group(P<0.05).The overall effective rate in the trial group was higher than that in the control group(90.00%vs 63.33%,P=0.015).No significant inter-group difference was observed in the overall incidence of adverse events(P>0.05).Conclusion The customized adjustable MAD markedly ameliorates nocturnal hypoxia and respiratory events,relieves daytime sleepiness,and improves quality of life in OSAHS patients,offering reliable efficacy with acceptable safety.

Abstract:Objective To explore the application effect of the mobile health platform combined with the feedback method education model on elderly patients wearing removable partial dentures.Methods Using consecutive sampling,60 older adults with RPDs who attended Hebei Medical University Stomatological Hospital from January to December 2023 were randomly allocated to a control group(n=30)or an intervention group(n=30).The control group received routine health education.The intervention group received health education via an mHealth platform combined with the teach-back method once every two weeks for 3 months.The scores of the oral health behavior scale and the oral health impact profile(OHIP-14)scale of the two groups of subjects before and after the intervention were compared,as well as the rate of adjustment of removable partial dentures after the intervention.Results At baseline,there were no significant between-group differences in Oral Health Behavior Scale or OHIP-14 scores(P>0.05).After 3 months,the intervention group showed a significantly higher Oral Health Behavior Scale score than the control group(21.9±2.0 vs 16.8±2.1,P<0.05).The intervention group had significantly lower OHIP-14 scores(20.8±5.9 vs 29.5±7.6,P<0.05)and a lower rate of post-insertion RPD adjustments(10.0%vs 33.3%,P<0.05)compared with the control group.Conclusion This intervention model can effectively promote improved oral health behaviors among elderly patients,thereby enhancing their oral health status and overall quality of life.

Abstract:Objective To explore the impact and underlying mechanisms of cognitive function on the assessment of oral health-related quality of life(OHRQoL)among elderly stroke patients.Methods A cross-sectional study design was adopted.From October 2015 to January 2020,247 elderly stroke patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited from the outpatient departments of Xuanwu Hospital,Tiantan Hospital,Xihongmen Hospital in Daxing District,and Beijing Stomatological Hospital using the convenience sampling method.According to the scores of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale,they were divided into 111 cases with moderate to severe cognitive impairment(≤20 points),95 cases with mild cognitive impairment(21-25 points),and 41 cases with normal cognitive function(≥26 points).The Oral Health Impact Profile-14(OHIP-14)was used to assess the oral health-related quality of life(OHRQoL),and standardized oral clinical examinations and cognitive function tests related to oral conditions were conducted.The differences between different cognitive function groups were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test,and a structural equation model was constructed for path analysis.Results The moderate-to-severe cognitive impairment group showed significantly lower scores in the"Pain and Discomfort"dimension and the total OHIP-14 scores compared to the mild cognitive impairment group(P<0.05).Path analysis indicated that cognitive function indirectly affects the assessment of OHRQoL through the complete mediating effect of oral health awareness.Conclusion Elderly stroke patients with moderate-to-severe cognitive impairment may inaccurately assess their OHRQoL due to diminished awareness of their oral health status.

Abstract:Objective To develop and test the reliability and validity of the"Knowledge,Attitude and Practice Scale for Home Caregivers to Prevent Oral Weakness in the Elderly".Methods Based on the knowledge-attitude-practice(KAP)theory and literature review,and after discussion within the research team,a pool of items for the KAP scale on preventing oral frailty in the elderly among home caregivers was formed.Then,referring to the results of expert consultation and pre-survey,the initial version of the scale was completed.From April to August 2023,192 home caregivers of the elderly who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria in a certain military unit were selected through convenience sampling for the investigation to verify the reliability and validity of the scale.Results The scale contains 32 items covering three dimensions.The overall Cronbach's α coefficient of the scale was 0.877;the test-retest reliability was 0.872;for the Content Validity Index(CVI),the item-level CVI(I-CVI)for each item ranged from 0.8 to 1.000,and the scale-level CVI(S-CVI)was 0.968.It can be seen that all items have good performance in representativeness and effectiveness.Construct-based validity:The results of line exploratory factor analysis(EFA)showed that the KMO value was 0.831,Cumulative variance contribution rate was 61.801%.A total of 195 questionnaires were distributed and 192 were recovered,which met the standard and showed an effective recovery rate of 98.5%.The questionnaire filling time for survey respondents is generally controlled within 15 minutes,which is highly recognized among the survey respondents.Conclusion The knowledge attitude and practice scale designed in this study demonstrated good validity and reliability,and is valuable for assessing the degree of knowledge,attitude and practice of home caregivers in preventing oral frailty in the elderly.

Abstract:Objective This study aimeds to develop a predictive model for frailty in elderly patients with oral diseases based on the World Health Organization(WHO)oral health standards and baseline admission data.The model is intended to support the early recognition of high-risk populations in clinical settings and facilitate timely intervention strategies.Methods A total of 302 elderly patients with oral diseases who attended the Department of Stomatology at the Second People's Hospital of Jintang County between June 2021 and June 2024 were included in the study.The Fried frailty phenotype was utilized to evaluate their frailty status.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify independent predictors and develop a predictive model.Results Compared with the non-frail group,the pre-frail/frail group showed higher heart rate,proportion of heart failure,white blood cell count,prevalence of oral and maxillofacial pain,and oral dysfunction,but lower rates of dyslipidemia and hemoglobin levels(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that higher heart rate(OR=1.032,95%CI:1.019-1.044,P<0.001),heart failure(OR=2.340,95%CI:1.403-3.904,P=0.001),elevated white blood cell count(OR=1.031,95%CI:1.002-1.061,P=0.035),orofacial pain(OR=1.818,95%CI:1.022-3.234,P=0.042),and oral functional impairment(OR=2.565,95%CI:1.436-4.582,P=0.001)were significantly associated with frailty in elderly patients with oral diseases.The area under the curve of the constructed model was 0.741,indicating good predictive performance.Calibration and decision curve analyses demonstrated favorable clinical utility.Conclusion The proposed model may facilitate early identification of elderly oral disease patients at high risk of frailty and provide a basis for tailored interventions.Further validation in external populations is warranted.

Abstract:Nanotechnology by precisely regulating the interface properties of materials and biological responses,offers innovative solutions to the core challenges in orthodontics,including frictional resistance control,prevention of enamel demineralization,and improvement of anchorage stability.Research has confirmed that nano-coating technology significantly optimizes the mechanical performance of the archwire-bracket interface;smart adhesive systems enhance mechanical strength while conferring active antibacterial functionality;surface modifications of functionalized anchorage miniscrews effectively promote osseointegration and metabolic balance modulation;and antimicrobial nanomaterials synergize with biosensor technology to achieve dynamic prevention and control of complications.Furthermore,the combined application of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound and nanoparticles accelerates tooth movement,while magnetic nanorobot technology offers a novel paradigm for targeted bone remodeling.This article proposes a"nano-bio-digital"tripartite clinical translation pathway,emphasizing the necessity of interdisciplinary collaboration to overcome bottlenecks in biosafety and standardization,thereby propelling orthodontic diagnostics and treatment towards intelligent and precise advancement.

Abstract:Objective To investigate whether corynoline enhances the migration and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)through the regulation of macrophage polarization.Methods The CCK-8 assay was employed to determine the optimal experimental concentration of corynoline.RAW264.7 cells were induced with lipopolysaccharide(LPS)to polarize into the M1 phenotype.The study included a control group(0 μmol/L)and three experimental groups treated with low,medium,and high concentrations of corydaline(1,4,and 8 μmol/L,respectively).The expression of inflammation-related indicators was determined by flow cytometry,immunofluorescence,qRT-PCR and Western blot.The reactive oxygen species(ROS)experiment was used to detect the changes in ROS content.Cell scratch experiments were conducted in the scratch-control group,scratch-Cor group,scratch-LPS group,and scratch-LPS+Cor group to observe the cell migration in each group.Osteogenic differentiation was detected in the osteogenesis-control group,osteogenesis-Cor group,osteogenesis-LPS group and osteogenesis-LPS+Cor group to observe the content of alkaline phosphatase(ALP).Results Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence detection showed that the expression of CD86 gradually decreased in the control group,low-concentration group,medium-concentration group and high-concentration group,while the expression of CD206 gradually increased.qRT-PCR detection and Western blot detection showed that the expressions of M1-related genes tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1 were gradually down-regulated in the control group,low-concentration group,medium-concentration group and high-concentration group,while the expressions of M2-related genes arginase 1 and interleukin-10 were gradually up-regulated.Moreover,compared with the control group,the changes of M1 down-regulation and M2 up-regulation in the high-concentration group were the most significant(P<0.01).The ROS experiment showed that the fluorescence intensity of DCFH-DA in cells gradually decreased in the low-concentration group,medium-concentration group and high-concentration group,with the most significant decrease in the high-concentration group(P<0.001).The cell scratch assay showed that the cell migration rates of the scratch-LPS+Cor group,the scratch-LPS group,the scratch-Cor group,and the scratch-control group decreased successively.ALP staining and quantitative analysis showed that at 14 days of osteogenic culture,the ALP activity in the osteogenesis-LPS+Cor group was significantly higher than that in the osteogenesis-LPS group,the osteogenesis-Cor group,and the osteogenesis-control group(P<0.001).Conclusion A high concentration(8 μmol/L)of corynoline effectively inhibits the polarization of RAW264.7 cells toward the M1 phenotype,promotes their differentiation into the M2 phenotype,and significantly enhances the mediation of RAW264.7 cell polarization to facilitate BMSC migration and osteogenic differentiation.These findings provide a novel insight into the anti-inflammatory mechanism of corynoline and its potential therapeutic application in bone injury-related diseases.

Abstract:As one of the common diseases in the oral and maxillofacial region,cystic lesions of the jaw are characterized by strong insidiousness,a tendency to cause local bone destruction,and functional impairment.Although traditional imaging methods such as panoramic radiographs and cone-beam CT can provide information on the morphology and range of the lesion,they have limitations in the differential diagnosis of different lesion types,especially for lesions with similar imaging features such as odontogenic keratocysts and ameloblastomas,the misdiagnosis rate is relatively high.By introducing artificial intelligence(AI)technology into the imaging diagnosis of jaw cystic lesions in recent years,current studies focus on three main directions:object detection,image classification,and image segmentation.The YOLO(You Only Look Once)series models have demonstrated high accuracy in lesion detection and early screening.Convolutional neural networks(CNNs)and their variants have achieved levels of performance in lesion classification that are close to or even better than those of manual diagnosis.Meanwhile,U-Net and its derivative models have shown significant advantages in lesion segmentation and quantification of lesion extent.Additionally,emerging architectures such as visual Transformers offer new ideas for further enhancing diagnostic performance.

Abstract:The elderly population demonstrates substantial multi-dimensional vulnerability in the domain of oral health.The dynamic evolution mechanism of this issue,influenced by both policy interventions and intrinsic demands,has emerged as a central focus for health governance within an aging society.Now,in response to the research gap and problem-oriented nature of the vulnerability of oral health in the elderly,this study takes the three core issues that are most prominent in this field as the logical starting point.An effort is made to construct an"issue-target-path"analytical framework and propose a systematic research paradigm encompassing"motivation-phenomenon-control measures."By elucidating the internal operating mechanism underlying the vulnerability of oral health in the elderly,this work provides a theoretical foundation and policy implications for enhancing the intervention practices aimed at improving oral health in the elderly population.To this end,in the future,it is imperative to focus on addressing both external shocks and internal deficiencies.Key indicators should be systematically identified,and the vulnerability of oral health among the elderly should be dynamically mitigated through multi-dimensional coordination.Additionally,innovative exploration pathways must be developed to effectively support the strategic goal of achieving"healthy aging."

Abstract:Low-level laser therapy(LLLT)modulates the function of biological tissues through the mechanism of photobiomodulation.In several studies,LLLT has demonstrated positive effects on periodontal tissue remodeling during orthodontic tooth movement,such as reducing inflammation,promoting cell proliferation and migration,enhancing the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells,accelerating alveolar bone remodeling and tooth movement,and reducing root resorption during orthodontic treatment.However,current research findings remain inconsistent,possibly due to variations in experimental design,laser parameters,treatment frequency,and other factors.Future studies should focus on further optimizing the parameters of low-level laser therapy(LLLT),thoroughly investigating its underlying mechanisms of action,and conducting additional clinical trials to establish its efficacy and safety.This paper examines the potential role of LLLT in periodontal tissue remodeling during orthodontic tooth movement.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the application effectiveness of the GLTC doctor-patient communication model integrated with scenario-based teaching in the standardized training program for general dentistry.Methods Thirty-six residents from the Geriatric Department of Stomatology,the First Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital,were selected to participate in the GLTC doctor-patient communication model course from 2021 to 2023.A scenario-based teaching method was designed.The oral SEGUE communication skills scale and questionnaires for both students and patients were used to evaluate the communication skills and effects before and after the course.Results The post-training evaluation scores for information collection,information provision,understanding of patients,and the overall score on the medical communication skills scale for standardized residents were significantly higher than pre-training scores(P＜0.05).Similarly,self-evaluation scores for physician kindness,listening skills,communication skills,and cooperation also showed significant improvement after training(P＜0.05).Additionally,the score on the patient doctor relationship questionnaire 9-item version scale increased significantly following the training program[(40.22±3.71)vs(28.08±5.15),P＜0.05].Conclusion Introducing the GLTC doctor-patient communication model into the general dental residency training education and formulating and implementing relevant courses through scenario teaching methods can effectively improve the doctor-patient communication skills of the residents,thereby further enhancing the quality of clinical diagnosis and treatment,which has important positive significance in the general dental residency training education.

Abstract:Objective To analyze the correlation between dentition loss and chronic pain in middle-aged and elderly people in China,and to provide a reference for oral health care and and chronic pain control for patients with tooth loss.Methods Based on data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study conducted in 2015 and 2020,this study analyzed the incidence of chronic pain among 850 middle-aged and elderly individuals aged 45 years and older,stratified by their tooth loss status.Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the association between factors related to dentition loss and chronic pain,and to explore the relationship between dentition loss and chronic pain in different subgroups.The relative contribution of multiple variables to chronic pain was evaluated using the XGBoost model,and the model was analyzed in detail through the SHAP(Shapley Additive Explanations)method.The mediating effect between dental loss and chronic pain was analyzed in terms of uric acid level,BMI and depression score.Results Among middle-aged and elderly individuals aged 45 years and older,the incidence of chronic pain was higher in those with complete tooth loss compared to those without complete tooth loss.The P values of the interaction between multiple related factors of dentition loss and chronic pain were all＞0.05,and the associated effects were not statistically significant.The ranking of the importance of SHAP features shows that dentition loss has a high contribution to the prediction of chronic pain.The absolute value of the average SHAP value is 0.0101.The SHAP dependence plot shows that the presence of dentition loss will increase the prediction probability of chronic pain.Uric acid levels showed a mediating role in dentition loss and chronic pain.The total effect was 0.076(95%CI:0.017-0.134,P=0.012),the direct effect was 0.07(95%CI:0.01-0.129,P=0.016),and the indirect effect was 0.006(95%CI:0.000-0.013,P=0.024),the mediating effect accounted for 7%of the total effect,and BMI and depression score did not reflect the mediating role.Conclusion There is a correlation between dentition loss and chronic pain.Patients with dentition loss have a higher probability of developing chronic pain than those without dentition loss.Uric acid shows a mediating effect between dentition loss and chronic pain.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the comorbidity of periodontitis and tooth loss,examines its potential association with accelerated biological aging,and discusses preventive strategies aimed at mitigating age-related decline from the perspective of oral health.Methods A total of 2,842 individuals aged 60 years and older were selected as study participants based on cross-sectional data from the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES)conducted between 2009 and 2014.The prevalence of periodontitis and tooth loss was assessed using oral examination data.Two biological aging markers were computed from blood biochemical test results:phenotypic age,calculated using the Levine method,and biological age,derived via the Klemera-Doubal method.Data on relevant covariates were collected through questionnaire interviews and physical examinations.logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the relationship between periodontitis,tooth loss and accelerated biological aging,and interaction tests were used to investigate the synergistic harmful effects of periodontitis and tooth loss on biological aging.Results The detection rate of periodontitis,tooth loss and comorbidities was 63.9%87.6%and 58.8%respectively.The analysis found that there was no correlation between mild periodontitis and the two biological aging indicators,while moderate and severe periodontitis was significantly associated with accelerated biological aging(P＜0.05),and the heavier the degree of periodontitis,the greater the risk of accelerated biological aging.There was always a significant correlation between tooth loss and phenotypic age acceleration(P＜0.05),whereas biological aging was observed only in the population group of more severe tooth loss(number of tooth lost＞8,OR=1.55,95%CI:1.02～2.36,P=0.042).The phenoage acceleration(95%CI:1.18～2.51,P=0.005),biological age acceleration(95%CI:1.09～2.45,P=0.020)were 1.72 times and 1.63 times higher than those of oral health population.Moreover,there was an interaction between periodontitis and tooth loss(P interaction＜0.05).In the population with periodontitis,the number of tooth loss further increased the risk of accelerated biological aging(P＜0.05).Conclusion This study confirmed the association between periodontitis and tooth loss and accelerated biological aging,suggesting that maintaining periodontal health in elderly people can be used as a personalized prevention and treatment strategy for biological aging.

Abstract:Objective To evaluate the biological characteristics of freeze-dried platelet-rich fibrin(PRF).Methods Fresh and freeze-dried PRF was prepared from blood samples obtained from the marginal ear veins of rabbits.The biological characteristics were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy,Elisa protein quantification,and the effects of the release liquid conditioned medium on the proliferation and migration of BMSCs.Results The pores of freeze-dried PRF[(15.58±3.37)μm]increased by 14.57 times compared with fresh PRF[(1.07±0.22)μm].The total release amounts of PDGF-BB,VEGF-A,EGF,and TGFβ1 were greater than those of fresh PRF,with P＜0.05.The release amounts at different time points were more advantageous than those of fresh PRF.The proliferation and migration effects on BMSCs were stronger than those of fresh PRF,and the overall effect was dependent on the concentration of growth factors.Conclusion Freeze-dried PRF can be used as a superior active biomaterial in clinical practice,and it is expected to achieve better clinical application effects.

Abstract:Objective To explore the feasibility of periodontal basic treatment for chronic periodontitis patients with different degrees of periodontal disease who are undergoing anticoagulation therapy,without discontinuing their anticoagulant medications,and across varying severities of the condition.Methods A total of 133 patients with chronic periodontitis who were treated at Taiyuan Central Hospital between January 2023 and February 2025 were recruited and stratified into an experimental group(n=68)and a control group(n=65)according to their use of anticoagulant medications.Probing depth(PD),plaque index(PLI),bleeding index(BI),and clinical attachment level(CAL)were recorded for each patient,with the maximum value representing the patient's final data.The experimental group of 68 cases were divided into stage Ⅱ periodontitis(Group A,39 cases)and stage Ⅲ periodontitis(Group B,29 cases).The control group of 65 cases were divided into stage Ⅱ periodontitis(Group C,33 cases)and stage Ⅲ periodontitis(Group D,32 cases).Gross observation was used to record active gingival bleeding in each group at 5 min,30 min,1 h,24 h,and 48 h after receiving periodontal basic treatment.Results The bleeding rates of the experimental group at 5 minutes,30 minutes,1 hour,and 24 hours after periodontal basic treatment were significantly higher than those of the control group(P＜0.05).Additionally,neither group exhibited any further bleeding 48 hours post-treatment.No further bleeding was observed in either group at 48 h post-treatment.Group A had significantly higher bleeding rates at 5 and 30 minutes after periodontal basic treatment compared to group C(P＜0.05),but the difference was no longer significant after 1 hour(P＞0.05),and there was no bleeding in both groups after 24 hours.Group B had significantly higher bleeding rates at 5 minutes,30 minutes,1 hour,and 24 hours after periodontal basic treatment compared to group D(P＜0.05),but there was no bleeding in both groups after 48 hours.Group B had significantly higher bleeding rates at 5 minutes,30 minutes,1 hour,and 24 hours after periodontal basic treatment compared to group A(P＜0.05).Within 48 hours,both group A and group B did not bleed again.Conclusion For patients with stageⅡperiodontal disease who take long-term oral anticoagulants,periodontal treatment can be received with confidence.However,for patients with stageⅢperiodontal disease who take long-term oral anticoagulants,although there is a risk of prolonged bleeding time,local hemostasis intervention is still feasible.

Abstract:Objective To study the correlation between number of remaining teeth and oral microbiome in the elderly by 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing.Methods Thirty elderly residents of Chengdu aged≥80 years were selected.All participants were categorized into two groups based on their remaining tooth count:a high remaining tooth count group(20 or more teeth),consisting of 15 individuals,and a low remaining tooth count group(fewer than 20 teeth),also comprising 15 individuals.Buccal mucosa samples from the high number of remaining teeth group were designated as the HNRT group(n=30),and buccal mucosa samples from the low number of remaining teeth group were designated as the LNRT group(n=30).Saliva samples from the high number of remaining teeth group were recorded as the HNoRT group(n=14),and saliva samples from the low number of remaining teeth group were recorded as the LNoRT group(n=14).Buccal mucosa and saliva samples were collected,and 16S rDNA sequencing technology was used to analyze microbial diversity and abundance,aiming to identify differential bacterial markers.Results The results of alpha diversity analysis and beta diversity analysis showed that there was no statistical difference in the diversity of the flora between the two groups(P＞0.05).The results of species annotation showed that at the phyla level,the main dominant species of the two groups were Firmicutes,Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes,and Actinomycetes;the genus level mainly included Streptococcus,Neisseria,Rothia,and Haemophilus.LEfSe analysis found that the species with statistical differences between the buccal mucosal sample groups were Pseudonocardiaceae,Phyllobacteriaceae,Actinobacillus,Aggregatibacter,Desulfovibrio,Pelomonas.Species with statistically significant differences in saliva samples included Deinococcales,Deinococcaceae,Staphylococcaceae,Catonella,Pelomonas,Deinococcus,Staphylococcus.Conclusion The number of remaining teeth is associated with alterations in the oral microbiota,potentially mediated through dietary patterns that influence the relative abundance of specific bacterial taxa.In individuals with a lower number of remaining teeth,certain gastrointestinal-derived bacterial species were observed outside the core oral microbiota,suggesting that tooth loss may be linked to aberrant colonization by non-resident gastrointestinal bacteria.

Abstract:Objective To summarize and and evaluate the clinical effectiveness of combining casting/machining rods with Locator attachments in the restoration of implant-supported overdentures for patients with edentulous maxillae or multiple missing teeth.Methods Eight elderly patients with edentulous maxilla or only a few remaining natural teeth,treated at Beijing Stomatological Hospital,Capital Medical University between January 2014 and January 2023,were selected.Five to six implants were placed in each patient.Rigidly connected cast or machined bars were fabricated for the posterior regions on both sides of the maxilla,while Locator attachments were utilized for the anterior implants to enhance retention.Eight patients received implant-supported overdentures.All patients underwent regular follow-up examinations over a period of 3 to 10 years to evaluate their satisfaction with denture function and masticatory performance.Peri-implant bone resorption was assessed using radiographic imaging.Results A total of 46 implants in 8 patients showed no looseness or failure,and there was no abnormal peri-implant bone resorption.The dentures maintained stable retention and support over time,with high patient satisfaction regarding functional recovery,aesthetics,and comfort.Conclusion The use of cast/milled bars combined with Locator attachments for implant-supported overdentures in edentulous maxilla achieved long-term stable aesthetic and functional outcomes.This technique offers simplified fabrication,moderate yet durable retention,and is worthy of further clinical promotion and research.

Abstract:Objective To analyze the application effect of apically positioned flap(APF)and free gingival graft(FGG)on in elderly patients with insufficient keratinized gingiva implantation in mandibular molar area.Methods A total of 104 elderly patients with insufficient keratinized gingiva in the mandibular molar region,who received treatment at the Department of Stomatology,Suzhou Jiulong Hospital between May 2020 and May 2024,were enrolled in this study and divided into the APF group(n=51)and the FGG group(n=53)based on the surgical procedure performed.The postoperative pain status[visual analogue scale(VAS)score]were recorded in the two groups.The patients were followed up for 6 months,and the differences in keratinized mucosa width(KMW),periodontal related clinical indexes[probing depth(PD),modified plaque index(mPLI)]before and after surgery were compared between the two groups.Results The VAS scores at 3 and 7 days after surgery in APF group were significantly lower than those in FGG group(P＜0.05).At 3 months and 6 months after surgery,KMW in both groups was significantly higher than that before surgery(P＜0.05).KMW values in FGG group at 3 months and 6 months after surgery were significantly higher than those in APF group(P＜0.05).At 3 months and 6 months after surgery,PD and mPLI were significantly lower in the two groups than those before surgery(P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in PD and mPLI between the two groups at 3 months and 6 months after surgery(P＞0.05).Conclusion Both the Apically Positioned Flap(APF)and Free Gingival Graft(FGG)demonstrate therapeutic efficacy in elderly patients with insufficient keratinized gingiva in the mandibular molar region prior to implant placement.APF has the advantages of milder postoperative pain,and it is more suitable for elderly patients with mild-to-moderate keratinized gingival insufficiency.FGG is more effective in increasing KMW,but has larger trauma.The two surgical methods have the same effect on improving periodontal health.Clinically,it is necessary to select appropriate surgical methods according to the specific conditions of patients.