Development of a Nomogram model for assessing frailty in elderly patients with oral diseases

YI Fajun; HUANG Wei; HU Xingzhou

doi:10.19749/j.cn.cjgd.1672-2973.2025.06.008

Abstract：Objective This study aimeds to develop a predictive model for frailty in elderly patients with oral diseases based on the World Health Organization(WHO)oral health standards and baseline admission data.The model is intended to support the early recognition of high-risk populations in clinical settings and facilitate timely intervention strategies.Methods A total of 302 elderly patients with oral diseases who attended the Department of Stomatology at the Second People's Hospital of Jintang County between June 2021 and June 2024 were included in the study.The Fried frailty phenotype was utilized to evaluate their frailty status.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify independent predictors and develop a predictive model.Results Compared with the non-frail group,the pre-frail/frail group showed higher heart rate,proportion of heart failure,white blood cell count,prevalence of oral and maxillofacial pain,and oral dysfunction,but lower rates of dyslipidemia and hemoglobin levels(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that higher heart rate(OR=1.032,95%CI:1.019-1.044,P<0.001),heart failure(OR=2.340,95%CI:1.403-3.904,P=0.001),elevated white blood cell count(OR=1.031,95%CI:1.002-1.061,P=0.035),orofacial pain(OR=1.818,95%CI:1.022-3.234,P=0.042),and oral functional impairment(OR=2.565,95%CI:1.436-4.582,P=0.001)were significantly associated with frailty in elderly patients with oral diseases.The area under the curve of the constructed model was 0.741,indicating good predictive performance.Calibration and decision curve analyses demonstrated favorable clinical utility.Conclusion The proposed model may facilitate early identification of elderly oral disease patients at high risk of frailty and provide a basis for tailored interventions.Further validation in external populations is warranted.