Abstract:Objective To elucidate the molecular mechanism by which tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 regulates macro-phage M2 polarization in the tumor microenvironment and its inhibitory effect on the invasion and metastasis of nasopharyn-geal carcinoma(NPC).Methods The experiment was conducted in the laboratory of the Medical Research Center of Kailuan General Hospital in June 2024.A lentiviral vector overexpressing SHP2 was constructed and used to infect THP-1 monocytes to establish a stable macrophage model overexpressing SHP2(SHP2-THP-1).Cells were divided into blank control group,THP-1 group,and SHP2-THP-1 group,and co-cultured with conditioned medium from NPC CNE-1 cells.Quantitative real-time PCR(qRT-PCR)and Western blot were used to detect the expression of M2 polarization markers(IL-10,Arg1,CD 163,CD206)and key proteins in the IL-6/STAT3 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways.The effects of supernatants from each group on the migration and invasion abilities of CNE-1 cells were evaluated using wound healing and Transwell assays.Results Compared with the blank control group,the mRNA expression levels of M2 markers(IL-10,Arg1,CD163,CD206)in THP-1 cells treated with CNE-1 conditioned medium were significantly increased(P＜0.05).Compared with the THP-1 group,the SHP2 overexpression group(SHP2-THP-1)showed a significant decrease in the expression of these M2 markers(P＜0.05).Western blot analysis revealed that overexpression of SHP2 significantly inhibited the protein expression of IL-6,p-STAT3(Tyr705),p-PI3K,and p-AKT(Ser473)(P＜0.05).Functional assays demonstrated that the migration rate and invasion number of CNE-1 cells were significantly higher in the THP-1 supernatant group than in the blank control group(P＜0.05),whereas these parameters were significantly lower in the SHP2-THP-1 supernatant group compared with the THP-1 supernatant group(P＜0.05).Conclusion SHP2 inhibits tumor microenvironment-induced M2 polarization of macrophages by suppressing IL-6/STAT3 and PI3K/AKT signaling,thereby attenuating NPC cell invasion and metastasis.These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting the SHP2-immunometabolic axis in NPC.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the relationship between serum sirtuin 1(Sirt1)and methyltransferase-like 3(METTL3)levels and the clinical staging and prognosis of patients with diabetic foot(DF).Methods A total of 206 DF pa-tients admitted to the Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region People's Hospital from January 2023 to January 2025 were prospectively selected as the DF group.Additionally,103 healthy individuals during the same period were selected as the healthy control group in a 2∶1 ratio.Serum levels of Sirt1 and METTL3 were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.DF patients were classified into grades 0(n=39),1(n=36),2(n=42),3(n=51),and 4(n=38)based on clinical grading.Spearman correlation analysis was used to assess the correlation between serum Sirt1,METTL3 levels and clinical grade in DF patients.Based on 6-month prognosis,DF patients were divided into poor and good prognosis subgroups.Factors influencing prognosis and the predictive value of serum Sirt1 and METTL3 levels were analyzed.Results Compared with the control group,serum Sirt1 and METTL3 levels were significantly lower in the DF group(t=12.188,14.765,both P＜0.001).Serum Sirt1 and METTL3 levels progressively decreased from grade 0 to grade 4(F=1607.455,2264.970,both P＜0.001).In DF patients,serum Sirt1 was positively correlated with METTL3,while both were neg-atively correlated with clinical grade(r=0.719,-0.774,-0.723,all P＜0.001).The poor prognosis rate among the 206 DF pa-tients was 34.95％(72/206).Prolonged duration of diabetes,clinical grade 4,and elevated glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c)were identified as independent risk factors for poor prognosis in DF patients,while higher Sirt1 and higher METTL3 levels were in-dependent protective factors[OR(95％CI)=1.259(1.062-1.492),8.413(2.230-31.746),2.549(1.443-4.502),0.598(0.472-0.757),0.757(0.677-0.848)].The area under the ROC curve(AUC)for predicting poor prognosis in DF patients using serum Sirt1 level,METTL3 level,and their combination were 0.805,0.796,and 0.892,respectively.The combined prediction of Sirt1 and METTL3 showed greater value for predicting poor prognosis in DF patients than either biomarker alone(Z=3.594,3.580,both P＜0.001).Conclusion Decreased serum levels of Sirt1 and METTL3 are associated with increased clinical grade and poor prognosis in DF patients.The combination of serum Sirt1 and METTL3 levels demonstrates high efficacy in predicting prognosis.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the predictive value of serum NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain asso-ciated protein 3(NLRP3)and NOD-like receptor family CARD domain containing 4(NLRC4)levels for short-term prognosis after surgery in patients with hypertensive basal ganglia intracerebral hemorrhage(HBGH).Methods A total of 182 HBGH patients(HBGH group)who underwent minimally invasive hematoma evacuation in the Department of Neurosurgery,Yulin First Hospital,from January 2022 to May 2025,and 125 healthy controls(healthy control group)during the same period were enrolled.Serum levels of NLRP3 and NLRC4 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Based on disease se-verity,HBGH patients were categorized into mild(n=34),moderate(n=45),moderately severe(n=47),and severe(n=56)subgroups.The correlation between serum NLRP3,NLRC4 levels and disease severity was analyzed using Spearman correla-tion.According to 3-month prognosis,HBGH patients were divided into poor prognosis and good prognosis subgroups.Multi-variate logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors influencing short-term postoperative poor prognosis;ROC curve analysis was employed to assess the value of serum NLRP3 and NLRC4 levels in predicting short-term postoperative poor prognosis.Results Serum NLRP3 and NLRC4 levels were significantly higher in the HBGH group than in the healthy con-trol group(t/P=21.239/＜0.001,16.528/＜0.001).Serum NLRP3 and NLRC4 levels increased progressively across the mild,moderate,moderately severe,and severe HBGH subgroups(F/P=396.166/＜0.001,487.216/＜0.001).A positive correlation was observed between serum NLRP3,NLRC4 levels and disease severity in HBGH patients(rs/P=0.826/＜0.001,0.878/＜0.001).The poor prognosis rate among the 182 HBGH patients was 33.52％(61/182).NLRP3 and NLRC4 levels were significantly higher in the poor prognosis subgroup than in the good prognosis subgroup(t/P=7.020/＜0.001,7.727/＜0.001).Severe HBGH,larger hematoma volume,elevated NLRP3,and elevated NLRC4 were identified as independent risk factors for short-term postoperative poor prognosis,while higher Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS)score was an independent protective factor[OR(95％CI)=13.097(2.009-85.400),1.128(1.057-1.203),3.027(1.648-5.561),1.080(1.039-1.123),0.646(0.529-0.790)].The AUCs for serum NLRP3 level,NLRC4 level,and their combination in predicting short-term postoperative poor prognosis were 0.781,0.793,and 0.860,respectively.The combined predictive value was superior to that of either biomarker alone(Z/P=2.914/0.004,2.736/0.006).Conclusion Elevated serum NLRP3 and NLRC4 levels in HBGH patients are associated with in-creased disease severity and short-term postoperative poor prognosis.The combination of these two biomarkers demonstrates high predictive value for short-term postoperative prognosis in HBGH patients.

Abstract:The technique of unilateral laminotomy for bilateral decompression(ULBD)is a minimally invasive tech-nique widely used in clinical practice in recent years.It has unique advantages in treating degenerative diseases such as lumbar spinal stenosis and lumbar disc herniation.Nevertheless,research reports on this technique in China are relatively scarce com-pared to those abroad.The most significant difference compared to previous intervertebral foramen endoscopic techniques is that a unilateral approach from the back of the vertebral body is used to achieve complete decompression of the dural sac,fully preserving the stability of the patient's spine after surgery,reducing postoperative complications,reducing intraoperative bleed-ing,and accelerating postoperative health.Its significant advantages have attracted widespread attention from many spinal sur-geons,leading to further research and clinical application of this technology.The purpose of this article is to summarize the clinical application process of The technique of unilateral laminotomy for bilateral decompression.It is descovered that this technology is not limited to the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases,but can also be applied to cervical and thoracic de-generative diseases.However,there are still a few postoperative complications,and further improvement is required doing bet-ter clinical efficacy.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of serum interleukin-6(IL-6),monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1),and serum amyloid A(SAA)in urinary tract infections(UTIs)after kidney stone surgery.Methods Between October 2023 and October 2024,187 patients who underwent Kidney Stone Surgery in Fuxing Hospital,Capital Medical University were recruited and divided into the UTI group(n=45)and the non-UTI group(n=142)based on whether UTI occurred postoperatively.Serum levels of IL-6,MCP-1,and SAA were detected using ELISA.A microbial analy-zer was used for pathogen detection and identification.Multiple logistic regression was applied to explore the influencing fac-tors of UTI occurrence.ROC curve analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of serum IL-6,MCP-1,and SAA for UTI after kidney stone surgery.Results Compared with the non-UTI group,the UTI group had significantly higher serum levels of IL-6,MCP-1,and SAA(t=6.691,6.060,5.549,P＜0.05).A total of 65 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from the urine of 45 postoperative UTI patients,including 22 strains of Gram-positive bacteria,38 strains of Gram-negative bacteria,and 5 strains of fungi.Preoperative placement of ureteral stent,prolonged indwelling time of urinary catheter,and ele-vated levels of IL-6,MCP-1,and SAA were identified as influencing factors for UTI occurrence[OR(95％CI)=2.453(1.527-3.942),3.023(1.580-5.784),4.112(3.168-5.337),3.786(2.058-6.965),4.978(2.859-8.669)].The AUC values of serum IL-6,MCP-1,and SAA levels alone and in combination for diagnosing postoperative UTI in patients with kidney stones were 0.753,0.766,0.832,and 0.931,respectively.The combination of the three markers was superior to their individual diagnostic values(Z=4.255,4.303,3.568,P＜0.001).Conclusion Serum IL-6,MCP-1,and SAA are highly expressed in patients with UTI after kidney stone surgery,and their combined detection can improve the diagnostic efficacy for UTI occurrence.

Abstract:This paper reports the clinical data of a patient with anti-metabolic glutamate receptor 5 encephalitis and conducts a literature review.

Abstract:Objective To construct a risk prediction model for recurrence in breast cancer patients after breast-con-serving surgery and radiotherapy based on the cadherin expression profile and tumor pathological features,and to evaluate the efficacy of this model.Methods A total of 298 breast cancer patients who underwent breast-conserving surgery at the Affili-ated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from February 2020 to February 2023 were selected as the research sub-jects.Based on whether recurrence occurred within 2 years after breast-conserving surgery combined with radiotherapy,the pa-tients were divided into a recurrence group(19 cases)and a non-recurrence group(279 cases).Immunohistochemistry(IHC)was used to detect the expressions of E-cadherin,N-cadherin,P-cadherin,and VE-cadherin.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify influencing factors related to recurrence in breast cancer patients after breast-conserving surgery and radiotherapy,and a nomogram prediction model was constructed.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis was used to evaluate the value of the model in predicting recurrence after breast-conserving surgery and radiotherapy in breast cancer patients.Results Compared with the non-recurrence group,the recurrence group had a larger maximum tumor diameter,higher proportions of poorly differentiated tumors,TNM stage Ⅱ tumors,and HER-2 positivity,as well as a higher Ki-67 index,while the proportions of ER positivity and PR positivity were lower(t/x2/P=2.385/0.018,6.569/0.037,4.566/0.033,4.689/0.030,3.837/0.049,4.502/0.034,2.453/0.015).Additionally,the recurrence group had a longer operation time,a higher proportion of systemic radiotherapy-related adverse reactions,and a lower proportion of patients who received boost irradiation to the tumor bed compared with the non-recurrence group(t/x2/P=2.092/0.037,4.264/0.039,4.264/0.039).The proportions of low E-cadherin expression,high N-cadherin expression,and high VE-cadherin expression in the recurrence group were higher than those in the non-recurrence group(x2/P=7.968/0.005,6.866/0.009,6.170/0.013).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that larger maximum tumor diameter,poorly differentiated tumor,higher Ki-67 index,high N-cad-herin expression,and high VE-cadherin expression were independent risk factors for recurrence in breast cancer patients after breast-conserving surgery and radiotherapy[OR(95％CI)=16.846(2.653-106.984),4.276(1.459-12.536),1.342(1.082-1.664),4.034(1.038-15.675),4.217(1.070-16.624)],while receiving boost irradiation to the tumor bed and high E-cadherin expression were independent protective factors[OR(95％CI)=0.154(0.036-0.666),0.130(0.027-0.624)].ROC curve anal-ysis showed that the area under the curve(AUC)of the model for predicting recurrence after breast-conserving surgery and ra-diotherapy in breast cancer patients was 0.905(95％CI=0.850-0.961),with a sensitivity of 0.886 and a specificity of 0.900.Conclusion Maximum tumor diameter,tumor differentiation degree(poor differentiation),Ki-67 index,receipt of boost irra-diation to the tumor bed,and expressions of E-cadherin,N-cadherin,and VE-cadherin in breast cancer patients are all associat-ed with recurrence after breast-conserving surgery and radiotherapy.The model constructed based on the aforementioned tumor pathological features and cadherin expression profile can effectively predict the recurrence risk of breast cancer patients after breast-conserving surgery and radiotherapy.

Abstract:Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists(GLP-1RAs)have been widely used in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and obesity.Numerous clinical trials have confirmed their cardioprotective effects in patients with heart failure(HF).As a representative GLP-1RA,semaglutide has demonstrated benefits in various cardiovascular events in multiple large-scale cardiovascular outcome trials(CVOTs).Therefore,this study systematically summarizes the clinical trial and basic research evidence regarding the cardioprotective mechanisms of semaglutide in heart failure,aiming to provide a ref-erence for exploring new therapeutic approaches in patients with heart failure.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the correlation between serum levels of heat shock protein 47(HSP47),NLR family CARD domain-containing protein 4(NLRC4),and resolvin D1(RvD1)and the condition and prognosis of patients with traumatic brain injury(TBI).Methods A total of 124 TBI patients admitted to the Department of Emergency Medicine of our hospital from September 2022 to September 2024 were selected as the observation group.Another 105 age-matched healthy volunteers undergoing physical examinations during the same period were selected as the healthy control group.Serum levels of HSP47,NLRC4,and RvD1 were measured by ELISA.According to the Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS)scores,patients were divided into mild(n=55),moderate(n=25),and severe(n=44)TBI groups.Based on the Glasgow Outcome Scale(GOS)scores,patients were categorized into a good prognosis subgroup(n=70)and a poor prognosis subgroup(n=54).ROC curve analysis was used to evaluate the predictive value of serum HSP47,NLRC4,and RvD1 for the prognosis of TBI pa-tients.Additionally,relative risk analysis was performed to explore the relative risk of different serum levels of HSP47,NLRC4,and RvD1 on the prognosis of TBI patients.Results Compared with the control group,the observation group had significantly higher serum HSP47 and NLRC4 levels and a lower serum RvD1 level(t/P=9.531/＜0.001,10.188/＜0.001,10.561/＜0.001).As the severity of TBI increased(mild → moderate → severe),serum HSP47 and NLRC4 levels significantly increased,while the serum RvD1 level decreased(F/P=53.882/＜0.001,71.180/＜0.001,46.400/＜0.001).The poor prognosis subgroup had higher serum HSP47 and NLRC4 levels and lower serum RvD1 levels than the good prognosis subgroup(t/P=7.545/＜0.001,7.273/＜0.001,6.780/＜0.001).Patients with high serum levels of HSP47 and NLRC4 had significantly lower GCS scores than those with low levels,and patients with low serum RvD1 levels had significantly lower GCS scores than those with high levels(t/P=25.739/＜0.001,24.993/＜0.001,25.188/＜0.001).The areas under the ROC curve(AUC)of serum HSP47,NLRC4,RvD1,and their combination for predicting poor prognosis were 0.828,0.821,0.806,and 0.941,respectively.The predictive efficacy of the combination was superior to that of each indicator alone(Z=3.555/＜0.001,3.770/＜0.001,3.794/＜0.001).The incidence of poor prognosis in patients with high serum levels of HSP47 and NLRC4 was 4.333 and 3.388 times that of patients with low levels,respectively,and the incidence in patients with low serum RvD1 levels was 3.722 times that of patients with high levels(x2=50.468,35.826,38.194;all P＜O.001).Conclusion Serum HSP47 and NLRC4 levels are elevated,while serum RvD1 levels are decreased in TBI patients,and these factors may be involved in the development of TBI and affect its prognosis.The combined prediction using the three biomarkers has high value in predicting the prognosis of TBI patients.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the expression of tumor suppressor p53(TP53)and serine/threonine kinase 11(STK11)in cervical cancer tissues and adjacent tissues,with a focus on analyzing the correlation between TP53 and STK11 expression in cancer tissues and clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis.Methods A retrospective analysis was con-ducted on 113 cervical cancer patients who underwent surgical treatment at Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital from January 2018 to December 2022.The expression of TP53 and STK11 in cancer tissues and adjacent tissues was statistically analyzed,and postoperative follow-up data were reviewed.Patients were grouped according to their prognosis(recurrence and metastasis within 2 years after surgery),and the expression of TP53 and STK11 in cancer tissues was compared under different patholog-ical characteristics and prognosis conditions.Cox regression analysis,nomogram,and decision curve analysis were used to an-alyze the possible relationship between TP53 and STK11 expression and prognosis.Results The expression levels of TP53 mRNA and STK11 mRNA in cervical cancer tissues were lower than those in adjacent tissues(t/P=6.642/＜0.001,24.874/＜0.001).The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics(FIGO)stage ⅡA and the proportion of lymph node metas-tasis in the recurrence group were higher than those in the non-recurrence group(x2/P=14.962/0.001,9.611/0.002).The ex-pression levels of TP53 mRNA and STK11 mRNA in the recurrence group were lower than those in the non-recurrence group(t/P=3.511/0.001,3.553/0.001).Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that FIGO stage ⅡA and lymph node metastasis were significant risk factors for cervical cancer recurrence[HR(95％ CI)=3.556(1.126-11.235),2.804(1.071-7.342)],while TP53 and STK11 demonstrated protective effects[HR(95％CI)=0.427(0.190-0.959),0.472(0.268-0.831)].The nomogram based on Cox regression analysis showed that a 0.05 decrease in TP53 mRNA expression level increased the postoperative re-currence risk of cervical cancer by 13.75 points,while a 0.05 decrease in STK11 mRNA expression level raised the risk by 12.50 points.The nomogram model predicted a C-index of 0.856(95％CI:0.794-0.917)for evaluating the risk of postopera-tive cervical cancer recurrence,indicating good model discrimination.Conclusion The low expression of TP53 and STK11 in cervical cancer tissues is associated with the risk of postoperative recurrence in patients and may serve as a novel biomarker for evaluating the prognosis of cervical cancer patients.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the impact of nicorandil on coronary microcirculation dysfunction and myocar-dial perfusion reserve in patients with obstructive coronary heart disease(OCHD).Methods A total of 178 patients with OCHD admitted to our hospital from January 2022 to December 2024 were selected and divided into two groups,with 89 ca-ses in each group.The control group received conventional basic treatment,while the study group received nicorandil in addi-tion to the treatment given to the control group.The differences in clinical efficacy,coronary microcirculation dysfunction,my-ocardial perfusion reserve,cardiac function,and adverse reactions between the two groups were compared.Results The clini-cal efficacy of the study group was significantly higher than that of the control group(x2=4.773,P＜0.05).Repeated-measures analysis revealed significant time,between-group,and interaction effects for distal coronary pressure(Pd),index of microcircu-latory resistance(IMR),myocardial blood flow,blood flow velocity,transmural myocardial perfusion reserve index(transmural MPRI),peak myocardial signal intensity,maximum upslope rate of first-pass perfusion,N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic pep-tide(NT-proBNP),creatine kinase-MB(CK-MB),and cardiac troponin I(cTnI)in both groups(P＜0.05).For the time to peak of first-pass perfusion,significant time and interaction effects were observed in both groups(P＜0.05).After the intervention,the time to peak of first-pass perfusion,Pd,IMR,NT-proBNP,CK-MB,and cTnI were significantly reduced,while the trans-mural MPRI,peak myocardial signal intensity,maximum upslope rate of first-pass perfusion,myocardial blood flow,and blood flow velocity were significantly increased.The magnitude of these changes was greater in the study group than in the control group(t=12.968,26.790,108.735,91.296,146.835,426.022,42.097,121.478,36.722,56.127,14.070,respectively;P＜0.05).No statistically significant difference was observed in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(x2=0.097,P＞0.05).Conclusion Nicorandil has a significant therapeutic effect on patients with OCHD.It can effectively improve coronary microcirculation dysfunction,enhance myocardial perfusion reserve,reduce the levels of myocardial injury markers,and does not increase the incidence of adverse reactions during the treatment process,demonstrating good safety.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the efficacy of serum acylated ghrelin(AG)and glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored high-density lipoprotein-binding protein 1(GPIHBP1)levels in the evaluation of diabetic retinopathy(DR)and pro-liferative DR(PDR).Methods A total of 338 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)admitted to the Department of Endocrinology,987th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force from January 2022 to February 2025 were selected as the T2DM group,and 60 healthy individuals during the same period were selected as the control group.Based on the occurrence and development of DR,T2DM patients were divided into a PDR subgroup(62 cases),a non-proliferative DR(NPDR)sub-group(73 cases),and a non-DR(NDR)subgroup(203 cases).Serum AG and GPIHBP1 levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between serum AG and GPIHBP1 levels and the occurrence and development of DR and PDR.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis was used to evaluate the efficacy of serum AG and GPIHBP1 levels in the assessment of DR and PDR.Results Compared with the control group,serum AG levels were lower and GPIHBP1 levels were higher in the T2DM group(t/P=-9.398/＜0.001,12.221/＜0.001).Serum AG levels decreased sequentially,and GPIHBP1 levels increased sequentially,across the NDR,NPDR,and PDR subgroups(F/P=58.552/＜0.001,75.813/＜0.001).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that a longer duration of T2DM,higher glycated hemoglobin,and higher GPIHBP1 levels were independent risk fac-tors for the occurrence and development of DR and PDR[OR(95％CI)=1.902(1.482-2.442),1.741(1.361-2.228),6.111(1.790-20.861),2.842(1.012-7.979),1.010(1.004-1.016),1.007(1.002-1.012)],while higher AG levels were an independ-ent protective factor[OR(95％CI)=0.962(0.929-0.996),0.965(0.936-0.995)].ROC curve analysis showed that the area un-der the curve(AUC)for serum AG,GPIHBP1 levels,and their combination in evaluating DR were 0.790,0.816,and 0.897,respectively.The combined evaluation was superior to either marker alone(Z/P=5.442/＜0.001,4.779/＜0.001).The AUC for serum AG,GPIHBP1 levels,and their combination in evaluating PDR were 0.784,0.796,and 0.865,respectively.The com-bined evaluation was superior to either marker alone(Z/P=3.945/＜0.001,3.200/0.001).Conclusion Decreased serum AG levels and increased GPIHBP1 levels are closely associated with the occurrence and development of DR.The combination of serum AG and GPIHBP1 levels has high efficacy in evaluating the occurrence and development of DR.

Abstract:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)is a fatal disease characterized by the progressive degeneration of mo-tor neurons.Autosomal dominant mutations in the Fused in Sarcoma(FUS)gene,which encodes a DNA and RNA-binding protein,are one of the causes of ALS.Approximately 2.8％of familial ALS cases and some sporadic ALS cases are associated with FUS mutations,and this association is more common in the Asian population.Compared with other forms of ALS,FUS-mutation-associated ALS(FUS-ALS)is characterized by early onset and rapid progression,thus attracting increasing attention in clinical research.This article discusses the research progress on its potential pathogenic mechanisms around five key dimen-sions:nuclear homeostasis,RNA processing,neuronal function,stress response,and metabolic balance,with the aim of provi-ding insights for the treatment of FUS-ALS.

Abstract:Objective To explore the role of the AKT-EZH2-β-catenin axis in regulating the proliferation,migration,and invasion of colon cancer.Methods The expression levels of EZH2 in colon cancer tissues and SW480 colon cancer cells were analyzed using the GEPIA tool based on TCGA and GTEx databases and verified by Western blot(WB).The interaction among AKT phosphorylation,EZH2,and β-catenin was further investigated by co-immunoprecipitation(Co-IP)experiments.The effects of the AKT-EZH2-β-catenin axis on the proliferation,migration,and invasion of SW480 colon cancer cells were detected by 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine(EdU)assay,wound healing assay,and Transwell assay.Results The results of GEPIA and WB showed that the expression of EZH2 in colon cancer tissues and SW480 colon cancer cells was significantly higher than that in normal tissues and the human colonic epithelial cell line NCM460(P＜0.05).The Co-IP experimental results indicated that after AKT phosphorylation was activated by H2O2,the expression of pS473-AKT increased significantly(P＜0.05),and both AKT and EZH2 proteins were present in the precipitation complex.The results of the EdU assay,wound heal-ing assay,and Transwell assay showed that after AKT phosphorylation was activated by H2O2,the proliferation,migration,and invasion abilities of SW480 cells were significantly enhanced(P＜0.05).After silencing EZH2,the migration and invasion abilities of the cells were significantly decreased(P＜0.05).When β-catenin was further silenced,this inhibitory effect became more prominent.Conclusion There is an interaction among AKT,EZH2,and β-catenin.The high expression of EZH2 may phosphorylate AKT,thereby upregulating the expression and activity of β-catenin,and ultimately promoting the proliferation,migration,and invasion of colon cancer cells.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the value of peripheral blood cold-inducible RNA binding protein(CIRP)and CXC chemokine ligand 5(CXCL5)in the diagnosis and prognosis of neonatal sepsis.Methods A total of 113 children with neonatal sepsis admitted to the Department of Pediatrics,Chengdu Xiqu Hospital from June 2021 to June 2024 were selected as the case group.According to the pediatric critical illness score,they were divided into non-critical subgroup(n=51),critical subgroup(n=37),and extremely critical subgroup(n=25).Based on outcome,they were divided into good prognosis subgroup(n=79)and poor prognosis subgroup(n=34).According to a 1∶1 ratio,113 healthy newborns were randomly select-ed as the healthy control group.Serum CIRP and CXCL5 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to analyze their correlation with disease severity.Logistic regression analysis was used to examine their correlation with poor prognosis in children with neonatal sepsis.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis was used to evaluate their diagnostic value and predictive efficacy for poor prognosis in neonatal sepsis.Results Compared with the healthy control group,the serum levels of CIRP and CXCL5 in the case group were increased(t/P=18.223/＜0.001,26.819/＜0.001).With the aggravation of neonatal sepsis,the levels of serum CIRP and CXCL5 gradually in-creased(F/P=77.582/＜0.001,177.616/＜0.001).Serum CIRP and CXCL5 were positively correlated with disease severity(rs=0.682,0.703,both P＜0.001).Compared with the good prognosis subgroup,the poor prognosis subgroup had more severe dis-ease,and the levels of serum CIRP and CXCL5 were increased(t/P=5.504/＜0.001,8.546/＜0.001).Disease severity being criti-cal or extremely critical[compared with non-critical children,the risk of poor prognosis increased by 2.807 times and 10.859 times,respectively(P＜0.05)],and elevated serum CIRP and CXCL5 were independent risk factors for poor prognosis in chil-dren with neonatal sepsis[OR(95％CI)=1.756(1.246-2.471),2.046(1.372-3.052)].The AUC values of serum CIRP,CXCL5,and their combination for the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis were 0.803,0.812,and 0.905,respectively.The AUC of the combination was greater than that of each single index(Z=2.215,2.079;P=0.013,0.009).The AUC values of serum CIRP,CXCL5,and their combination for predicting poor prognosis in neonatal sepsis were 0.764,0.758,and 0.887,respectively.The AUC of the combination was greater than that of each single index(Z=1.934,1.891;P=0.022,0.023).Conclusion Peripher-al blood CIRP and CXCL5 levels are elevated in children with neonatal sepsis and are related to disease severity and poor prognosis.Early combined detection can serve as a biomarker for auxiliary diagnosis of neonatal sepsis and prediction of poor prognosis risk.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the clinical value of serum leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein 1(LRG1)and S100 calcium-binding protein A14(S100A14)in predicting recurrence and metastasis after laparoscopic radical resection of colon cancer.Methods A total of 220 patients with colon cancer who underwent laparoscopic radical resection at the Depart-ment of Gastrointestinal Surgery,Taihe Hospital,Shiyan from July 2020 to June 2022 were included as the colon cancer group,along with 90 patients with benign colon lesions who sought medical attention during the same period as the control group.The levels of serum LRG1 and S100A14 in biobank-stored samples were detected.Based on whether recurrence or me-tastasis occurred within 3 years after surgery,colon cancer patients were divided into a recurrence and metastasis subgroup and a non-recurrence and non-metastasis subgroup.Clinical data and the levels of LRG1 and S100A14 were compared between the two groups.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to identify the influencing factors for recurrence and metas-tasis after laparoscopic radical resection for colon cancer.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were used to evaluate the predictive value of serum LRG1 and S100A14 levels for recurrence and metastasis after laparoscopic radical resection for colon cancer.Results The serum levels of LRG1 and S100A14 were higher in the colon cancer group than in the control group(t/P=24.094/＜0.001,29.156/＜0.001).Compared with the recurrence and metastasis subgroup,the non-recurrence and non-metastasis subgroup of colon cancer patients had a higher proportion of well-differentiated/lower proportion of poorly dif-ferentiated tumors,a higher proportion of TNM stage Ⅰ+Ⅱ/lower proportion of stage Ⅲ,a lower proportion of lymph node metastasis,and lower levels of LRG1 and S100A14(x2/t/P=23.979/＜0.001,11.324/0.001,22.861/＜0.001,5.990/＜0.001,6.469/＜0.001).Poor differentiation,TNM stage Ⅲ,lymph node metastasis,and high levels of LRG1 and S100A14 were risk factors for postoperative recurrence and metastasis[OR(95％CI)=25.953(3.077-218.923),10.057(1.151-87.835),3.231(1.379-7.569),1.041(1.023-1.060),1.481(1.249-1.756)].The areas under the curve(AUCs)for serum LRG1,S100A14 levels,and their combination in predicting postoperative recurrence and metastasis in colon cancer patients were 0.760,0.758,and 0.833,respectively.The combined prediction was superior to the individual predictive values(DeLong method was used to compare the differences)(Z=2.921,2.647;P=0.003,0.008).Conclusion The levels of serum LRG1 and S100A14 are closely related to recurrence and metastasis after laparoscopic radical resection of colon cancer and can be used as risk factors to predict the risk of recurrence and metastasis after laparoscopic radical resection of colon cancer.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the correlation between the expression of Serum Slit protein 2(Slit-2)and fi-broblast growth factor 4(FGF4)levels with blood lipids and neonatal outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods Clinical data of 100 GDM patients who visited the Department of Obstetrics of the Third Affiliated Hospi-tal of Zhengzhou University from February 2021 to March 2022 were collected.Based on the condition of pregnant women and newborns during follow-up,GDM patients were separated into the good neonatal outcome subgroup(n=72)and the ad-verse neonatal outcome subgroup(n=28).Another 100 healthy pregnant women who underwent prenatal checkups and child-birth at same hospital during the same period were as the control group.The general clinical data and blood lipid indicators of all study subjects were collected.ELISA kits were applied to detect the levels of Slit-2 and FGF4 in serum.Pearson correlation was applied to analyze the correlation between serum Slit-2,FGF4 levels with blood lipid indicators.Multivariate logistic re-gression was applied to analyze the factors that affected the occurrence of GDM.ROC survival curve was applied to analyze the predictive effect of serum Slit-2 and FGF4 levels on adverse neonatal outcomes of GDM.Results Compared with the control group,the GDM group showed a prominent increase in C-reactive protein,total cholesterol,triglycerides,low-density lipoprotein,and the Slit-2 and FGF4 levels,and a great decrease in high-density lipoprotein(t/P=12.341/＜0.001,7.628/＜0.001,27.419/＜0.001,13.745/＜0.001,5.155/＜0.001,5.053/＜0.001,3.288/＜0.001).Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum Slit-2 was positively correlated with triglyceride and C-reactive protein in GDM pregnant women(r/P=0.418/＜0.001,0.621/＜0.001),and FGF4 was positively correlated with triglyceride and C-reactive protein(r/P=0.412/＜0.001,0.586/＜0.001).High levels of CRP,serum Slit-2 and FGF4 were independent risk factors for GDM in pregnant women[OR(95％CI)=1.753(1.090-2.817),1.320(1.074-1.622),1.852(1.450-2.366)].The AUC values of serum Slit-2,FGF4,and their combination in predicting adverse neonatal outcomes were 0.805,0.843,and 0.907,respectively,in addition,the combination of the two was superior to their individual predictive values(Z=2.420,1.959,P=0.016,0.047).Conclusion The levels of Slit-2 and FGF4 in the serum of GDM pregnant women are greatly increased,and they are positively correlated with serum triglyceride in preg-nant women.The combined detection of serum Slit-2 and FGF4 levels in pregnant women has predictive value for poor neo-natal prognosis.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the correlation between ferroptosis-related indicators and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods A total of 167 T2DM patients admitted to the Department of Endocrinology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College from January 2023 to April 2024 were selected.Based on abdominal ultrasound results,they were divided into a T2DM group(44 cases)and a T2DM-MAFLD group(123 cases).According to the fatty liver index(FLI),T2DM-MAFLD patients were further divided into a low-risk sub-group(37 cases,FLI＜30),a medium-risk subgroup(46 cases,30 ≤ FLI＜60),and a high-risk subgroup(40 cases,FLI ≥60).Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the levels of ferroptosis-related indicators including ferritin(FE),glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4),reactive oxygen species(ROS),acyl-CoA synthase long-chain family member 4(ACSL4),glutathione(GSH),and superoxide dismutase(SOD).Pearson and Spearman correlation analyses were used to investigate the correlation between ferroptosis-related indicators and clinical parameters in T2DM-MAFLD patients.Multivariate logistic re-gression analysis was performed to identify influencing factors for MAFLD in T2DM patients.Results Serum levels of FE,ROS,and ACSL4 showed an increasing trend:T2DM group＜low-risk subgroup＜medium-risk subgroup＜high-risk sub-group(F/P=112.240/＜0.001,42.118/＜0.001,22.607/＜0.001).Serum levels of GPX4,GSH,and SOD showed a decreasing trend:T2DM group＞low-risk subgroup＞medium-risk subgroup＞high-risk subgroup(F/P=40.784/＜0.001,11.040/＜0.001,17.371/＜0.001).BMI,FPG,HbA1c,TG,TC,GGT,and HOMA-IR levels showed an increasing trend:T2DM group＜low-risk subgroup＜medium-risk subgroup＜high-risk subgroup(F/H/P=5.904/0.001,25.409/＜0.001,26.011/＜0.001,16.694/＜0.001,6.633/＜0.001,91.146/＜0.001,44.600/＜0.001).LDL-C levels showed:T2DM group＜low-risk subgroup＜medium-risk sub-group(F/P=7.215/＜0.001).HDL-C levels showed:T2DM group＞low-risk subgroup＞medium-risk subgroup＞high-risk subgroup(F/P=6.894/＜0.001).Ferroptosis-related indicators FE,ROS,and ACSL4 were positively correlated with clinical in-dicators BMI,FPG,HbA1c,TG,TC,CPS,HOMA-IR,and GGT in T2DM-MAFLD patients(all P＜0.05).FE and ROS were negatively correlated with HDL-C(r/P=-0.255/0.001,-0.160/0.039).GPX4,GSH,and SOD were negatively correlated with BMI,FPG,HbA1c,TG,TC,CPS,HOMA-IR,and GGT(all P＜0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that high BMI,high FE,high ROS,high ACSL4,high FPG,high HbA1c,high TG,high GGT,and high HOMA-IR were independent risk factors for MAFLD in T2DM patients[OR(95％CI)=1.182(1.003-1.392),1.044(1.009-1.080),1.552(1.512-1.592),1.008(1.002-1.014),1.879(1.051-3.360),1.760(1.114-2.782),1.209(1.007-1.453),1.072(1.025-1.121),1.482(1.152-1.906)],while high GPX4 was an independent protective factor[OR(95％CI)=0.951(0.912-0.993)].Conclusion Fer-roptosis is associated with the progression of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Abstract:To report the clinical data of a patient with emphysematous pancreatitis(EP)and conduct a literature review.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the levels of bone turnover markers in patients with osteoporotic fractures and their correlation with postoperative skeletal muscle status.Methods A total of 98 patients with osteoporotic femoral neck fractures who were treated at the Orthopedic Center of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region People's Hospital from January 2023 to January 2025 were selected as the research subjects.According to the skeletal muscle status of the patients one month after the operation,they were divided into a sarcopenia group(54 cases)and a non-sarcopenia group(44 cases).Pearson corre-lation analysis was used to investigate the correlation between bone turnover marker levels and postoperative skeletal muscle status.Multiple logistic regression analysis was applied to investigate the influencing factors of postoperative skeletal muscle status in patients with osteoporotic fractures.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis was applied to evaluate the predictive value of bone turnover marker levels for the postoperative skeletal muscle status of patients with osteoporotic femo-ral neck fractures.Results The grip strength of both hands,6-meter walking speed,and postoperative skeletal muscle index(SMI)level in the sarcopenia group were lower than those in the non-sarcopenia group(t/P=6.138/＜0.001,8.584/＜0.001,7.610/＜0.001).The levels of parathyroid hormone(PTH),type Ⅰ procollagen amino-terminal peptide(P ⅠNP),and type Ⅰ collagen carboxyl-terminal peptide β special sequence(β-CTX)in the sarcopenia group were higher than those in the non-sar-copenia group(t/P=4.425/＜0.001,3.924/＜0.001,4.982/＜0.001).Osteocalcin(OC),blood phosphorus,blood calcium,and 25-hydroxyvitamin D were lower than those in the non-sarcopenia group(t/P=7.788/＜0.001,6.899/＜0.001,6.400/＜0.001,3.568/＜0.001).Pearson correlation analysis showed that the levels of OC,blood phosphorus,blood calcium,and 25-hydroxyvitamin D in patients with osteoporotic femoral neck fractures were positively correlated with postoperative SMI(r/P=0.574/＜0.001,0.523/＜0.001,0.659/＜0.001,0.653/＜0.001).The levels of PTH,P ⅠNP and β-CTX were negatively correlated with postopera-tive SMI(r/P=-0.786/＜0.001,-0.670/＜0.001,-0.637/＜0.001).High P ⅠNP and high β-CTX were independent risk factors affecting the postoperative skeletal muscle status of patients with osteoporotic femoral neck fractures[OR(95％CI)=1.152(1.001-1.325),17.282(2.333-128.011)].High OC and high 25-hydroxyvitamin D were independent protective factors[OR(95％CI)=0.196(0.062-0.622),0.314(0.099-0.997)].The AUCs of OC,25-hydroxyvitamin D,P ⅠNP,and β-CTX levels alone and in combination for predicting the postoperative skeletal muscle status of patients with osteoporotic femoral neck fractures were 0.844,0.689,0.716,0.822,and 0.956,respectively.The combined prediction of the four was superior to the in-dividual predictive values of OC,25-hydroxyvitamin D,P ⅠNP,and β-CTX(Z/P=2.362/0.018,4.637/＜0.001,2.721/0.006,4.381/＜O.001).Conclusion The levels of OC,25-hydroxyvitamin D,P ⅠNP,and β-CTX are closely related to the postopera-tive skeletal muscle status of patients with osteoporotic femoral neck fractures.The combined prediction of the four has a rela-tively high value in predicting postoperative skeletal muscle reduction in patients.