Analysis of the correlation between serum Slit-2 and FGF4 levels with neonatal outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus

Wei Man; Ma Dimeng; Liu Hongyun; Zhao Na; Xu Xiaoya; Han Ning

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-6450.2026.02.004

Abstract：Objective To investigate the correlation between the expression of Serum Slit protein 2(Slit-2)and fi-broblast growth factor 4(FGF4)levels with blood lipids and neonatal outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods Clinical data of 100 GDM patients who visited the Department of Obstetrics of the Third Affiliated Hospi-tal of Zhengzhou University from February 2021 to March 2022 were collected.Based on the condition of pregnant women and newborns during follow-up,GDM patients were separated into the good neonatal outcome subgroup(n=72)and the ad-verse neonatal outcome subgroup(n=28).Another 100 healthy pregnant women who underwent prenatal checkups and child-birth at same hospital during the same period were as the control group.The general clinical data and blood lipid indicators of all study subjects were collected.ELISA kits were applied to detect the levels of Slit-2 and FGF4 in serum.Pearson correlation was applied to analyze the correlation between serum Slit-2,FGF4 levels with blood lipid indicators.Multivariate logistic re-gression was applied to analyze the factors that affected the occurrence of GDM.ROC survival curve was applied to analyze the predictive effect of serum Slit-2 and FGF4 levels on adverse neonatal outcomes of GDM.Results Compared with the control group,the GDM group showed a prominent increase in C-reactive protein,total cholesterol,triglycerides,low-density lipoprotein,and the Slit-2 and FGF4 levels,and a great decrease in high-density lipoprotein(t/P=12.341/＜0.001,7.628/＜0.001,27.419/＜0.001,13.745/＜0.001,5.155/＜0.001,5.053/＜0.001,3.288/＜0.001).Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum Slit-2 was positively correlated with triglyceride and C-reactive protein in GDM pregnant women(r/P=0.418/＜0.001,0.621/＜0.001),and FGF4 was positively correlated with triglyceride and C-reactive protein(r/P=0.412/＜0.001,0.586/＜0.001).High levels of CRP,serum Slit-2 and FGF4 were independent risk factors for GDM in pregnant women[OR(95％CI)=1.753(1.090-2.817),1.320(1.074-1.622),1.852(1.450-2.366)].The AUC values of serum Slit-2,FGF4,and their combination in predicting adverse neonatal outcomes were 0.805,0.843,and 0.907,respectively,in addition,the combination of the two was superior to their individual predictive values(Z=2.420,1.959,P=0.016,0.047).Conclusion The levels of Slit-2 and FGF4 in the serum of GDM pregnant women are greatly increased,and they are positively correlated with serum triglyceride in preg-nant women.The combined detection of serum Slit-2 and FGF4 levels in pregnant women has predictive value for poor neo-natal prognosis.