Abstract:An adult British Shorthair cat presented with symptoms including decreased appetite,lethargy,weakness in the hind limbs,weight loss,and occasional vomiting.Through clinical examination,blood tests,X-ray examination,and pathogen detection,the cat was diagnosed with a mixed infection of feline infectious peritonitis virus(FIPV)and chaphamaparvovirus(FeChPV).Treatment included intravenous fluid therapy combined with anti-inflammatory,anti-emetic,and other supportive symptomatic treatments,along with nucleoside analogs and hepatoprotective drugs.The cat showed significant improvement in mental state and appetite,and no recurrence was observed after recovery.This article analyzes the diagnosis and treatment of this case to provide a reference for the clinical management of mixed FIPV and FeChPV infections.

Abstract:Pathogenic microorganisms have caused significant losses to the animal farming industry,making the development of efficient and sensitive pathogen detection technologies highly important.Digital PCR(dPCR)is a third-generation PCR detection method characterized by high accuracy,specificity,and sensitivity.It enables absolute quantification of pathogenic microorganisms without relying on standard curves and has been widely applied in the field of veterinary diagnostics.Currently,numerous studies have reported the use of dPCR for detecting pathogens such as viruses,bacteria,parasites,mycoplasmas,and chlamydia.This review summarizes the fundamental principles of dPCR technology and its applications in animal pathogen detection,aiming to provide a reference for the broader adoption of dPCR technology in the fields of animal husbandry and veterinary medicine.

Abstract:This study aimed to screen the optimal concentration of sodium diatrizoate for positive contrast radiography of the gastrointestinal tract in dogs and evaluate its safety.A randomized,controlled trial was conducted using oral administration combined with multi-dimensional assessments on 20 healthy Chinese indigenous dogs.The 20 experimental dogs were randomly divided into four groups:10%sodium diatrizoate group,12%sodium diatrizoate group,15%sodium diatrizoate group,and a blank control group,with 5 dogs in each group.The dogs in the experimental groups received sodium diatrizoate at a dose of 10 mL/kg at the corresponding concentration via oral administration,while the control group received an equivalent volume of normal saline.The DR contrast images from each experimental group were scored using a blinded method to assess the imaging quality,identify the optimal concentration,and conduct safety evaluations(including monitoring of clinical symptoms,hematological parameters,serum biochemical indicators,and ultrasonography).The results showed that the 12%sodium diatrizoate group provided the best imaging quality,with its blinded score being higher than those of the 10%and 15%groups,and it clearly revealed gastrointestinal structure and motility.No severe adverse reactions were observed in any dog in this group,and no significant differences were found in hematological parameters or serum liver and kidney function indicators before and after the experiment(P>0.05).Ultrasonography also revealed no organ damage.The study demonstrates that 12%sodium diatrizoate,when used for positive contrast radiography of the gastrointestinal tract in dogs,demonstrates both excellent imaging efficacy and favorable safety.

Abstract:This study aimed to understand the infection situation of intestinal parasites in large-scale pig farms and free-range pigs in Yongde County,providing basic data for the comprehensive prevention and control of parasitic diseases.A total of 120 fresh pig fecal samples were collected from two large-scale pig farms and 65 free-range farmers in Yongde County.The infection status of intestinal parasites in pigs was detected using the saturated salt water flotation method.The results showed that the total detection rate of worm eggs and coccidia oocysts in the collected pig fecal samples was 66.67%(80/120),and the mixed detection rate was 24.17%(29/120).Among them,the parasite detection rate in the fecal samples from large-scale pig farms was 36.67%(11/30),and the detection rate in the fecal samples from free-range farmers was 77.78%(69/90).In addition,pigs in Yongde County were infected with multiple parasites,with coccidia and pharyngeal worm being the dominant species.The study showed that both large-scale pig farms and free-range pigs in Yongde County had intestinal parasite infections,with the free-range pig population being the most severely affected.It is urgent to strengthen the comprehensive prevention and control measures for worms and coccidia.

Abstract:The study aimed to assess the risk of dystocia in different breeds of beef cattle and to develop targeted prevention strategies.Through a national questionnaire survey combined with on-site research in Qianxinan Prefecture,the risk characteristics of dystocia for local breeds,introduced breeds,and hybrid combinations were systematically analyzed.The results showed that there were differences in the risk of dystocia among different breeds of beef cattle.32.91%of the respondents believed that the combination of first-time calving heifers and Charolais bulls was a high-risk combination for difficult births,while 63.29%of the respondents thought that the hybrid heifers and Limousin bulls were a low-risk combination for difficult births.Excessive fetal size(64.56%)and abnormal fetal position(53.16%)were the main direct causes of dystocia in beef cattle,and the birth weight of calves was positively correlated with the dystocia rate.67.09%of the farmers had misconceptions about the selection of breeding bulls for first-time pregnant cows,choosing high-risk bull breeds,and 84.81%of the farms had problems with the lack of nutritional regulation techniques.The studies have shown that the risk of dystocia in beef cattle is significantly influenced by the breed combination,fetal factors,and breeding management techniques.Therefore,it is necessary to optimize the breeding plan and nutritional regulation to reduce the rate of dystocia.

Abstract:Canine gastric dilatation-volvulus syndrome(GDV)is an acute condition that can lead to circulatory system energy failure and result in death in severe cases.Understanding its pathological mechanism,diagnostic procedures,and prognosis can provide a reference for improving the clinical cure rate.This article,based on relevant research and clinical data,analyzes the characteristics of canine GDV from the perspectives of etiology,pathological mechanism,imaging diagnosis,and laboratory indicators,and summarizes the emergency resuscitation,surgical,and postoperative monitoring plans,with the aim of providing a reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of related diseases.

Abstract:This experiment aimed to investigate the effects of a compound multi-dimensional nutrient solution on the laying performance,egg quality,and immune and antioxidant functions of laying hens during the late laying period.A total of 1 500 83-week-old Roman Pink laying hens were selected and randomly divided into three groups(the control group,group 1,and group 2),with five replicates per group and 100 hens per replicate.All groups were fed a basal diet.The control group received no compound multi-dimensional nutrient solution in their drinking water,while the groups 1 and 2 received additions of 500 mg/kg and 1 000 mg/kg of the compound multi-dimensional nutrient solution in their drinking water,respectively.The experimental period lasted 15 weeks.The results showed that the laying rate,average egg weight,and average daily feed intake in the experimental groups were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05),while the feed-to-egg ratio was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).The numbers of ovarian follicles with diameters of 2～4 mm,5～10 mm,and>10 mm in the experimental groups were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Eggshell weight,eggshell thickness,yolk color,and Haugh unit in the experimental groups were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05),while the proportions of cracked eggs and thin-shelled/soft-shelled eggs were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The activities of total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),and catalase(CAT)in the serum of hens in the experimental groups were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05),while the serum malondialdehyde(MDA)content was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).The study indicates that adding 500～1 000 mg/kg of the compound multi-dimensional nutrient solution to the drinking water of laying hens during the late laying period is beneficial for improving laying performance,egg quality,and immune and antioxidant functions.

Abstract:The experiment aimed to investigate the effects of adding a traditional Chinese medicine compound to the diet on the laying performance,egg quality,biochemical indicators and immune function of Roman laying hens.Seventy-two 300-day-old Roman white-shelled laying hens were selected and randomly divided into two groups(control group and traditional Chinese medicine group),with six replicates in each group and six chickens in each replicate.The control group was only fed the basic diet,while the traditional Chinese medicine group was given 1%of the traditional Chinese medicine compound in the basic diet.The pre-feeding period was 7 days and the experimental period was 60 days.The results showed that compared with the control group,there were no significant differences in the laying performance and egg quality of the laying hens in the traditional Chinese medicine group(P>0.05);The contents of serum cholesterol(TC),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)in the traditional Chinese medicine group of laying hens increased extremely(P<0.01),while the contents of liver triglyceride(TG)and LDL-C decreased extremely(P<0.01),and the contents of HDL-C and LDL-C in the ovaries of the traditional Chinese medicine group of laying hens decreased extremely(P<0.01);The contents of serum immunoglobulin A(IgA),interleukin 2(IL-2),interleukin-6(IL-6)in the serum of the traditional Chinese medicine group of laying hens increased extremely(P<0.01),while the content of interleukin-10(IL-10)decreased extremely(P<0.01),and the contents of interferon-γ(IFN-γ)and serum immunoglobulin G(IgG)did not show significant differences(P>0.05).The study showed that the traditional Chinese medicine compounds did not affect the laying performance and egg quality of laying hens,but could improve liver lipid metabolism and enhance the immune function of the laying hens.

Abstract:The article aims to explore the age-specific dosing strategies and risk control measures of citrulline maropitant for puppies infected with parvovirus,in order to improve the treatment effect and ensure the health of puppies.Due to the differences in organ development and metabolic capacity among dogs of different ages,their pharmacokinetic profiles of citrulline maropitant vary.Therefore,differentiated dosing regimens,frequencies,and treatment courses need to be established.At the same time,establishing a drug adverse reaction monitoring system,strengthening medication guidance and training,and formulating treatment effect evaluation standards are all crucial risk control measures that can significantly reduce treatment risks.The article comprehensively analyzed the physiological characteristics,pharmacokinetic data,and clinical experience of young dogs,and formulated treatment plans for puppies infected with parvovirus at different age stages,with the aim of provide a reference for the precise treatment of parvovirus infection in puppies.

Abstract:Intussusception refers to the abnormal telescoping of one segment of intestine into an adjacent segment,leading to intestinal obstruction,impaired blood circulation,and localized intestinal tissue adhesion and necrosis of the mesentery.Early detection and surgical reduction of intussusception often result in a favorable prognosis.However,in severe or late-stage cases,resection of the necrotic intestine and intestinal anastomosis are required.Life-threatening complications such as anastomotic leakage or peritonitis may occur,potentially leading to death.Clinically,intussusception is relatively rare in cats,with juvenile cats being more commonly affected,and jejuno-ileal intussusception being the most frequent type.This article describes the diagnosis and treatment process of a feline intussusception case with a good postoperative prognosis,aiming to provide a reference for the diagnosis and management of similar cases in veterinary practice.

Abstract:The experiment aimed to investigate the mechanism of Senecio scandens Buch.-Ham.in treating calf diarrhea.Active ingredients of Senecio scandens Buch.-Ham.and related targets were retrieved using the BATMAN,GeneCards,STRING,and DAVID databases,along with Cytoscape 3.10.0 software.GO enrichment analysis,KEGG enrichment analysis,and molecular docking were performed.The results showed that the effective active ingredients of Senecio scandens Buch.-Ham.against calf diarrhea included quercetin,emodin,luteolin,etc.,with core targets such as albumin(ALB),interleukin-6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor(TNF),and interleukin-1β(IL-1β).GO enrichment analysis identified 197 biological process terms,19 cellular component terms,and 38 molecular function terms.A total of 128 KEGG pathways were identified,covering malaria,inflammatory bowel disease,interleukin-17(IL-17)signaling pathway,TNF signaling pathway,Th17 cell differentiation,and others.Molecular docking results indicated good binding activity between the effective components and the target genes.The study suggests that Senecio scandens Buch.-Ham.may interact with targets such as ALB,IL-6,TNF,and IL-1β through chemical components like quercetin,emodin,and luteolin.It regulates inflammatory responses,immune responses,and hormone levels in the body by influencing the production of inflammatory factors,protein binding,hormone secretion,and cell proliferation and differentiation,ultimately achieving the therapeutic effect on calf diarrhea.

Abstract:The aim of this study was to identify the pathogenic bacteria causing diarrhea in piglets at a pig farm in Shenyang,Liaoning Province,and to further analyze its drug resistance and pathogenicity characteristics.Fecal samples from diarrhea piglets at the farm were collected under sterile conditions,and the pathogenic bacteria were identified by methods such as isolation and purification,Gram staining,MALDI-TOF MS and 16S rRNA gene sequencing.Combined with drug sensitivity tests,the drug resistance of the pathogen was investigated by exploring its resistance genes and mobile genetic elements.The pathogenicity of the pathogen was explored by comparing virulence genes,lethal tests with the large wax moth and mouse pathogenicity tests.The results showed that the isolated strain formed a milky,opaque circular colony on the BHIA medium;Microscopic examination revealed that the bacteria were blue-purple,oval or round,arranged singly,in pairs or in short chains;MALDI-TOF MS identified it as Enterococcus faecalis;By 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison,the isolate was more than 99％similar to the published Enterococcus faecalis sequences,and was identified as Enterococcus faecalis and named HS1.The isolate was sensitive to ampicillin,ciprofloxacin,etc.four antibiotics,and resistant to erythromycin,tetracycline,etc.five antibiotics,and carried various resistance genes such as aac(6'),erm(A),tet(M),etc.,and various virulence genes such as cyl,gelE,efaA,etc.The isolate could cause all large wax moth larvae to completely blacken and die within 12 hours,demonstrating strong pathogenic potential;After inoculation in mice,diarrhea occurred,and after autopsy,obvious lesions were found in the cecum and colon,indicating that the isolate had strong pathogenicity.The study showed that the diarrhea of piglets in this pig farm was caused by a multi-drug-resistant and highly pathogenic Enterococcus faecalis strain.The results provide a reference for the prevention and control of piglet diarrhea caused by Enterococcus,clinical rational drug use and related epidemiological research.

Abstract:The experiment aimed to investigate the optimal water flow conditions for the eggs hatching and standard metabolism of triploid Oncorhynchus mykiss.Using triploid Oncorhynchus mykiss eggs as the test subjects,seven water flow rate gradients(0.09,0.10,0.11,0.12,0.13,0.14,0.15 m/s)were set up,with the group at 0.09 m/s as the control group.Each group had three replicates,and 5 000 eggs were randomly placed in each replicate.The test period was 60 days.The results showed that the hatching rate of eggs was the highest at a water flow conditions of 0.14 m/s(95.56%),which was significantly higher than that of the control group and the low flow rate group(P<0.05).At 18 days,the group with a water flow conditions of 0.14 m/s had the highest fish larva ascent rate(53.66%);At 22 days,the medium and high flow conditions groups(water flow rates of 0.12 to 0.15 m/s)could achieve 100.00%ascent of the fish larvae,and the ascent rate was significantly higher than that of other groups(P<0.05).The standard metabolism of each test group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),and the water flow conditions of 0.12 to 0.15 m/s maintained a relatively high level,with the water flow rate of 0.12 m/s group having the highest standard metabolism.The study suggests that the water flow conditions can be regulated stage by stage during the hatching and breeding of triploid Oncorhynchus mykiss,and the appropriate water flow condition for the hatching and early ascent of fish larvae(0 to 22 days)is 0.14 m/s.

Abstract:A 5-year-old male Schnauzer came to the hospital for treatment due to abdominal pain,hunched over and lying prone,and loss of appetite.After clinical examination,laboratory tests,imaging tests and laparotomy exploration,it was diagnosed with Mullerian syndrome.Subsequently,the ovaries,uterus and testicles were removed through surgical operations,and conventional anti-inflammatory and anti-infection treatments were carried out after the operation.The sick dog was eventually cured and discharged from the hospital.

Abstract:This experiment aimed to investigate the changes in active components such as water-soluble carbohydrates(WSC),flavonoids,and 1-deoxynojirimycin(DNJ)after 45 days of mixed silage using different ratios of mulberry branches and leaves to silkworm feces.The study used mulberry branches and leaves,silkworm feces,and wheat bran as raw materials.The proportion of wheat bran was fixed at 10%,while the ratios of mulberry branches and leaves to silkworm feces were varied in 15%increments,resulting in seven mixed silage groups:CK group(mulberry branches and leaves:silkworm feces:wheat bran=90:0:10),Group A(mulberry branches and leaves:silkworm feces:wheat bran=75:15:10),Group B(mulberry branches and leaves:silkworm feces:wheat bran=60:30:10),Group C(mulberry branches and leaves:silkworm feces:wheat bran=45:45:10),Group D(mulberry branches and leaves:silkworm feces:wheat bran=30:60:10),Group E(mulberry branches and leaves:silkworm feces:wheat bran=15:75:10),and Group F(mulberry branches and leaves:silkworm feces:wheat bran=0:90:10).Each group was prepared with three replicates.The ensiling period was 45 days.The results showed that after 45 days of ensiling,the contents of WSC,flavonoids,and DNJ in all mixed groups decreased.The reduction in WSC content ranged from 60%to 70%,flavonoids decreased by 7%to 65%,and DNJ content declined by 44%to 85%.The study indicates that the ensiling process can significantly alter the contents of WSC,flavonoids,and DNJ in mulberry branches and leaves mixed with silkworm feces.

Abstract:The study aimed to analyze the subtype of canine parvovirus(CPV)in the Yingkou area of Liaoning Province and the bioinformatics characteristics of its VP2 protein.One case of CPV-infected dog's feces was collected,and the viral DNA was extracted.The CPV VP2 gene was amplified and sequenced by PCR,and the key amino acid sites of the VP2 protein were compared to determine the CPV subtype.Then,the homology and genetic evolution of the VP2 nucleotides of the CPV strain were analyzed using MegAlign and MEGA 6.0 software.The physicochemical properties,transmembrane structure and advanced structure of the CPV VP2 protein were analyzed using bioinformatics software.The results showed that the full-length VP2 gene of the isolated CPV-LN1 strain was 1 755 bp,encoding 584 amino acids,and belonged to the CPV-2c subtype.The nucleotide homology of the CPV-LN1 VP2 gene with the reference strain's CPV VP2 gene was 98.9％to 99.9％,and it was in an independent small branch from the CPC-2c 855_CPV_HU strain.The CPV-LN1 VP2 protein was a hydrophilic protein without a transmembrane structure;It contained six potential N-glycosylation sites and 53 phosphorylation sites;it was mainly distributed in the cytoplasm(43.5％),the nucleus(34.8％),and the mitochondria(21.7％);Its secondary structure consisted of 4.62％α-helix,76.54％random coil,and 18.84％extended chain;It contained 19 antigenic determinants.Studies have shown that the CPV-LN1 strain belongs to the CPV-2c subtype.Its VP2 protein is a hydrophilic,non-transmembrane stable protein,and there are 12 antigenic epitopes with an amino acid number of≥7.

Abstract:The study aimed to understand the prevalence of Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae in large-scale sheep farms in Bijie District,Guizhou Province.From 2022 to 2024,1 390 samples of diseased tissues from sheep at different stages in large-scale farms in Bijie District were collected(nasal swabs,throat swabs,and lung tissues of dead sheep),and the samples were tested for Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae.The results showed that the total number of positive samples for Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae in sheep at different stages in large-scale farms in Bijie District during 2022 to 2024 was 141,with a positive rate of 10.14％(141/1 390).The positive rates in 2022,2023,and 2024 were 8.05％(36/447),10.75％(49/456),and 11.50％(56/487)respectively,showing an upward trend year by year.After analysis,the positive rates of Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae in lambs,fattening sheep,breeding sheep,and reserve breeding sheep were 13.62％(58/426),8.76％(34/388),7.28％(19/261),and 9.52％(30/315)respectively,with higher positive rates in lambs and reserve breeding sheep.Positive results for Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae were detected in samples collected in different seasons,with the positive rates of 11.35％(53/467)in spring and 11.93％(63/528)in winter being higher than those of 5.80％(12/207)in summer and 6.91％(13/188)in autumn.The study showed that during 2022 to 2024,the positive rates of Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae in lambs and reserve breeding sheep in large-scale sheep farms in Bijie District were higher,and the positive rates of Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae in sheep in spring and winter were higher than those in summer and autumn.

Abstract:The study aimed to isolate porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV)using the combination of porcine alveolar macrophages(PAMs)and Marc-145 cells,and to conduct genetic evolution analysis on the isolated virus.Three lung samples from a suspected PRRSV-positive pig herd in a certain area of Yunnan were collected.The processing solution was first inoculated onto PAMs,and when the cells showed obvious lesions,it was transferred to Marc-145 cells for virus isolation and culture.The ORF7 identification primer was used to confirm the isolation results,and RT-PCR was used to amplify the ORF5 gene for genetic evolution analysis.The results showed that a PRRSV with a titer of 10-6.57 TCID50/mL was isolated in this study,and it was named XW2025.The isolate was passaged in Marc-145 cells,causing stable lesions in the cells.The ORF7 identification primer could amplify a 432 bp target band;The nucleotide homology analysis of the ORF5 gene showed that the isolate XW2025 was 93.4%similar to the representative strain NADC30 of the American lineage,and the phylogenetic tree showed that it was in the same branch as the reference strain DANC30.The study demonstrated that a highly pathogenic PRRSV was successfully isolated in this experiment.

Abstract:The study aims to explore the effects of different feeding strategies on the growth performance of different types of suckling piglets.The experiment was divided into two parts,namely,the effects of creep feed and milk replacer on ultra-early weaning dominant piglets,and the effects of supplementary feeding of creep feed and milk replacer on weak piglets.Sixty-six 14-day-old grade A piglets were randomly divided into two groups,with three replicates in each group and 11 piglets in each replicate.Both groups of piglets underwent ultra-early weaning treatment.The control group 1 was fed dry mixed feed,while the test group 1 was fed porridge feed and the water source was disconnected.Another 44 14-day-old weak piglets were randomly divided into two groups,with three replicates in each group,two replicates had seven piglets and one replicate had eight piglets.Neither group of piglets was weaned.The control group 2 was supplemented with dry mixed feed,while the test group 2 was supplemented with tidal mixed feed.The test periods of both experiments were 8 days.The results showed that there was no significant difference in the initial and final weight of piglets between the control group 1 and test group 1(P>0.05),and the survival rate was 100.00%in both groups.The average daily feed intake of creep feed and milk replacer,feed to gain ratio and diarrhea rate of the piglets in the test group 1 were all higher than those in the control group 1(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in the initial weight and final weight of piglets between the control group 2 and test group 2(P>0.05),among which the final weight of the test group 2 was slightly higher than that of the control group 2.The average daily feed intake,average daily weight gain and feed to gain ratio of piglets in the test group 2 were slightly higher than those in the control group 2,but the differences were not significant(P>0.05).The survival rate of piglets in the control group 2 and test group 2 was 100.00%,with no deaths,culling or diarrhea.Studies have shown that with the promotion of high-yield sows,ultra-early weaning(at 14 days of age)can be carried out for suckling piglets.After weaning,they can be fed with a mixture of dry feed containing creep feed and milk replacer without affecting their growth performance.Weak piglets in the later stage of lactation can be supplemented with tidal mixed feed to reduce the lactation pressure on sows and enhance the growth potential of piglets.

Abstract:Bees are among the most important insects in nature,playing an irreplaceable role in maintaining ecological balance and agricultural production,while also providing by-products such as honey,propolis,and royal jelly.Bee parasitic diseases can lead to bee mortality,destruction of beehives,colony absconding,colony collapse,and reduced or complete loss of bee product yields,causing significant economic losses to the beekeeping industry.These diseases have become a major threat to the healthy development of beekeeping.This article reviews the pathogenic biological characteristics,epidemiological features,and prevention and control measures of bee parasitic diseases.Through systematic organization and analysis,it aims to provide references for the prevention and control of bee parasitic diseases,effectively reduce the incidence of bee diseases,and promote the healthy development of the beekeeping industry.