Abstract:Satisfaction evaluation of ecological civilization construction performance based on the importance-performance analysis(IPA)method is of great significance to broaden the dimensions of performance evaluation and accurately show the opportunities for priority improvement of evaluation indexes to meet the realistic needs of residents with different characteris-tics.Lhasa City is selected as the research object,the ecological civilization construction performance evaluation index system is constructed,the questionnaire survey of Lhasa residents is conducted by using IPA analysis and Likert scale,and the IPA quadrant diagram of the experience perception score is drawn.The results show that:(1)the results of the chi-square test(confidence level 95％)verified the significance of residents' gender,age,education,occupation and monthly income on the indicators of performance satisfaction(P＜0.05),indicating that the residents' own characteristics have a significant impact on performance satisfaction.(2)The average importance scores of all indicators are above 4,and only 2 indicators,air quality and social security,have average satisfaction scores of 4 and above,while the average satisfaction scores of other indicators range from 3.56 to 3.89.The results of the paired test show that the significance of the importance indicators and the satisfac-tion indicators have a P-value of significance less than 0.05,which suggests that the residents' expectation exceeds their satisfaction with the status quo,and the the difference between the two is significant.(3)IPA shows that four indicators in the indicator layer,such as pollution control,domestic waste disposal,wage and welfare level,and access to health care conve-nience,are concentrated in the high importance-low satisfaction zone in Quadrant Ⅳ,and that this quadrant positioning chang-es with different characteristics of the residents,which needs to be focused on refinement and improvement.The results of the study can provide theoretical guidance and practical reference for strengthening regional ecological civilization construction and sustainable management level improvement.

Abstract:At present,China's sewage treatment plants are generally faced with the problem of insufficient carbon sources and the difficult disposal of a large amount of residual sludge in the process of sewage nitrogen removal.After hydrolysis or fermentation of the residual sludge,small molecular organic matter is produced,which can be used as a carbon source for denitrification in sewage treatment.Therefore,residual sludge after treatment can be used as a carbon source for denitrification to improve the nitrogen removal effect and achieve sludge reduction.In this study,research on the use of carbon sources in residual sludge for denitrification is systematically reviewed.Two typical carbon source technologies for residual sludge treatment,thermal hydrolysis and anaerobic fermentation,and the application status of sludge carbon sources were reviewed,and the composition and influencing factors of the sludge supernatant treated by thermal hydrolysis and alkaline fermentation were analyzed.The effects of carbon sources in sludge on microbial communities during denitrification on denitrification performance were investigated.The denitrification performance of carbon sources in sludge was compared with that of other traditional carbon sources,and suggestions and prospects were proposed for future research on the use of carbon sources in residual sludge to enhance denitrification and nitrogen removal.The purpose of this study is to provide guidance for the research and application of residual sludge as a carbon source for denitrification.

Abstract:Through quantitative research on the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of ecosystem service value in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River under the background of land use change,the paper provides theoretical basis for rational land use and ecological governance in the basin,and helps implement the Yangtze River conservation strate-gy.Based on the land use data of Daye Lake Basin in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River obtained from six periods of remote sensing human-computer interactive interpretation from 1992 to 2021,combined with the revised equiva-lent factor table,land use dynamic attitude,sensitivity analysis,spatial autocorrelation and topographic analysis,the PLUS model was used to predict the land use situation in 2033 under multiple scenarios,so as to explore the spatio-temporal evolu-tion of ecosystem service value in Daye Lake Basin.The results showed that(1)The land use types in the Daye Lake Basin are dominated by forestland and cultivated land.The land use mainly undergoes transitions between cultivated land and con-struction land,and it is manifested by a substantial decrease in cultivated land and a rapid increase in construction land simulta-neously,which is influenced by human activities and the intensified process of urbanization.(2)In recent years,the land type changes frequently,the value of ecosystem services declines,and the ecological environment is destroyed.During the entire study period,forest land and water body were the main contributors of ecosystem service value.In the primary service type,the regulation service is the main contribution,and in the secondary services,the hydrological regulation is the main contri-bution.On the spatial scale,there are obvious differences in the ecosystem service value of Daye Lake Basin,and the hori-zontal spatial distribution of ecosystem service value has a certain aggregation degree.At the vertical spatial scale,the value of ecosystem services of each land use type initially increases and then decreases with the increase of the terrain gradi-ent.(3)In 2033,under the scenarios of natural development,cultivated land protection and ecological protection,the land use is mainly cultivated land and forest land,while the water area and construction land show an obvious expansion trend.Under the scenarios of cultivated land protection and ecological protection,the improvement of ecosystem service value in Daye Lake Basin is relatively significant.

Abstract:The integrated system of microbial fuel cell and constructed wetland(CWs-MFC)exhibits superior pollutant removal efficiency and lower greenhouse gas emissions compared to traditional constructed wetlands(CW).However,the influence of different anode materials on gas emissions in CWs-MFC systems remains unclear.In this study,three CWs-MFC systems with activated carbon(CW-MFC),manganese ore(MCW-MFC),and pyrite(PCW-MFC)as anodes,along with a control CW system,were constructed to analyze the dynamic patterns of greenhouse gas emissions during domes-tic wastewater treatment.Gas emission data were collected on the 4th and 7th days,and a comprehensive evaluation was conducted using the global warming potential(GWP).The results revealed that in the early stage of the experiment(day 4),the CWs-MFC systems significantly inhibited CH4 emissions.Compared to the CW system,the average CH4 emission fluxes of CW-MFC,MCW-MFC,and PCW-MFC were reduced by 59.7％,50.5％,and 120.0％,respectively(P＜0.05).The N2O and CO2 emission fluxes followed the order:PCW-MFC＞CW-MFC＞MCW-MFC＞CW.In the later stage of the experiment(day 7),CH4 emissions from PCW-MFC increased while N2O and CO2 emissions decreased,whereas CH4 emissions from MCW-MFC decreased but N2O and CO2 emissions increased.Overall,the average CH4 emissions from the CWs-MFC systems were reduced by 21.9％～127.0％compared to the CW system(P＜0.05),but N2O emissions from MCW-MFC and PCW-MFC increased by 51.6％and 226.0％,respectively.From the perspective of GWP,the GWP of MCW-MFC was re-duced by 98.1％compared to CW,while the GWP of PCW-MFC increased by 18.8％.The findings demonstrate that man-ganese ore,as an anode material,performs exceptionally well in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and lowering GWP,mak-ing it a more environmentally friendly choice.

Abstract:Soil heavy metal pollution is a critical challenge in global environmental governance,and its remediation is essen-tial for protecting soil ecological functions and ensuring the sustainable use of land resources.This review systematically ex-amines the evolution of soil heavy metal remediation technologies,highlighting key technological milestones and their scientif-ic driving mechanisms.Furthermore,the major research progress in this field is summarized,including core technological inno-vations,advancements in remediation theories,enhanced policy support,and the promotion of engineering practices,providing a comprehensive scientific foundation for pollution control.However,current remediation technologies still face limitations in applicability,high costs,and potential environmental risks.To address these challenges,future research should focus on the in-telligent and precise development of remediation technologies,explore synergistic"remediation-utilization"strategies,and strengthen international collaboration and policy guidance to promote the global progress of pollution control.By integrating technological innovation with interdisciplinary cooperation,soil heavy metal remediation is expected to achieve both ecologi-cal protection and socio-economic benefits,providing crucial support for the sustainable development of the global environ-ment.

Abstract:Phytoplankton overgrowth due to eutrophication in lakes(reservoirs)is one of the most serious problems facing freshwater ecosystems at present,and biological manipulation is considered to be an effective nature-based method to control algal overgrowth.A field mesocosm simulation experiment was established in Changkeng Reservoir to study the effects of different fish assemblage patterns on nutrient,phytoplankton densities and biomass in the experimental water body were observed and recorded.The results showed that different fish combination modes had no significant effect on TN and TP of the water body in the reservoir area,while the effects were more obvious on dissolved oxygen and chlorophyll a concentration,which were mainly reflected that the combination mode of silver carp and small-sized fish could significantly increase the dissolved oxygen concentration and decrease the concentration of chlorophyll a.Further analysis revealed that there were significant differences in the control effects on phytoplankton density and biomass between different fish combination pat-terns.Among them,the algal biomass of cyanobacteria,diatoms,and green algae in the combination of silver carp and small omnivorous fish was significantly reduced(P＜0.05),while the densities of cyanobacteria and diatoms were slightly increased,which probably suggests that the fish combination pattern effectively reduced the densities and biomasses of large-sized phytoplankton in the reservoir,and led to the miniaturization of the phytoplankton.Additionally,it was found that algal densi-ty and biomass increased significantly in the treatment group with only small omnivorous fish,mainly in algal abundance of Cyanobacteria,as well as algal biomass of Bacillariophyta and Pyrrophyta at the end of the experiment(P＜0.05),which may be due to the fact that the excess of small omnivorous fish enhances the predation pressure on zooplankton and attenuates its top-down effect.Therefore,when restoring or managing the water bodies in the reservoir area,the ecological regulation of small-sized fishes' population should be carried out at the same time of carrying out filter-feeding fish breeding and releasing,which in turn has an important role and significance in mitigating the outbreak of algal blooms in the reservoir.

Abstract:The groundwater in coral reef islands is of great significance for island ecosystem and economic development.Coral reef groundwater is an independent system floating in the sea.It is highly dynamic and fragile.There are two main influence factors to the formation,development,evolution,and water quality characteristic,one is the hydrogeological conditions of coral reef islands,and the other one is rainfall recharge.At the same time,it is highly sensitive to climate,marine factors/events,and human activities.In this study,the current research of the formation and development of coral reef islands groundwater is summarized.And the impacts of physical characteristics,geographical characteristics,climate environment,marine events,and human activities are analyzed respectively from long time scale and short term effects.It is pointed out that the influence of short-term factors led by human activities on groundwater has become a research hotspot in recent years.The main factors to groundwater and the driving mechanisms need to be polished.

Abstract:Based on the online observation data of CO2 concentration at Luancheng Station in Hebei from May 2018 to November 2019,the diurnal and seasonal variation characteristics of CO2,the influence of near-surface wind and regional transport were analyzes.The results showed that CO2 concentration was low in the evening and high in the morning,with the latest occurrence time of the lowest value in summer and the latest occurrence time of the highest value in winter.The back-ground CO2 concentrations exhibited a unimodal distribution,with the highest value in winter(515.18×10-6)and the lowest value in summer(388.17×10-6).The northwesterly wind had a cleansing effect on the CO2 concentration at Luancheng Station.In winter,due to high local emissions from coal combustion,the CO2 concentration was less affected by near-surface wind speed and direction.The air masses affecting the CO2 polluted concentration at Luancheng Station were mainly transported from short distances.In spring and summer,the pollution was mainly transported from northern Anhui via Henan and from Shandong.In autumn and winter,local air masses from the central and southern Hebei brought high CO2 concentrations.The primary potential emission source areas for CO2 at Luancheng Station were central and southern Hebei,Shandong,northern Henan,and northern Anhui.The high carbon emissions during the heating period in central and southern Hebei were the main cause of high CO2 concentrations in autumn and winter.

Abstract:In recent years,the geochemical characteristics of soil elements in cultivated land area are more and more favored by researchers.Through the investigation and analysis of the characteristics and distribution of metal elements in the soil in cultivated land area,it can provide help for the adjustment of agricultural structure and the development of characteris-tic agricultural products.Germanium,as a dilute element,has great application prospects in biomedical,electronic industry and optical industry,and is closely related to the growth of plants in soil.Based on the basis of 1∶50 000 topographic map,2 784 surface soil samples from the cultivated area of Yueyang County were collected,and the vertical profile results of differ-ent strata(22 points,a total of 148 samples)were added to compare the surface column samples,so as to help explain the causes of germanium enrichment.In the soil samples,heavy metal elements,nutrient elements(potassium,sodium,calcium and magnesium),organic carbon and other indicators were tested respectively,and the influence of soil pH value,organic matter content,land use type,soil type,soil parent matter and heavy metal content on the distribution characteristics of germa-nium in the cultivated land area was studied.The results showed that the average content of germanium in the surface soil of the study area was 1.547 mg/kg,Higher than the national background value,slightly lower than the soil background value of Hunan Province.Distribution is affected by soil matrix(mainly granite,plate shale,conglomerate),presents the characteristics of high northeast and low southwest.Germanium content in topsoil was negatively correlated with soil pH,organic carbon,Ca and Na,into a positive correlation with Mg and K,and widely distributed in the acid(pH＜6)and organic matter＜60 g/kg region.The main soil types in this region are mainly latent fertile rice soil,acidic purple soil and red soil.The main type of land use is the forest land,other grassland and orchards.Soil germanium content showed a significant positive correlation with arsenic,chromium,copper and zinc.A significant negative correlation with cadmium.It shows that the germanium element in the soil is closely related to the main heavy metal elements.Germanium content in the topsoil is up to 1.698 mg/kg in the Holocene alluvial formation unit.The germanium-rich formation units are mainly concentrated in the Baihuiting Formation and the Dongting Lake Formation.At the same time,the content of germanium in column soil is closely related to land use type and pH,while the correlation with organic matter and heavy metals is weakened,which indicates that the migration and enrichment of germanium in cylindrical soil is greatly influenced by land use type.

Abstract:Under the dual carbon targets,it is necessary to study the development levels of low-carbon competitiveness at different scales within the Yellow River Basin.This article takes the low-carbon competitiveness of 70 prefecture-level cities in the Yellow River Basin from 2010 to 2021 as the research object,constructs an evaluation system for low-carbon competi-tiveness from the economic,social,and environmental dimensions,and classifies the types of its spatiotemporal evolution while diagnosing the main obstacle factors.The results indicate that:(1)The low-carbon competitiveness scores in the Yellow River Basin show a significant upward trend over time,with the economic dimension scoring the highest,and the downstream region scoring the highest among all.(2)Low-level areas are mainly concentrated in the middle reaches,while high-level areas are primarily located in the Shandong Peninsula and provincial capital cities.The driving effects of the Taiyuan and Xi'an regions on their surrounding areas need to be strengthened.(3)There are certain differences in the influencing factors across various regions within the Yellow River Basin,but innovation capability and carbon sequestration capacity are the pri-mary obstacle factors.

Abstract:In order to study the morphology characteristics of brake wear particles generated during the braking process of motor vehicles,brake wear particle samples matched with different brake components were collected by using the brake simulation bench,and their morphology and element distribution characteristics were explored.The brake wear par-ticles with different morphologies were observed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and the typical morphology of each particle was clarified.The distribution characteristics of elements were summarized by EDS.The results of SEM and EDS show that the brake wear particles can be divided into four typical morphologies,including flake,agglomerate,rod and smooth particles.The flaky particles are mainly Fe,O and C;the elemental composition of agglomerated parti-cles:Fe and O are the main elements,including Cu and Ba.Based on the relationship between its morphology and ele-mental composition,it can be determined that agglomerated particles are typical particles produced by friction of brake pads.The elemental composition of rod-shaped particles is mainly Si and Al.Based on the morphology,it can be deter-mined that the rod-shaped particles are typical particles after the friction of the composite fibers added to the brake pads.The main elements of the smooth particles are mainly composed of C and O,and the distribution areas of C and O elements do not coincide.It can be determined that the smooth particles are typical graphite particles that have been rubbed off in the brake disc;the individual nano-sized particles can be determined to be formed by the fragmentation of agglomerated particles.

Abstract:The accounting of gross ecosystem product(GEP)for reservoirs is a crucial aspect of deeply implementing the concept that green mountains and clear waters are as valuable as mountains of gold and silver,and it is also a significant com-ponent of the development of a green water economy.Based on systematic research and analysis,combined with the actual sit-uation of reservoirs in Shenzhen,a GEP accounting index system for reservoirs in Shenzhen was constructed,including three primary indicators of material product supply,regulation services,and cultural services,and 13 secondary indicators such as fishery product supply,water resource supply,and reduction of sediment accumulation.GEP accounting was conducted using direct market method,alternative market method,and other methods,taking Gongming Reservoir in Shenzhen as an example.The results show that in 2023,the total value of ecological products of Gongming Reservoir will be 4.707 63 billion yuan,of which the value of regulation services is the largest(4.288 27 billion yuan),accounting for 91.09％of the total value of Gong-ming Reservoir;Next is the cultural service value(217.43 million yuan),accounting for approximately 4.62％;The supply val-ue of material products is the smallest(201.93 million yuan),accounting for 4.29％,but there is not much difference in value compared to cultural services.Based on the accounting results and thorough research,this paper analyzes the difficulties in re-alizing the ecological value of reservoirs in Shenzhen and proposes a path and model for realizing the ecological product val-ue.The research results can provide reference for the realization of ecological product value of reservoirs in Shenzhen.

Abstract:Microbial induced calcium carbonate precipitation(MICP)has been widely studied as a means of solidification/sta-bilization of contaminated soil,but there are few studies on in-situ simulation experiments and deep remediation of contaminat-ed soil.The results show that the remediation depth of the bio-infused gravel channel reaches the bottom layer of the model box(50 cm),and the optimal recovery rate of heavy metals reaches Cu(94.70％),Pb(68.98％)and Cd(58.79％).Pure water leaching rubble channels induce heavy metal migration,in which lead-cadmium ions migrate twice as much as biological perfusion.Through XRD and FTIR characterization of the most advantageous sites,the mechanism of heavy metal tailings remediation by bio-perfusion gravel channel was revealed:in addition to the bioadsorption of MICP itself,calcium carbonate adsorption and en-capsulation and the formation of heavy metal carbonate,the calcite powder carried by the gravel channel also adsorbed some heavy metals,so that the heavy metal passivation reduced its toxic leaching to achieve the heavy metal remediation effect.

Abstract:In recent years,the issue of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)contaminating soils has become increasing-ly severe,with soils serving as the ultimate"sink"for PAHs.The application and development of various remediation tech-nologies have progressed continuously,each with its own advantages and limitations.However,the effectiveness of these remediation processes is often constrained by multiple factors.This review systematically summarizes the applications of four remediation technologies-physical,chemical,biological,and combined remediation-on PAH-contaminated soils of different textures.It provides an in-depth analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of each technology,as well as the impacts of soil texture and environmental factors on degradation efficiency.Among them,microbial remediation and its en-hanced remediation techniques are primary methods to remove PAHs from contaminated soils.Combined remediation can leverage the synergistic effect of each technology to improve the remediation effect of PAH-contaminated soil.Soil texture and physicochemical parameters significantly influence the remediation effectiveness.Optimizing parameters based on soil characteristics and selecting appropriate remediation technologies can promote the development and application of remedia-tion technologies.

Abstract:The problem of microplastics pollution in the Three Gorges Reservoir is becoming more and more serious.Be-cause of its small particle size and large specific surface area,microplastics have become the carriers of harmful substances in the water environment.As a representative of the freshwater system,the horizontal and vertical migration of microplastics in the Three Gorges Reservoir shows complex behavior under the influence of hydrological process and hydrodynamic condi-tions.Biofilms not only accelerate the sedimentation of microplastics,but also affect their environmental behavior and direc-tion by changing the properties and structure of microplastics.This paper reviews the research progress on the interaction be-tween microplastics and biofilms,and discusses the characteristics and ecological risks of microplastics pollution in the Three Gorges Reservoir,aiming to provide scientific basis and reference for the treatment of microplastics pollution in the reservoir.

Abstract:After more than 20 years of continuous treatment,the water pollution control of Nanhu Lake has been continuous-ly deepened,and the main external pollution has been basically controlled,with significant improvement in water quality.But currently,Nanhu Lake is still at a moderate level of eutrophication and is prone to outbreaks of blue-green algae in summer.The overall trend of total phosphorus concentration in Nanhu is decreasing,with an average annual value decreasing from 0.370 mg/L in 2017 to 0.096 mg/L in 2024.The total phosphorus concentration shows significant seasonal fluctuations,with summer significantly higher than other seasons and reaching its highest value of the year in August.Through analysis,the pumping effect of algae growth and the release of phosphorus from sediments are the main reasons for the increase in total phosphorus concentration in Nanhu Lake during summer.

Abstract:In view of the problems of low influent COD and ammonia nitrogen concentrations of a municipal domestic sewage treatment plant in the south,this study systematically formulated the"one plant,one policy"quality improvement and efficiency improvement scheme through the"Ten Steps"of urban sewage treatment quality improvement and efficiency improvement.Through the five core measures of pipe network screening,sewage direct outlet rectification,external water intrusion treatment,drainage standard unit construction,and long-term management measures,a full chain comprehensive treatment system of"traceability-sewage interception-quality improvement-source control-operation and maintenance"was constructed.After the implementation of the measures,the influent COD concentration of the sewage treatment plant increased by 54.8％on average compared with the previous months,and the ammonia nitrogen concentration also showed an upward trend,which met the requirements of the city's influent quality.The results of quality improvement and efficiency improvement have been initially achieved,which can provides case support and solutions for other urban sewage treatment plants in southern China to improve quality and efficiency.

Abstract:Based on literature metrology,relevant papers on macrophyte degradation in the core database of Web of Science(WOS)from 2001 to 2024 were collected,the influencing factors leading to macrophyte degradation were analyzed,the possible degradation mechanism was discussed,and the ideas of alleviating macrophyte degradation were proposed.A total of 1 640 related papers were derived from the database.After manual screening,357 papers with high correlation were obtained.After co-occurrence analysis,it was found that the top six keywords with the frequency of influencing factors were:climate factors,nutrient,carbon,water depth,hydrodynamics,biological invasion.The degradation of macrophytes is the result of mul-tiple factors,and there are complex mechanisms.Based on this,five measures were put forward to alleviate the degradation of macrophytes,including control of exogenous nutrients,regulation of hydrology,regular dredging,strengthening of microbial action and preventing invasion of alien species.

Abstract:This study focuses on fly ash with free calcium oxide less than 10％as the main research object,and prepares mod-ified fly ash samples with bentonite content of 0％,4％,8％,12％,16％,20％,and 24％.By conducting combined tests of liquid limit and plastic limit,compaction test,permeability test,laser particle size analysis,X-ray fluorescence spectrometry analy-sis,and scanning electron microscope analysis on modified fly ash samples with different bentonite contents,the study summa-rizes the changes in physical properties of the modified fly ash samples with increasing bentonite content,the changes in per-meability coefficient with the effects of bentonite content,compaction degree,and flow time,and discusses the influence mechanism of bentonite modification on fly ash from the perspectives of particle distribution,mineral composition,and micro-structure.The results show that the addition of bentonite makes the modified fly ash have plasticity.With the increase in the content of bentonite,the maximum dry density of the modified fly ash increases linearly,and the optimum water content decreases as a quadratic function.The permeability coefficient of the modified fly ash decreases with the increase of bentonite content,and the reduction is more obvious with the increase of compaction degree.When the content of bentonite is greater than 20％,the permeability coefficient can be reduced to less than 10-7 cm/s.The permeability coefficient is affected by the flow time,and it changes gradually from decreasing to increasing and then stabilizing,or from decreasing to stabilizing.With the increase of bentonite content,the clay content in the improved fly ash increases,the effective particle size decreases,and new minerals such as phosphorite,sillimanite,sepiolite and hard zeolite are formed,thus improving the cementation ability of some particles of the improved fly ash and making the soil structure dense.Moreover,the addition of bentonite can effectively make up for the characteristics of large permeability and strong fluidity of fly ash,and can be applied to the engineering use of anti-seepage lining materials in special environments.

Abstract:Aiming at the problems of water environment destruction,domestic water pollution and gradual spreading of pro-duction sewage to deep aquifers caused by mining Shengquan coal mine,water samples of sandstone water in Shengquan well field of Xintai City were systematically collected,and 12 samples of sandstone water in Shengquan well field were used as the basis of the study.TDS,total hardness,pH,Ca2+,Mg2+,Fe3+,NH4+,Cl-,SO42-,HCO3-and K++Na+were selected as 11 water chemistry indicators for water quality evaluation.Paper trilinear diagram and ionic ratio analysis were used to reveal the water chemistry genesis and the formation mechanism of sandstone water.Secondly,the traditional Nemero index method,the improved Nemero index method,grey clustering method and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method based on the AHP-EWM calculation of the weights were applied to evaluate the water quality,and their evaluation results were compared respectively.The results show that the sandstone water samples in the Shengquan well field area are weakly acidic and alkaline,with the highest SO42-among the anions and the highest K++Na+among the cations,and the hydrochemical types are mainly of the HCO3·SO4-(K+Na)type and HCO3·SO4-(K+Na)·Mg·Ca type,and the sandstone ions in the water originated from the dissolution of salt rock and silicate weathering,the desulfurization is weak,the cation exchange adsorption is strong,and the water quality is obviously divided into two categories,category Ⅰ are all class Ⅰ water,applicable to domestic water.Compared with grey clustering method,fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method has better applicability.The results of the study can provide a useful reference for meeting the safety of domestic and industrial water use,and at the same time,provide a strong support for local water resources management and water environmental protection.