Abstract:Objective:To analyze the effect of health belief model(HBM)nursing intervention on patients with chronic respiratory failure.Method:A total of 160 patients with chronic respiratory failure admitted to the Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong from January 2021 to December 2023 were included as the research objects.They were grouped according to the random number table.The control group(80 cases)received conventional nursing,while the observation group(80 cases)received HBM nursing intervention in addition to conventional nursing.The medical coping questionnaire(MCMQ),health behavior(HPL),cardiopulmonary function were compared between the two groups.Result:After 4 weeks of nursing,the scores for avoidance and submission in the MCMQ of the observation group were lower than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After 4 weeks of nursing,the first-second maximal expiratory volume(FEV1),peak expiratory flow rate(PEF),MCMQ-impact score,Champion Health Belief Model(CHBMS),and HPL in the observation group were all higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:HBM nursing intervention is more helpful for patients with chronic respiratory failure to form the correct health behavior and improve lung function.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the factors influencing the occurrence of postoperative cognitive impairment in patients undergoing endovascular treatment for aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage(aSAH).Method:A total of 112 patients with aSAH who underwent parallel interventional procedures at Putian University Affiliated Hospital between June 2022 and June 2024 were selected as study subjects.Data were collected to investigate the occurrence of postoperative cognitive impairment and its associated factors.Result:Among 112 patients undergoing endovascular treatment for aSAH,64 developed postoperative cognitive impairment,while 48 maintained normal cognitive function.Univariate analysis revealed that hypertension,modified FISHER classification,Hunt-Hess classification,hyperhomocysteinemia(Hcy),and concomitant intraventricular hemorrhage were associated with postoperative cognitive impairment in patients undergoing aSAH intervention,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Age,smoking history,comorbid diabetes,coronary heart disease,gender,aneurysm location,multiple aneurysms,alcohol consumption history,aneurysm size,and interventional treatment modality were not associated with postoperative cognitive impairment in patients undergoing interventional treatment for aSAH,with no statistically significant differences(P>0.05).Logistic regression analysis revealed that hypertension,modified FISHER grade 3~4,Hunt-Hess grade 3~4,hyperhomocysteinemia,and concomitant intraventricular hemorrhage were significant risk factors for postoperative cognitive impairment in patients undergoing endovascular treatment for aSAH(P<0.05).Conclusion:Postoperative cognitive impairment in patients undergoing endovascular treatment for aSAH involves multiple factors including hypertension,Hunt-Hess classification,modified FISHER classification,hyperhomocysteinemia,and ventricular hemorrhage.Implementing targeted interventions for these factors holds promise for reducing or improving patients'cognitive function.

Abstract:Objective:The teaching model of integrating competition and teaching combines classroom teaching with competition activities,which can stimulate students'learning interest and cultivate their autonomous learning ability,innovative thinking,and practical application ability.Method:By retrieving relevant literatures on the integration of competition and teaching in nursing education from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI)database from January 1,2010 to March 14,2025,CiteSpace software was used for visual analysis of the literatures.Result:The keywords such as nursing,nursing major,skill competition,practical teaching,and teaching reform were the research hotspots in this field.The research field of integration of competition and teaching in nursing education had gradually attracted the attention of Chinese scholars.However,the cooperation between researchers and institutions needed to be improved.Conclusion:Nursing education should be deeply integrated with multiple disciplines,innovate with the help of digital technology,construct a more complete system of integration of competition and teaching in nursing education,and promote the in-depth development of integration of competition and teaching in nursing education.

Abstract:Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by high rates of disability and mortality,significantly impairing patients'quality of life.Although modern medical treatments have made progress,therapeutic agents like biologics carry limitations such as an increased risk of infections and malignancies.Traditional Chinese Medicine compound formulas exhibit unique advantages in RA treatment due to their characteristics of multi-component,multi-target,and multi-pathway synergistic actions.Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction originates from an ancient formula,possesses the effects of boosting qi and warming the meridians,harmonizing nutrient and defense aspects,and dispelling wind and removing impediment.These effects align with the core pathogenesis of the qi-blood deficiency pattern in RA.This article reviews the historical development,compatibility theory,modern pharmacology,and clinical applications of Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction,aiming to promote its precise application in RA management.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy and postoperative complication control of circular suture suspension technique in laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal hernia repair.Method:A total of 80 patients with inguinal direct hernias treated at Rugao Fourth People’s Hospital from August 2020 to August 2024 were selected as the research objects.All patients underwent laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal hernia repair.Patients were grouped based on surgical technique,with the control group receiving simple continuous suturing and the study group undergoing circular suture suspension.Clinical outcomes between the two groups were compared.Result:There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in postoperative length of hospital stay,intraoperative blood loss,and wound infection rates(P>0.05).The incidence of foreign body sensation and hospitalization costs were lower in the study group than in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusion:In the treatment of inguinal direct hernias via laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal herniorrhaphy,the circular suture suspension technique demonstrates excellent efficacy in improving patient outcomes.It also offers significant advantages in controlling postoperative complications and cost-effectiveness,thereby reducing the financial burden on patients.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the effectiveness of a safety nursing protocol based on Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point(HACCP)theory during the perioperative period for patients with limb fractures.Method:A total of 96 patients undergoing surgery for limb fractures admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College between February 2023 and March 2025 were enrolled.Using a random number table,they were divided into a study group and a control group,each comprising 48 patients.The control group received routine perioperative care,while the study group implemented a safety-focused nursing protocol based on HACCP theory.The Barthel Index(BI),Disability-Adjusted Life Expectancy(DASH)scale,Lower Extremity Function Score(LEFS)scale,nursing quality compliance rate,and complication incidence were compared between the two groups.Result:After intervention,BI,DASH scores,LEFS scores,and nursing quality compliance rates were significantly higher in the study group than in the control group,while the incidence of complications was lower in the study group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusion:Safety care protocols based on HACCP theory can effectively promote postoperative functional recovery in patients with limb fractures,enhance nursing quality,and reduce the risk of complications.

Abstract:Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of aminocaproic acid combined with carboxymethyl colchicine and amantadine in patients with postpartum hemorrhage due to uterine atony(PPH).Method:A total of 80 PPH patients with uterine atony admitted at China Guizhou Airlines Group 302 Hospital between January 2021 and January 2025 were enrolled.They were randomly divided into two groups of 40 patients using a random number table method.The control group received carboxymethyl colchicine and amantadine,while the observation group received aminocaproic acid combined with carboxymethyl colchicine and amantadine.The postpartum hemorrhage volume,coagulation factors,and treatment safety were compared between the two groups.Result:Compared with the control group,the observation group showed significantly lower hemorrhage volumes at 2 h and 24 h postpartum,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The observation group also demonstrated higher fibrinogen(FIB)levels,lower D-dimer(D-D)levels,and shorter prothrombin time(PT)and activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT)compared to the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Adverse reactions were comparable between the two groups,with statistically significant differences(P>0.05).Conclusion:Aminocaproic acid combined with carboxymethyl colchicine and amantadine effectively reduces postpartum hemorrhage volume and improves coagulation factor levels in patients with PPH due to uterine atony,without significantly increasing adverse reactions.

Abstract:Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of combined vitrectomy(PPV)with disinfected air and triamcinolone for the treatment of idiopathic epiretinal membrane(IERM),providing a reference for clinical treatment options.Method:A total of 100 patients with IERM admitted to Yichang Aier Eye Hospital from February 2022 to January 2025 were randomly assigned to Group A(n=50)and Group B(n=50).Group A received PPV combined with sterile air treatment,while Group B received PPV combined with triamcinolone treatment.The optimal best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA),central macular thickness(CMT),intraocular pressure,and incidence of complications were compared between the two groups at baseline and at 1 week,1 month,3 months,and 6 months postoperatively.Result:The BCVA at 1 month,3 months,and 6 months postoperatively was lower in Group B than in Group A,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Intraocular pressure at 1 week postoperatively was lower in Group B than in Group A,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The incidence of complications was lower in Group B than in Group A,with no statistically significant difference(P>0.05).Conclusion:The combination of PPV and triamcinolone demonstrates superior efficacy compared to disinfected air therapy in treating IERM,further improving patient vision,reducing CMT,and lowering intraocular pressure.

Abstract:Objective:To explore the application of the integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine risk management model in the prevention of catheter-related bloodstream infection(CRBSI)in hemodialysis centers.Method:A total of 80 maintenance hemodialysis(MHD)patients admitted to the Longyan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from April 2024 to April 2025 were divided into a control group(40 cases,conventional nursing intervention)and a combination group(40 cases,integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine risk management model)by random number table method.The catheter indwelling time,incidence of CRBSI,self-efficacy,occurrence of unexpected events and nursing satisfaction of the two groups were compared.Result:The indwelling time of the catheter in the combination group was higher than that in the control group,and the incidence of CRBSI was lower than that in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Before the nursing care,there was no statistically significant difference in the comparison of the two groups'self-efficacy(P>0.05).After the nursing care,the self-efficacy level increased,and the combined group had a higher level than the control group.The incidence of adverse reactions was lower in the combined group than in the control group,and the nursing satisfaction rate was higher in the combined group than in the control group.All these differences were statistically significant.(P<0.05).Conclusion:The application of the integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine risk management model in catheter care in hemodialysis centers can effectively prolong the indwelling time of catheters,significantly reduce the incidence of CRBSI and other unexpected events,and also improve patients'self-efficacy and nursing satisfaction.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the predictive role of serum procalcitonin(PCT),high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),and B-type natriuretic peptide(BNP)in acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)complicated by respiratory failure(RF).Method:A retrospective analysis of clinical data from 100 patients with COPD complicated by RF admitted to Jiangning Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Nanjing from January 2021 to June 2025 was conducted.Patients were categorized based on acute exacerbation status into an acute exacerbation group(n=36)and a non-acute exacerbation group(n=64),and further classified by prognosis into a favorable prognosis group(n=73)and an unfavorable prognosis group(n=27).The levels of BNP,PCT,and hs-CRP were compared to assess their predictive value for acute exacerbations and their association with poor prognosis.Result:The levels of PCT,BNP,and hs-CRP were higher in the acute exacerbation group than in the non-acute exacerbation group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).PCT,BNP,and hs-CRP were risk factors for acute exacerbations in COPD patients with RF(OR>1).The AUC values for predicting acute exacerbations using these three markers individually and in combination were 0.738,0.768,0.666,and 0.893,respectively.Patients in the poor prognosis group exhibited significantly higher levels of PCT,BNP,and hs-CRP compared to those in the favorable prognosis group,indicating a positive correlation with poor clinical outcomes,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Serum PCT,BNP,and hs-CRP,whether measured individually or in combination,demonstrate high predictive value for acute exacerbations in COPD patients with risk factors,and the levels of these three markers are positively correlated with poor patient outcomes.

Abstract:Objective:Exploring the effects of ultrasound combined with C-arm X-ray on pulsed radiofrequency of dorsal root ganglia and injection of platelet-rich plasma on cytokines during the subacute stage of herpetic neuralgia.Method:A total of 49 patients with herpetic neuralgia who were admitted to the Dongguan First Hospital Affiliated to Guangdong Medical University from July 1,2023 to December 31,2024 were selected as the research subjects.They were randomly divided into the observation group(25 cases)and the control group(24 cases)using the random number table method.Both groups underwent ultrasound-guided combined C-arm X-ray guided pulsed radiofrequency pain relief surgery under local infiltration anesthesia.At the end of the radiofrequency procedure,the observation group(PP group)was given 1%lidocaine 2 mL+platelet-rich plasma 2 mL,totaling 4 mL,while the control group(P group)was given 1%lidocaine 2 mL+0.9%sodium chloride 2 mL,totaling 4 mL.The levels of cytokines[(pro-inflammatory factors:interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-8(IL-8)and tumor necrosis factor(TNF),anti-inflammatory factor:interleukin-10(IL-10),oxidative factors:indole 2-hydroxylase(IDO),total plasma homocysteine(tHcy),melatonin(MLT)]before the operation and 7 days after the operation were recorded.Before and 1,7 days,1,3,and 6 months after the operation,the nature of pain(pain numerical rating scale(NRS)and attack frequency),and secondary injuries(hematoma,nerve,pneumothorax,infection).Result:Compared with the preoperative levels,the levels of factors IL-6,IL-8,TNF,IL-10 and melatonin(MLT)in both groups decreased significantly at 7 days postoperatively,while the levels of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase(IDO)and plasma total homocysteine(tHcy)increased significantly,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Compared with the P group,the levels of factors IL-6,IL-8,TNF,IL-10 and melatonin(MLT)in the PP group decreased more significantly at 7 days postoperatively,while the levels of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase(IDO)and plasma total homocysteine(tHcy)increased more significantly,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Compared with the P group,the VAS scores and attack frequencies in the PP group at 1,3 and 6 months postoperatively were lower,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).No adverse events were observed in either group.Conclusion:The combination of pulsed radiofrequency of dorsal root ganglion of spinal nerve and platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of acute herpes zoster neuralgia has a good effect,reduces inflammatory factors during the acute herpes zoster neuralgia period,and has a certain intervention effect on the transformation to PHN.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the clinical value of combining computed tomography perfusion(CTP)and diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI)in the evaluation of ischemic stroke.Method:A total of 120 patients with ischemic stroke admitted to Baiyin Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine from December 2021 to December 2024 were enrolled.All patients underwent both CTP and MRI DWI examinations.The diagnostic efficacy of the two modalities for ischemic stroke,the assessment of the ischemic penumbra,and the correlation with clinical outcomes were analyzed.Result:The diagnostic efficacy of combining CTP with MRI DWI for ischemic stroke was significantly superior to either examination alone,demonstrating higher sensitivity and specificity.The AUC of the combined diagnosis reached 0.850,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Furthermore,the combined application allowed more accurate assessment of the ischemic penumbra,whose volume showed a significant positive correlation with the 90-day modified Rankin Scale score(r=0.678,P<0.001).Conclusion:The combination of CTP and MRI DWI provides a comprehensive evaluation of ischemic stroke from both hemodynamic and molecular diffusion perspectives,offering critical insights for clinical management and prognostic assessment.

Abstract:Objective:To explore the impact of the Health Belief Model(HBM)tracking care combined with character advantage intervention strategy on the health belief,self-care ability,and psychology of sepsis patients.Method:82 sepsis patients admitted to Wuxi People's Hospital from April 2023 to April 2025 were selected and divided into two groups using a random number table method,with 41 patients in each group.The control group received routine nursing care,while the observation group received HBM tracking care combined with character advantage intervention on the basis of the control group.The changes in health belief,self-care abilities,and psychological states were compared between two groups.Result:After intervention,the Chinese version of the Health Belief Scale(CHBMS)and Self Care Ability Scale(ESCA)scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group in all dimensions,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS)score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).Conclusion:The combination of HBM tracking care and character advantage intervention can effectively improve the health beliefs of sepsis patients,enhance their self-care ability,and alleviate their negative psychology.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the effects of nalbuphine epidural patient-controlled analgesia on postoperative pain relief and gastrointestinal function recovery in gastrointestinal surgery patients.Method:A total of 84 patients undergoing elective gastrointestinal surgery at Putian First Hospital between January 2021 and January 2022 were enrolled in this study.Patients were entered into the computer system in order of admission and randomly assigned to two groups using a random number table,with 42 patients in each group.The control group received sufentanil combined with ropivacaine,while the observation group received nalbuphine combined with ropivacaine.At various postoperative time points,the Numerical Rating Scale(NRS)and Ramsay Sedation Scale(RSS)were used to evaluate postoperative analgesia and sedation efficacy.The time to gastrointestinal function recovery,analgesic pump usage within 48 hours postoperatively,and the number of rescue analgesia administrations were recorded for both groups.The incidence of postoperative adverse reactions was observed.Result:At 4,12,24,and 48 hours postoperatively,both static and dynamic NRS scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in RSS scores between the two groups at any postoperative time point(P>0.05).The total number of pump presses and the actual analgesic dosage administered via the analgesic pump were lower in the observation group than in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P>0.05).The number of cases requiring rescue analgesia was lower in the observation group than in the control group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).Conclusion:Epidural patient-controlled analgesia with nalbuphine demonstrates favorable outcomes in gastrointestinal postoperative patients,providing effective analgesia and sedation.It accelerates gastrointestinal recovery,reduces anesthetic drug consumption,and maintains excellent safety.

Abstract:Objective:The impact of multi-level nursing on patients with schizophrenia under the analysis of potential risky behaviors.Method:According to different nursing method,90 patients with schizophrenia admitted to the Jingjiang Second People's Hospital from September 2022 to April 2024 were divided into two groups.The control group(45 cases)received routine nursing care,while the observation group(45 cases)received multi-level nursing care combined with potential risk behavior analysis.The incidence rates of social function,negative emotions,and risk behavior were compared between the two groups.Result:The incidence of risky behaviors in the observation group was that was lower than in the control group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).The personal and social performance(PSP)and scale of social function in Psychosis Patients(SSPI)scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA)and Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)scores were lower than those in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusion:The application effect of multi-level nursing under potential dangerous behavior analysis in patients with schizophrenia can promote their social function improvement,reduce aggressive behavior,alleviate negative emotions,and assist in improving clinical symptoms.

Abstract:Objective:To explore the application effect of mometasone furoate spray combined with nasal irrigation in patients with sinusitis undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery,and analyze its impact on visual simulation scores and quality of life.Method:A total of 122 patients with sinusitis who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery in Quanzhou Qianqiao District Hospital and Fujian Medical University Affiliated First Hospital from February 2024 to February 2025 were selected as the research subjects.They were randomly divided into two groups using the random number table method,namely the control group(n=61,treated with endoscopic sinus surgery+mometasone furoate spray)and the observation group(n=61,treated with endoscopic sinus surgery+mometasone furoate spray+nasal irrigation).The changes in efficacy rates,pain levels,nasal functions and other related indicators between the groups were compared.Result:The treatment effectiveness rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).The visual analogue scores(VAS)of the observation group at 1 month and 2 months after treatment were lower than those of the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The nasal function and quality of life scores of both groups at 2 months after treatment showed significant changes compared to those before treatment,and the change amplitude in the observation group was greater.The data of various nasal function indicators such as nasal airway resistance and olfactory function were better in the observation group than in the control group,and the scores of various quality of life items were lower in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:During endoscopic sinus surgery,the combination of mometasone furoate spray and nasal irrigation has a better effect,which can promote the recovery of nasal function,improve the quality of life,and help relieve pain and other uncomfortable symptoms.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the value of high-frequency color Doppler ultrasound(HUFS)in the diagnosis of breast cancer(BC).Method:A total of 90 patients suspected of having breast cancer who underwent physical examinations at Civil Aviation General Hospital from January 2021 to April 2024 were selected as the research subjects.All patients underwent breast mammography X-ray and HUFS diagnosis,and the diagnostic specificity,sensitivity,accuracy,positive predictive value,and negative predictive value were calculated.Result:The pathological diagnosis was positive in 68 cases.77 cases were diagnosed by HUFS and 70 cases by breast mammography X-ray.The specificity of HUFS was 91.67％(11/12),the sensitivity was 97.44％(76/78),the accuracy was 96.67％(87/90),the positive predictive value was 98.70％(76/77),and the negative predictive value was 84.62％(11/13).These values were higher than those of breast mammography X-ray,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in the malignant stages between the two groups(Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,and Ⅳ stage groups)(P>0.05).Conclusion:The breast molybdenum target X-ray photography and HUFS technology have shown significant value in the identification and evaluation of breast cancer.HUFS technology can significantly improve the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of diagnosis,which provides strong support for the early detection and precision treatment of breast cancer.

Abstract:Objective:This study aimed to observe the clinical rehabilitation efficacy of myofascial trigger point(MTrPs)compression combined with muscle energy technique(MET)in patients after meniscus injury surgery.Method:A total of 40 postoperative meniscus injury patients admitted to the Chongqing Ninth People's Hospital between January and October 2025 were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group,with 20 cases in each group.The control group received MET on the basis of routine rehabilitation training,while the experimental group received additional MTrPs compression therapy in combination with MET.Both groups were treated once daily for two weeks.Pain,active range of motion of the knee joint,knee joint function,and activities of daily living(ADL)were assessed before and after the 2-week intervention.Result:Before treatment,there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in general characteristics and postoperative course(P>0.05).After intervention,pain relief,knee joint ROM,knee joint function,and ADL scores were significantly higher than those before the treatment,and the experimental group was significantly higher than the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).In addition,the overall effective rate was 75%in the control group and 95%in the experimental group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:MTrPs compression combined with MET can effectively relieve pain,increase knee joint mobility,improve knee motor function,enhance activities of daily living,and improve overall treatment efficacy in patients after meniscus injury surgery.

Abstract:Objective:To observe the clinical nursing of wrist ankle acupuncture combined with auricular point sticking in the treatment of postoperative pain of mixed hemorrhoids.Method:100 patients with mixed hemorrhoids who received surgical treatment in Longyan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Xiamen University were selected as the research object.The admission time was from January to June 2025.The patients were randomly divided into two groups,50 cases in each group,and the prospective analysis was performed.The control group received routine nursing intervention,and the observation group received wrist ankle acupuncture combined with auricular point sticking nursing intervention.The rest pain,activity pain,sleep quality and mood improvement were compared between the two groups at different time points after operation.Result:the visual analogue scale(VAS)scores of the two groups at different time points after operation were lower in the observation group than those in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The scores of Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)and Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI)in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusion:Wrist Ankle acupuncture combined with auricular point sticking therapy can effectively relieve the postoperative pain of patients with mixed hemorrhoids,improve their mood and sleep quality.

Abstract:Objective:To study the effect of rigid and flexible ureteroscopy on patients with upper and middle ureteral calculi complicated with ipsilateral kidney calculi.Method:In this retrospective study,112 patients were selected and admitted to the Shenzhen Bao’an Shiyan People's Hospital from January 2023 to December 2024.All of them were diagnosed with upper and middle ureteral calculi with ipsilateral kidney calculi,and were treated by surgery.According to the surgical methods,they were divided into two groups,the control group(56 cases)was treated with transurethral ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy,and the observation group(56 cases)was treated with transurethral ureteroscopy combined with rigid ureteroscopy.The surgical indicators,postoperative complication rate,stone clearance rate,recurrence rate of stones,and rate of secondary stone surgery were compared between the two groups.Result:The operation time between the two groups was compared,and there was no statistically significant difference(P>0.05).The intraoperative blood loss and hospitalization time of the two groups were compared,and the observation group was better than the control group.The stone clearance rate of the two groups was compared,and the observation group was better than the control group.The incidence of postoperative complications and recurrence of stones in the two groups were compared with the rate of secondary lithotripsy,and the observation group was better than the control group,and there were statistically significant differences.The statistics showed that it was significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Rigid ureteroscope combined with flexible ureteroscope can effectively treat upper and middle ureteral calculi with ipsilateral kidney calculi,with less blood loss,shorter hospitalization time,fewer postoperative complications,higher stone clearance rate,lower recurrence rate of stones and lower rate of secondary lithotripsy,which is worthy of clinical application.