Abstract:Objective To conduct a scoping review on the current state of application,key components,and effec-tiveness of mobile health(mHealth)in frail older adults.Methods The scope reviews guidelines released by the Joanna Briggs Institute(JBI)in Australia was used as the methodological framework.PubMed,Embase,CINAHL,The Cochrane Library,CNKI,WanFang,and VIP databases were systematically retrieved.The search period spanned from the incep-tion of each database to January 5,2025.The retrieved literature was summarized and analyzed.Results A total of 17 studies were included.The forms of mHealth interventions encompassed mobile Apps,WeChat mini-programs,wearable devices,and web-based platforms.The application of mHealth in frail older adults primarily involved frailty prediction as-sessment and screening,transitional care,personalized intervention,and providing health behavior guidance.Outcome measures included physical function,the accuracy and effectiveness of frailty prediction/assessment,psychological status and social support,nutritional and cognitive status,feasibility and acceptance.Conclusion The application of mHealth demonstrates advantages in the management of frail older adults and can effectively improve their health outcomes and qual-ity of life.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the mediating role of diabetic distress in the relationship between the fear of disease progression and quality of life among elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods A conve-nience sampling approach was employed.A total of 226 elderly inpatients with T2DM from the First Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine between January and October 2024 were recruited as the study sub-jects.General information questionnaires,the Diabetes-Specific Quality of Life Scale,the Simplified Fear of Progression Questionnaire,and the Diabetes Distress Scale were utilized to collect data and assess the quality of life,fear of disease progression,and the level of diabetic distress.Pearson correlation analysis was carried out to explore the correlations among the scores of diabetic distress,the fear of disease progression,and quality of life in elderly T2DM patients.The me-diating effect of diabetic distress was examined using the Amos23.0 software in combination with the Bootstrap method(with 5 000 resamples).Results The total score of quality of life among elderly T2DM patients was 84.93±12.15,the score of the fear of disease progression was 36.10±12.16,and the score of diabetic distress was 56.59±12.41.Correla-tion analysis revealed that the quality of life score was positively correlated with both the fear of disease progression score(r=0.63,P<0.001)and the diabetic distress score(r=0.60,P<0.001).Mediation analysis demonstrated that the fear of disease progression had a significant direct effect on quality of life,with an effect size of 0.41(95%CI:0.27-0.55,P<0.05),accounting for 65.08%of the total effect.Additionally,diabetic distress played a partial mediating role between the two,with an indirect effect size of 0.22(95%CI:0.09-0.34,P<0.05),accounting for 34.92%of the total effect.Conclusions The fear of disease progression has a direct negative influence on the quality of life of elderly T2DM pa-tients,and diabetic distress plays a partial mediating role.Clinically,it is necessary to simultaneously focus on cognitive interventions for the fear of disease progression and emotional management of diabetic distress to interrupt the vicious cycle of"the fear of disease progression→diabetic distress→decline in quality of life"and enhance the quality of life of patients.

Abstract:Objective To observe the application effect of picture dialogue-based health education in elderly pa-tients with iron deficiency anemia(IDA)in the community.Methods A total of 92 elderly patients with IDA treated in the Department of Hematology of Dazhou Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital from January 2024 to January 2025 were selected as the study subjects.They were divided into two groups using a random number table meth-od,with 46 cases in each group.Both groups received conventional iron supplementation and dietary guidance.The con-trol group received conventional health education,while the observation group received additional picture dialogue-based health education.Evaluations were conducted after 8 weeks of intervention.A self-designed IDA knowledge questionnaire was used to assess health knowledge awareness,the Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire(MCMQ)was used to evaluate coping styles,the Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA)and Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)were used to assess negative emotions,the Self-Efficacy Scale was used to evaluate self-efficacy,the World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief Scale(WHOQOL-BREF)was used to measure quality of life,and the Newcastle Satisfaction with Nursing Scale was used to assess nursing satisfaction.Health knowledge awareness,coping styles,negative emotions,self-efficacy,quality of life,and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups before and after the intervention.Results After the intervention,health knowledge awareness increased in both groups,with the observation group showing higher levels(all P<0.05).HAMA and HAMD scores decreased in both groups,with the observation group showing lower scores(all P<0.05).The scores of the"yield"and"avoidance"dimensions in the MCMQ decreased in both groups,with the observation group showing lower scores(all P<0.05).The score of the"confrontation"dimension in the MCMQ increased in both groups,with the observation group showing higher scores(all P<0.05).Scores on the Self-Efficacy Scale and WHOQOL-BREF increased in both groups,with the observation group showing higher scores(all P<0.05).The nursing satisfaction scores of the observation group and the control group were 85.19±4.72 and 78.14±4.95,respectively,with the observa-tion group scoring higher than the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Compared with conventional health education,picture dialogue-based health education can effectively improve health knowledge awareness,coping styles,negative emo-tions,self-efficacy,quality of life,and nursing satisfaction in elderly patients with iron deficiency anemia.

Abstract:Objective To establish an information management platform for comprehensive geriatric assessment(CGA)and explore its application.Methods A multidisciplinary team was formed to develop the CGA information plat-form.Based on domestic and international guidelines and expert consensus,CGA items and tools were screened and deter-mined,and evidence-based personalized health guidance recommendations were formulated.The platform was constructed with three main interfaces:homepage,assessment,and results/health guidance.The Likert 5-point scaling method was used to assess the usefulness,information quality,interface quality and overall impression of the platform by geriatric nurs-es who used it.Results The platform could conduct assessments across 15 domains,including physical function,nutri-tion,cognition,sleep,depression,frailty,sarcopenia,swallowing disorders,and urinary incontinence,generating a CGA report and health guidance recommendations.The multidisciplinary team implemented personalized health interven-tions for patients identified as at-risk through screening,achieving closed-loop management of"assessment-intervention-fol-low-up"for both outpatient and inpatient elderly patients.A total of 86 geriatric department nurses used the platform to complete 3 930 CGAs.The platform received high ratings across key dimensions:usefulness 4.76±0.53,information quality 4.70±0.58,interface quality 4.74±0.51,and overall evaluation 4.74±0.51.Conclusion The CGA informa-tion management platform is successfully established,which is highly feasible and good usability.

Abstract:Telemedicine,as an emerging medical service model,is playing an increasingly important role in the field of chronic disease management.It breaks through the constraints of time and space for doctor-patient communication,and enhancing its convenience.The primary platforms supporting telemedicine include video consultations and mobile health applications,which can provide personalized guidance for patients with chronic diseases,improve treatment adherence,and increase patient satisfaction.However,challenges and limitations remain,such as the complexity of technology opera-tion and insufficient patient adaptability.In the future,it is necessary to deeply integrate artificial intelligence,promote multidisciplinary collaboration and community involvement,thereby comprehensively improving the efficiency and preci-sion of communication between chronic disease patients and healthcare teams.

Abstract:Prediabetes mellitus represents a critical window for preventing and managing type 2 diabetes mellitus.However,diagnostic criteria remain inconsistent,and the affected population in China is substantial.The deep integration of digital technology and medicine offers a new approach for the precision management of individuals with prediabetes melli-tus,incorporating multifaceted interventions such as diet,exercise,blood glucose monitoring,and cognitive behavioral therapy.This article reviews the background of technology empowerment interventions and their applications in the man-agement of prediabetes mellitus,provides recommendations,and aims to offer insights supporting management strategies for prediabetic mellitus patients in China.

Abstract:Objective To systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy of cement-augmented proximal femoral nail anti-rotation(PFNA)compared with conventional PFNA in the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients.Methods Relevant studies comparing cement-augmented PFNA(augmentation group)with conventional PFNA(control group)for intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients were retrieved from CNKI,WanFang,VIP,SinoMed,PubMed,Embase,and The Cochrane Library.Both randomized controlled trials(RCTs)and non-randomized controlled studies(nRCTs)were included.The Cochrane risk of bias tool was applied for RCTs,while the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used for nRCTs.The search covered January 2015 to January 2024.Data were analyzed using RevMan 5.3 software.Results A total of 16 studies were included(8 RCTs and 8 nRCTs).Meta-analysis demonstrated that the augmentation group had significantly shorter time to early postoperative weight-bearing(MD=-3.54,95%CI:-4.37--2.71),shorter fracture healing time(MD=-2.22,95%CI:-3.89--0.55),higher Harris hip scores at 3 months(MD=6.11,95%CI:2.29-9.94)and 6 months postoperatively(MD=6.07,95%CI:5.33-6.80),lower overall complication rate(RR=0.30,95%CI:0.18-0.48)and longer operative time(MD=5.39,95%CI:2.43-8.34)compared with the control group(all P<0.01).No significant differences were observed between groups in intraoperative blood loss(MD=0.09,95%CI:-5.81-5.35,P=0.97)or length of hospital stay(MD=-1.70,95%CI:-3.86-0.45,P=0.12).Conclusion Com-pared with conventional PFNA,cement-augmented PFNA can accelerate early postoperative weight-bearing and fracture healing,improve hip function at 3 and 6 months,and reduce the overall incidence of postoperative complications in elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures.

Abstract:With the accelerating trend of population aging in China,the prevalence of chronic diseases has been steadily increasing.In response to these demographic challenges,the healthcare service system has prioritized proactive health management as a key strategy for chronic disease prevention and control.Driven by the rapid advancement of digital and intelligent technologies,digital intelligence empowering proactive health management has broken through the limita-tions of traditional models.By accurately identifying individual characteristics and health needs,it enables population health stratification and supports the development of personalized management plans.It has become an important develop-ment direction for chronic disease management.This paper aims to provide an overview of the digital intelligence-empow-ered proactive health management model,systematically summarize the key technologies,implementation pathways,and practical outcomes,and analyze existing challenges and future prospects,with the goal of offering a reference for enhanc-ing the quality of chronic disease health management in China.

Abstract:Objective To conduct an evidence-based evaluation of the efficacy of aripiprazole versus quetiapine in the treatment of geriatric schizophrenia.Methods The PubMed,The Cochrane Library,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database,CNKI,VIP,and WanFang Data were searched by computer to collect relevant literature on the effect study of aripiprazole and quetiapine in the comparative treatment of elderly schizophrenia.The search published between January 1994 to February 2025.Meta-analysis of the effect indicators was performed using RevMan 5.3 software.Results A to-tal of 16 RCTs involving 1 480 patients were included.The Meta-analysis revealed that compared with quetiapine,aripip-razole had a higher marked-effective rate(OR=1.53,95%CI:1.23-1.91,P=0.000 2)and a higher effective rate(OR=1.95,95%CI:1.41-2.70,P<0.001),higher Positive And Negative Mental Symptom Rating Scale(PANSS)scores(MD=-4.56,95%CI:-8.44--0.68,P=0.02).Moreove,the incidence of adverse reactions aripiprazole(24.08%)was lower than that in quetiapine(39.45%)(OR=0.43,95%CI:0.33-0.57,P<0.01).There was no statistically significant difference in the effect of aripiprazole and quetiapine on blood glucose(MD=0.54,95%CI:-1.47-2.56,P=0.60).Conclusion Aripiprazole is superior to quetiapine in marked-effective rate and effective rate,with a lower incidence of adverse reactions for the treatment of geriatric schizophrenia.

Abstract:Objective To analyze the effect of implementing multimodal rehabilitation nursing technology in elderly patients with stress urinary incontinence(SUI)complicated with pelvic organ prolapse(POP).Methods A total of 120 elderly patients with SUI and POP who visited the Gynecology Outpatient Clinic of the Central Hospital District,Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University,from March 2024 to March 2025 were selected as the research subjects.The patients were randomly divided into a control group and a study group with 60 cases each using the random number table method under a double-blind design.The control group received routine rehabilitation nursing,while the study group was given multimodal rehabilitation nursing techniques.Both groups received nursing intervention for 4 weeks.After the nursing intervention,the two groups were compared in terms of nursing efficacy(analyzed from the per-spectives of pelvic floor muscle strength,pad test results,and prolapse status),urodynamic indicators(maximum urethral measurement pressure,abdominal leak point pressure,maximum urethral closure pressure,and bladder compliance),de-gree of organ prolapse,and pelvic floor muscle function.Results The excellent and good rate of nursing in the study group(96.67%)was higher than that in the control group(78.33%)(P=0.002).Compared with before the intervention,the levels of urodynamic indicators in both groups increased after the intervention,and those in the study group were higher than those in the control group(all P<0.05).In the control group,there were 2 cases of organ prolapse of grade 0,18 cas-es of grade Ⅰ,34 cases of grade Ⅱ,6 cases of grade Ⅲ,and 0 cases of grade Ⅳ.In the study group,there were 12,35,13,0,and 0 cases respectively.The improvement degree of organ prolapse in the study group was better than that in the control group(Z=5.24,P<0.001).Before the intervention,there was no statistically significant difference in pelvic floor muscle function indicators between the two groups(all P>0.05).After the intervention,the fatigue of both fast and slow muscle fibers decreased,and the study group was lower than the control group,the muscle strength of both fast and slow muscle fibers increased,and the study group was higher than the control group(all P<0.05).Conclusion Multi-modal rehabilitation nursing technology can improve urodynamic indicators,reduce the degree of organ prolapse,enhance pelvic floor muscle function,and increase the excellent and good rate of nursing in elderly patients with SUI and POP.

Abstract:Objective To clarify the current status and influencing factors of fall awareness in elderly patients under-going maintenance hemodialysis(MHD).Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 328 elderly MHD pa-tients who were admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University between January 2024 and May 2025.Data were collected using a general information questionnaire,the Falls Awareness Questionnaire,the Patient Health Questionnaire-9(PHQ-9),the FRAIL Frailty Scale,the Chinese version of the Morse Fall Risk Assessment Scale,and the Barthel In-dex.Multiple linear regression analysis was employed to identify the factors influencing fall awareness.Results The mean score of fall awareness among the 328 MHD patients was 68.5±11.0.Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that fear of falling,fall risk,frailty,self-care ability,age,and number of medication taken were significant influencing factors of fall awareness(adjusted R2=0.33,F=18.67,all P<0.001).Conclusions The level of fall awareness in elder-ly MHD patients is moderate.Particular attention should be given to those with a high fear of falling,high fall risk,frailty,moderate-to-severe dependence in activities of daily living,age over 80 years,and those taking four or more medications.Personalized interventions should be developed to enhance fall awareness and prevent fall incidents.

Abstract:With the acceleration of the digital transformation process,the"integration of digital and artificial intelli-gence"characterized by the deep integration of big data and artificial intelligence is reshaping the medical service system,and the global digital medical industry is developing rapidly.While technological progress and innovation bring conve-nience and opportunities,they also lead to anxiety about medical technology,affecting the willingness and ability of the el-derly to use relevant seek medical technologies,thereby limiting their access to digital health benefits.This article reviews the concept,influencing factors,evaluation tools,and intervention measures of seek medical treatment technology anxi-ety,aiming to raise awareness among healthcare professionals about the anxiety of the elderly regarding seek medical treat-ment technology and to provide a reference for targeted nursing interventions.

Abstract:Objective To develop a prehabilitation program for elderly total knee arthroplasty(TKA)patients.Methods The relevant evidence on the prehabilitation of elderly patients undergoing TKA was systematically retrieved from professional websites and databases at home and abroad.The retrieval time limit was from the establishment of the da-tabase to September 2024.By screening,evaluating and summarizing relevant evidence,a draft of the prehabilitation plan for elderly patients undergoing TKA was constructed.Subsequently,the Delphi method was utilized to conduct two rounds of expert consultations to determine the most appropriate prehabilitation contents.Results A total of 18 papers were in-cluded,including 5 guidelines,6 expert consensus,5 systematic evaluations,and 2 randomized controlled trails.The re-sponse rates for the two rounds of expert consultation were 89%and 100%,respectively.The expert authority coefficient was consistently 0.875 across both rounds.The Kendall's concordance coefficient(W)for the importance of each level of items in the first round of consultation with experts was 0.179,and the feasibility W was 0.158.In the second round,they were 0.212 and 0.208 respectively(both P<0.01).The coefficient of variation(Cv)of the importance scores of each lev-el of items in the first round of consultation with experts was 0-0.20,and the Cv of the feasibility scores was 0.07-0.24.In the second round,they were 0-0.18 and 0-0.22 respectively.The final prehabilitation program for elderly patients under-going TKA consisted of 6 first-level items,15 second-level items,and 46 third-level items.Conclusion The prehabilita-tion programme developed for elderly patients undergoing TKA is scientifically sound,reliable and clinically practical,thus providing a sound theoretical basis for implementing prehabilitation in clinical practice.

Abstract:Objective To review existing literature on risk prediction models for inadvertent perioperative hypother-mia(IPH)among elderly patients,summarize their modeling characteristics and clinical applicability,and provide theo-retical support for optimizing perioperative management in this population.Methods A systematic search of Chinese and English databases was conducted to include research studies on IPH prediction models for elderly surgical patients.The risk of literature bias was evaluated,the model features and performance indicators were extracted,and the predictors were summarized and sorted out.Results A total of nine studies were included,involving nine prediction models.The reported incidence of IPH among elderly patients ranged from 20.80%to 61.32%.While most models demonstrated satis-factory predictive performance,the modeling approaches were relatively homogeneous.Major predictors included intraop-erative blood loss,baseline body temperature,intraoperative fluid infusion volume,and age.Conclusions At present,the performance of IPH risk prediction models for elderly surgical patients is relatively good.However,limitations remain regarding risk of bias and clinical applicability.In the future,visualization technology and multicenter validation optimiza-tion models should be combined to facilitate perioperative management.

Abstract:Gastrointestinal malignancies are among the most prevalent cancers globally.Illness perception serves as a critical determinant of patient health outcomes and quality of life,playing a significant role throughout the disease trajecto-ry of patients with gastrointestinal malignancies.This review aims to synthesize current knowledge on the concept,mea-surement tools,influencing factors,and intervention strategies related to illness perception in patients with gastrointestinal malignancies,thereby providing a theoretical and practical foundation for future research in this domain.

Abstract:Objective A scoping review was conducted on research regarding the application of Internet-based Cog-nitive Behavioral Therapy(ICBT)in psychological interventions for elderly patients,aiming to clarify the types and con-tents of interventions,intervention outcome indicators,and effects.Methods Relevant studies were systematically searched in PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,The Cochrane Library,CNKI,WanFang,VIP Database,and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database(CBM),with the search time limit from the establishment of the databases to April 27,2025.The included literatures were analyzed and summarized.Results A total of 13 studies were included.The includ-ed elderly patients were from outpatient clinics,communities,and long-term care institutions.Their main symptoms were depression and anxiety.The core patient group consists of patients with simple anxiety and depression;as well as those with physical comorbidities such as post-hip replacement,age-related macular degeneration,and knee osteoarthritis com-plicated with depression.The outcome indicators mainly covered depression,anxiety,cognitive function,quality of life,treatment adherence,and intervention acceptance.Conclusions ICBT is applicable to elderly patients with mild-to-moderate depression,anxiety,and physical comorbidities.Through multidisciplinary collaboration and the implementa-tion of age-adapted programs for the elderly,it can effectively alleviate symptoms and has cost-effectiveness advantages.

Abstract:Objective To assess the application of cell block technology in serous effusions for pathological diagno-sis of ovarian space-occupying lesions.Methods A total of 50 patients with ovarian space-occupying lesions treated at Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital from May 2020 to May 2023 were included;serous effusions(48 ascitic and 2 pleural flu-ids)were collected to prepare cell blocks.Immunocytochemical staining was performed,and cytopathological diagnoses were made based on cellular morphology and immunophenotyping.Compared with histopathological diagnoses to assess the consistency of cytological diagnostic conclusions.Results Among 50 patients,34 were diagnosed as high-grade serous carcinoma(HGSC)by serous effusion cell block technology,with 32 cases diagnosed as HGSC and 2 cases as endometrioid carcinoma(EC)via histopathological examination.Diagnostic concordance was observed in all remaining cases:5 EC and 11 other lesions.The overall diagnostic agreement was excellent(Kappa value=0.9203,P<0.001).Conclusion Ovari-an space-occupying lesions with serous effusions can be diagnosed as HGSC,EC,and other pathological types through cy-tological morphology and immunophenotyping,and they have a high degree of consistency with histopathological diagno-sis,demonstrating good clinical and pathological diagnostic value.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the current status of chronic non-communicable diseases(referred to as chron-ic diseases)and multimorbidities among middle-aged and older adults aged 45 years and above in China.Methods Da-ta from the 2020 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)were utilized,including 19 128 middle-aged and older adults from 27 provinces.Stata and SPSS software were employed to analyze the prevalence of 15 chronic diseases and multimorbidities.Results In 2020,the prevalence rate of chronic diseases among middle-aged and older adults in China was 80.9%,and the prevalence rate of multimorbidities was 58.2%.Statistical differences in chronic dis-ease and multimorbidity prevalence were observed across gender,age,education level,and marital status(all P<0.05).Hypertension had the highest prevalence and comorbidity rate.The most common multimorbidity combination was arthritis or rheumatism+gastric diseases or digestive system diseases[2.97%(568/19 128)].Chronic disease prevalence across provinces ranged from 68.2%(Guangdong)to 87.8%(Heilongjiang),while multimorbidity prevalence ranged from 50.3%(Fujian)to 72.9%(Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region).Conclusions The prevalence of chronic diseases and multimorbidities among middle-aged and older adults in China remains high.Chronic disease management programs must prioritize preventing and managing hypertension,arthritis or rheumatism,and gastric diseases or digestive system diseases.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the preparation of recombinant anti-tau antibody and its application in the pre-vention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease(AD).Methods Recombinant human tau441 protein was used as immuno-gen to obtain mouse lymphocytes secreting anti-tau antibody.The mouse immune VH-VL gene bank was constructed,and the correctly sequenced positive recombinant plasmid was transformed into PCDNA3.1(+).After the recombinant anti-tau antibody was purified by affinity chromatography,its titer,purity and specificity were identified by ELISA,gel electropho-resis and Western blotting.The mouse brain neuroma N2a cells were used as the research object.The N2a cells were divid-ed into a blank control group(normal culture),an AD group(establishing an AD cell model by inducing with Aβ25-35),and an recombinant anti-tau antibody group(treated with anti-tau antibody after establishing the AD cell model by inducing with Aβ25-35).CCK-8 assay was used to detect cell viability,and Hoechst 33342 staining was used to analyze cell apopto-sis.Results Mice were successfully immunized and anti-tau antibody VH and VL genes were obtained.Through the con-struction of VH-linker-VL vector and purification by affinity chromatography,specific recombinant anti-tau antibody with titer higher than 1∶256 000 and purity of 95.28%was obtained.The recombinant anti-tau antibodies can enhance the via-bility of N2a cells induced by Aβ25-35,and inhibit their apoptosis.The cell viability of the AD group and the recombinant an-ti-tau antibody group was(44.33±2.08)%and(68.00±2.65)%respectively.There was a statistically significant dif-ference between the two groups(P<0.05).Conclusion In this study,the VH and VL sequences of anti-tau antibody are obtained and the recombinant anti-tau antibody with high titer,high purity and high specificity are prepared,and its protective effect on N2a cell injury by inducing with Aβ25-35 is confirmed.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the predictive value of serum C-reactive protein(CRP),Interleukin-6(IL-6)combined with B-type natriuretic peptide(BNP)in elderly patients with chronic heart failure complicated with pulmonary infection.Methods A total of 112 elderly patients with chronic heart failure admitted to Xi'an People's Hospital(Xi'an Fourth Hospital)from January 2022 to June 2023 were selected and divided into aninfected group(n=46)and an uninfect-ed group(n=66)according to whether they had a concurrent pulmonary infection.The general case data and the number of cases with hypoproteinemia,anemia,abnormal transaminase,renal insufficiency,as well as the levels of CRP,IL-6 and BNP indices of the patients in the two groups were compared with each other.Logistic regression was used to analyze the in-fluencing factors of pulmonary infection in elderly patients with chronic heart failure.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was plotted to analyze the efficacy of CRP,IL-6 and BNP in predicting pulmonary infection in elderly pa-tients with chronic heart failure.Results The levels of serum CRP(OR=1.068,95%CI:1.011-1.127,P=0.018),IL-6(OR=1.153,95%CI:1.032-1.287,P=0.012),BNP(OR=1.007,95%CI:1.001-1.014,P=0.018)were influ-encing factors for pulmonary infection in elderly patients with chronic heart failure.The ROC curve analysis showed that the areas under the ROC curve for CRP,IL-6,BNP,and their combination in predicting the occurrence of pulmonary in-fection in elderly patients with chronic heart failure were 0.910,0.910,0.647,and 0.939 respectively,with sensitivities of 73.90%,82.60%,50.00%,and 84.80%respectively,and specificities of 92.40%,87.90%,78.80%,and 93.90%respectively.Conclusions The levels of serum CRP,IL-6 and BNP are influencing factors for pulmonary infec-tion in elderly patients with chronic heart failure.The combined detection of these three indicators has predictive value for the occurrence of pulmonary infection in elderly patients with chronic heart failure.