Abstract:OBJECTIVE To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)in Lanshan District of Linyi,and to provide scientific basis for prevention and control of HFMD.METHODS The incidence data of HFMD ang demographic information in Lanshan district from 2013 to 2023 were collected.Descriptive epidemiology and spatial autocorrelation analysis were used to analyze the epidemiology and etiology of HFMD in Lanshan District.RESULTS A total of 7 378 cases of HFMD were reported in Lanshan District from 2013 to 2023,with an average annual reported incidence of 47.43/105.The incidence was the highest in 2017(128.73/105),and the incidence was negatively correlated with EV-A71 vaccination rate(rs=-0.974,P＜0.05).There was a positive correlation with the number of children born(rs=0.717,P＜0.05).The incidence in males was significantly higher than that in females(x2=8254.09,P＜0.05).Children under 4 years of age were predominant,with the highest incidence in the[1,2)year age group(1125.32/105).The incidence has obvious seasonality,the main peak is in spring and summer,and the overall distribution from 2013 to 2023 is unimodal and bimodal.The incidence of the disease was higher in the southern urban district than in the northern township,and there were high-high aggregation areas.From 2013 to 2017,EV-A71 and CV-A16 were the dominant strains,and after 2018,other enterovirus alternated with CV-A16 to become the dominant strains.CONCLUSION The incidence rate was stable in general and fluctuated according to the number of children born.The epidemic peak was in spring and summer.It is necessary to pay attention to scattered children and nursery institutions.The change of disease archetype will affect the severity of the disease and the change of clinical symptoms,so it is necessary to strengthen monitoring and early warning.

Abstract:OBJECTIVE To analyze the epidemiological and spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of influenza in Northeast region of Beijing from 2014 to 2023,providing insights for targeted prevention and control strategies.METHODS Through descriptive analysis,spatial autocorrelation analysis and spatio-temporal scan analysis,the epidemic characteristics of influenza in Northeast region of Beijing from 2014 to 2023 were explored,and high-risk areas and aggregation patterns were identified.RESULTS From 2014 to 2023,43 995 cases were confirmed in the district,with an average annual incidence rate of 332.277/105.Seasonal peaks typically occurred in winter and spring;the summer peak in 2022 was unusual;and a resurgence in 2023 reached record levels.Spatial analysis showed considerable shifts in high-incidence areas year by year,with cases concentrated in the airport ring belt and northwest central areas in 2019 and extending to Southwest central area in 2023.Incidence was highest among children aged 0～4 years and school-aged youth,with no significant differences between genders(P＞0.05).Spatial autocorrelation analysis indicated clustering from 2015 to 2018,2021,and 2023,with the strongest clustering observed in 2016.Spatiotemporal scanning identified multiple clusters centered around several accumulation area,with a primary cluster in weeks 47-53 of 2023,underscoring these regions as priority areas for winter-spring prevention.CONCLUSION Influenza outbreaks in the district from 2014 to 2023 are most prevalent in winter and spring,with cases concentrated in urban and southwestern regions and highest incidence among infants and children.During and following the COVID-19 pandemic,flu patterns were affected by modified control measures and other reasons.To improve influenza control efforts,future strategies should prioritize vaccination,health education,continuous monitoring,and precision-based interventions to reduce flu transmission risks.

Abstract:OBJECTIVE To comprehensively understand the sanitation conditions of teaching and living environments in primary and secondary schools in Weifang,analyze existing issues,and provide a basis for relevant authorities to implement effective measures.METHODS Schools in Weifang were selected as monitoring targets.Classroom teaching environments were monitored,and school living environments were investigated.Results were evaluated according to national standards.RESULTS A total of 76 schools(23 primary schools,30.30％;53 middle schools,69.70％)and 444 classrooms(138 primary school classrooms,31.10％;306 middle school classrooms,68.90％)were monitored.The qualified rates for classroom per capita area,blackboard width,blackboard height,blackboard average illuminance,blackboard illuminance uniformity,desktop illuminance uniformity,noise,toilet squatting positions,fecal exposure status,basement usage in student dormitories,dormitory per capita area,dormitory hygiene management regulations,canteen food licenses,and canteen health certificates were 75.45％,81.98％,99.77％,80.63％,85.81％,75.90％,92.12％,92.11％,96.05％,97.44％,84.62％,97.44％,100.00％,100.00％,respectively.The conformity rate of desk and chair allocation(50.68％)and the qualified rate of desktop average illuminance(68.69％)were significantly lower.The x2 test results showed that the qualified rates of blackboard width,average illuminance of blackboard and average illuminance of desk in primary schools were all higher than those in middle schools,and the differences were statistically significant(x2=44.008,12.835,6.359,P＜0.05).CONCLUSION Weifang should prioritize improving the adaptability of desks and chairs,enhancing classroom desktop lighting conditions,and strengthening toilet infrastructure in primary schools.

Abstract:OBJECTIVE To summarize the data of malignant tumor report card of residents with household registration in Hongqiao Street of Changning District of Shanghai from 2019 to 2023,analyze the incidence of malignant tumors,and provide a basis for the prevention and treatment of malignant tumors in the jurisdiction.METHODS From 2019 to 2023,the malignant tumor reporting data of residents with household registration in Hongqiao Street and the population data in the public security household registration system of Changning District Health Management Platform of Shanghai were collected and sorted out,and the crude incidence,standardized rate,and incidence order of malignant tumors were calculated,and the incidence trend of malignant tumors was evaluated by annual percentage change(APC).RESULTS From 2019 to 2023,there were 1 886 new cases of malignant tumors in Hongqiao Street,Changning District of Shanghai,with a crude incidence rate of 373.05/105,a standardized incidence of 179.49/105,a cumulative rate of 29.80％,and a cut-off rate of 309.97/105.The top 10 malignant tumors in Hongqiao Street of Changning District of Shanghai were lung cancer,colon cancer,breast cancer,gastric cancer,thyroid cancer,prostate cancer,lymphoma,bladder cancer,liver cancer,and pancreatic cancer,accounting for 88.58％of all malignant tumors.Among the top five malignant tumors from 2019 to 2023,the incidence of lung cancer(APC=-10.70％,P＜0.05),colon cancer(APC=-0.11％,P=0.983),breast(APC=-3.77％,P=0.322),gastric cancer(APC=-7.01,P=0.566％)and thyroid cancer(APC=-15.61％,P=0.061)showed an overall downward trend,but some cancers(such as male colon cancer)still showed an upward trend(APC=3.81％,P=0.579).CONCLUSION The incidence of malignant tumors in Hongqiao Street is generally decreasing,but lung cancer,colon cancer and breast cancer still need to be prevented and controlled.It from 2019 to 2023 was recommended to strengthen health education,early screening and targeted intervention for the elderly.

Abstract:OBJECTIVE To provide theoretical foundations for enhancing the dissemination effectiveness and public influence of primary public health institutions' WeChat official accounts,and to further explore new models for health education work.METHODS Taking"Shenzhen Longgang CDC"as the research subject,it collected WeChat public platform content,user data,and menu click data from August 19,2019 to November 1,2023.RESULTS The study found statistically significant differences in article reading volume across different content types,posting positions,and headline structures(x2=143.33,218.88,9.88,P＜0.05).Epidemic prevention and control thematic content demonstrated significantly higher total readership than other categories,indicating public heightened attention to major public health emergencies.Headline articles showed superior overall readership compared to non-headline articles.Engaging audiences from other provinces further boosted article open rates.CONCLUSION For such official accounts,it is crucial to closely align with evolving social needs,promptly release accurate authoritative information,understand target user profiles,and enhance user engagement.Leveraging headline advantages should be prioritized to expand influence.Simultaneously,content integration should be strengthened by combining routine health education with exclusive information releases,continuously creating practical,accurate,and authoritative content to establish a credible brand image for disease control institutions.

Abstract:OBJECTIVE To analyze the contamination of major pathogenic microorganisms in commercially available meat and meat products in Dezhou from 2020 to 2024,and to provide scientific basis for food safety risk assessment and early warning.METHODS According to Shandong Province Food Contamination and Harmful Factors Risk Monitoring Manual from 2020 to 2024,meat and meat products on sale in Dezhou will be collected for the detection of eight major pathogenic microorganisms,including Salmonella,Listeria monocytogenes,Bacillus cereus,Clostridium perfringens,Staphylococcus aureus,Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli,Campylobacter,and Yersiniaente rocolitica.RESULTS Among 218 samples,88 were positive for pathogenic microorganisms,with a total positive detection rate of 40.37％.Raw poultry meat showed the highest contamination rate at 71.43％(50/70),followed by raw livestock meat(51.85％,14/27),processed meat products(38.00％,19/50),and cooked meat products(7.00％,5/71).The positive detection rates among different meat types showed statistically significant differences(x2=62.37,P＜0.05).Among the eight pathogenic microorganisms,Listeria monocytogenes had the highest detection rate at 24.75％,followed by Campylobacter(19.26％,with 5 samples co-detecting both Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter colii),Salmonella(15.84％,including 15 serotypes,predominantly enteritis Salmonella),Clostridium perfringens(4.42％),Escherichia coli(3.52％),Yersinia enterocolitica(3.40％,mainly bio1A),Bacillus cereus(2.80％),and Staphylococcus aureus(2.20％).CONCLUSION There are different degrees of foodborne pathogenic bacteria contamination of meat and meat products on sale in Dezhou from 2020 to 2024,which has a high possibility of causing foodborne diseases and should be taken seriously by the relevant departments.

Abstract:OBJECTIVE To explore the main influencing factors of community health management service utilization among mobile elderly in China and analyze their spatial distribution aggregation differences.METHODS Based on the 2018 China Mobile Population Dynamic Monitoring Survey data,mobile population aged 60 and above were selected as research subjects,with health record establishment and health education acceptance as representative variables of community health management services.A logit regression model was constructed to identify the influencing factors of residents' community health management service utilization.The global spatial autocorrelation analysis method was adopted to identify the spatial aggregation characteristics of community health management service utilization.RESULTS The model results showed that variables such as sex,age,education level,migration mode,residential intention,family structure,and regional health resource levels were significantly correlated with the utilization of community health management services for mobile elderly.Spatial analysis revealed that the health education acceptance rate exhibited significant spatial aggregation in China,while the utilization of health records did not show significant spatial aggregation.CONCLUSION The utilization of community health management services for mobile elderly is influenced by a combination of individual,family,migration,and regional factors,with the spatial distribution of health education acceptance showing regional aggregation.It should strengthen the allocation of grassroots community health management service resources,promote balanced cross-regional health services,and improve the accessibility of community health management services for mobile elderly.

Abstract:OBJECTIVE To assess satisfaction with online adult vaccination appointment services in Jinshan District of Shanghai,to provide reference for the effectiveness of online vaccination services for adults.METHODS From July to December 2024,a stratified sampling method was used to select 938 adults aged≥18 years from six community vaccination clinics in Jinshan District of Shanghai.A questionnaire survey was conducted to analyze satisfaction with online adult vaccination appointment services and its influencing factors.RESULTS A total of 922 participants were included.Satisfaction rates with the online adult vaccination appointment service before,during,and after the process were 87.53％,87.42％,and 89.59％,respectively,yielding an overall satisfaction rate of 86.98％.Logistic regression analysis revealed that age 18～29(OR=5.871,95％CI:3.181～10.803),those with college education or higher(OR=2.834,95％CI:1.804～4.443),those with annual income＞150 000(OR=3.881,95％CI:2.052～7.323),believing the mobile online appointment process to be convenient(OR=2.055,95％CI:1.182～3.554)exhibited higher overall satisfaction with the appointment vaccination service.Conversely,those experiencing ≥20 min on-site waiting time after successful appointment(OR=0.184,95％CI:0.123～0.264),worried about online appointment information security(OR=0.443,95％CI:0.271～0.720),and those who perceived the online appointment system as lacking in information functionality(OR=0.301,95％CI:0.183～0.495)reported lower overall satisfaction with the vaccination appointment service.CONCLUSION Overall satisfaction with the online adult vaccination appointment service in Jinshan District of Shanghai is relatively high,but the functionality of the online appointment system requires optimization.

Abstract:OBJECTIVE To assess the current status of Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB)infection among new middle school students in Ningde and provide reference for tuberculosis prevention and control in schools.METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted,screening 51 024 new students from 137 middle schools in Ningde in 2024 using TST/TBST tests.The epidemiological characteristics of latent tuberculosis infection(LTBI)and active pulmonary tuberculosis were analyzed through x2 tests.RESULTS The overall positive rate was 3.48％(1 775/51 024),with LTBI rate at 2.55％(1 299 cases)and active tuberculosis detection rate 37.24/105(19 cases).TST test positivity rate(5.45％)was significantly higher than TBST(1.90％),and the difference was statistically significant(x2=471.662,P＜0.05).High school students showed higher positivity rates(4.05％)and case detection rates(17.22/105)compared to junior high school students(2.81％,5.04/105),all differences were statistically significant.94.7％of case(18/19)were concentrated in Jiaocheng District,with two schools showing class cluster infections(≥2 cases in the same class).CONCLUSION TBST testing is more suitable for tuberculosis screening of new students.High school freshmen constitute a key prevention and control population,and continuous implementation of health checkups for new middle school students is crucial for controlling tuberculosis outbreaks in schools.

Abstract:OBJECTIVE Based on the health ecology model,the differences of influencing factors of chronic diseases among residents with different literacy levels were explored,and targeted prevention and control measures of chronic diseases were proposed.METHODS From September to November 2024,a multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to survey 6,022 permanent residents in Xinhui District of Jiangmen.The study analyzed the influencing factors of chronic diseases in Xinhui District from five dimensions:individual,behavior,interpersonal,living and working conditions,and policy,based on the prevention and treatment literacy of chronic diseases.RESULTS The total prevalence of chronic diseases was 31.27%among the permanent residents in Xinhui District,and the group with literacy(25.18%)was lower than the group without literacy(33.09%).The common influencing factors were age,family history,overweight and obesity,and working status.In addition,there were different influencing factors in the two groups,among which gender,education level and per capita income were in the group with literacy,and behavior habits(smoking,drinking,sleep)and marriage were in the group without literacy(P＜0.05).CONCLUSION The influencing factors of chronic diseases in people with different literacy levels have both similarities and specificities.With the improvement of literacy as the core,universal health education,and targeted prevention and control measures and health management should be implemented based on literacy differences to prevent the occurrence of chronic diseases.

Abstract:OBJECTIVE To evaluate the water quality of public direct drinking water(DDW)and municipal water in a riverside pedestrian area of Pudong New District of Shanghai sourced.Through data collection and analysis,aim to provide scientific evidence for optimizing water treatment processes and DDW equipment.METHODS A total of 23 purified drinking water treatment devices along the riverside walkway were selected as study subjects.In June and July 2024,two rounds of sampling were conducted at 23 DDW points and their corresponding municipal water sources,yielding 115 samples(46 municipal water samples and 69 DDW samples).RESULTS Drinking water samples exhibited significantly lower levels of total bacterial count,turbidity,pH,total chlorine,aluminum,and trichloromethane compared to municipal water samples(Z=-2.595,-4.850,-3.304,-10.123,-1.982,-9.794;P＜0.05).Zinc content in drinking water samples was statistically higher than in municipal water samples(Z=-2.135,P＜0.05).Both municipal and drinking water samples showed positive correlations between aluminum content and pH levels(P＜0.05).All 46 municipal water samples passed quality testing(100.00%compliance rate,46/46),significantly higher than drinking water samples(97.1%compliance rate,67/69),though the difference was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).The main non-compliant indicators in drinking water samples were total bacterial count and zinc content.CONCLUSION Direct drinking water management units need to strengthen daily maintenance and management.For areas with less water consumption and remote areas,the water quality can be improved by strengthening the frequency of maintenance,flushing the pipe network and water intake regularly.

Abstract:OBJECTIVE To analyze adverse event following immunization(AEFI)surveillance data from Ninghe District of Tianjin Municipality,spanning from 2005 to 2024,to evaluate the quality of AEFI reporting.METHODS It collected and organized AEFI case data for routinely used vaccines(excluding emergency use and conditional marketing vaccines)reported in Ninghe District from 2005 to 2024,conducting descriptive analysis of AEFI occurrence patterns and reporting rates.RESULTS A total of 995 AEFI cases were reported in Ninghe District from 2005 to 2024,with a reporting rate of 40.96/100,000 cases.Among these,982 adverse reactions(98.69%of total AEFI cases)were reported,including 829 general reactions and 153 abnormal reactions.The majority of AEFI occurrences(95.18%)occurred within 0-3 days after vaccination.The gender ratio of 995 AEFI cases was 1.16∶1,with 70.95%of cases occurring in children aged 0-1 years.The reported AEFI cases involved 31 vaccines.The most frequently reported immunization program vaccine was the acellular DTP vaccine(115.86/100,000 doses),while the most frequently reported non-immunization program vaccine was the inactivated JE vaccine(153.84/100,000 doses).The most common clinical diagnosis for AEFI was general reaction symptoms(fever/redness/hardness),accounting for 79.20%,followed by allergic rashes.All 995 reported AEFI cases have been resolved.CONCLUSION The vaccination program in Ninghe District is safe and reliable,with the AEFI monitoring and reporting system functioning properly.

Abstract:The construction of a closely knit county-level medical community is a key part of the country's deepening reform of the medical and health system,as well as an important measure to promote the construction of a hierarchical diagnosis and treatment system and enhance the capacity of county-level medical and health services.The article delves into the actual situation and existing problems of the construction of closely knit county-level medical communities in Heilongjiang Province,and proposes targeted response strategies,aiming to provide reference for the high-quality development of medical and health care in Heilongjiang Province.

Abstract:OBJECTIVE To comprehensively understand the epidemiological characteristics of mumps in Changping District of Beijing from 2017 to 2024,and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of mumps.METHODS The basic information,clinical symptoms,and vaccination records of reported mumps cases in Changping District from 2017 to 2024 were collected.Using Stata 16 software,descriptive epidemiological approaches,the seasonal index method,χ2 test,and logistic regression analysis were employed for statistical analysis.RESULTS From 2017 to 2024,a total of 1,218 mumps cases were reported in Changping District,with an average annual reported incidence rate of 6.99 per 100,000.The seasonal index from April to September exceeded 100.00%,reaching two peaks in September(143.84%)and May(141.87%).Among the 22 towns and sub-districts,Huilongguan Town had the highest number of reported cases and the highest reported incidence rate(242 cases,14.47 per 100,000)in the district.Yanshou Town reported the fewest cases(10 cases),and Longzeyuan Sub-district Office had the lowest incidence rate(1.51 per 100,000).The male-to-female ratio of the cases was 1.31∶1,and the incidence rates of males and females were 7.73 per 100,000 and 6.51 per 100,000,with a statistically significant difference(χ2=4.00,P＜0.05).The age of onset was concentrated between 3 and 6 years old,with a total of 458 cases,accounting for 37.60%.The incidence rate in the age group was 100.62 per 100,000.A total of 936 cases were children in kindergartens and nurseries,students,and scattered children,accounting for 81.04%.The main clinical symptoms were parotid gland enlargement(98.36%)and pain(79.47%),followed by fever(29.31%)and headache(10.10%).Among the cases,933 cases(76.60%)had a vaccination history.The greater the number of vaccination doses,the fewer the sites of parotid gland enlargement,and the lower the probability of fever and headache.CONCLUSION The incidence of mumps in Changping District of Beijing is relatively low.The reporting time presents a bidirectional distribution.Schools,kindergartens,and towns and sub-districts with a concentrated floating population remain the key areas for mumps prevention and control.Vaccination against mumps can reduce the likelihood of parotid gland swelling,fever,and headache.

Abstract:OBJECTIVE To analyze the characteristics and trends of digestive system malignancies in Tongliao from,2017 to 2021,and to provide a scientific basis for evaluating prevention effectiveness and improving control measures.METHODS Monitoring data on digestive system malignancies among residents of Tongliao from 2017 to 2021,along with population data from the same period,were utilized.Excel 2020 and SPSS 20.0 were employed to calculate the crude incidence rate,age-standardized incidence rate,and incidence ranking of digestive system malignancies.The Joinpoint software was used to compute the annual percentage change and analyze incidence trends.RESULTS From 2017 to 2021,a total of 15,561 cases of digestive system malignancies were reported in Tongliao City,accounting for 43.39%of all malignant tumors.The incidence ranking was as follows:esophageal cancer,liver cancer,gastric cancer,colorectal cancer,pancreatic cancer,gallbladder cancer,and others.The top four cancers constituted 89%of all digestive system malignancies.Differences in the incidence ranking of colorectal and esophageal cancers were observed between males and females.The average annual crude incidence rate was 110.2/100,000,and the average annual age-standardized incidence rate was 69.7/100,000.Both the crude and standardized incidence rates were higher in males than in females,and the difference was statistically significant(χ2=1077.70,92054.32;P＜0.01)and higher in urban areas than in rural areas,and the difference was statistically significant(χ2=121.73,259693.70;P＜0.01).The peak incidence occurred in the 80-84 age group.Statistically significant differences in crude and age-standardized incidence rates were observed across different regions,and the difference was statistically significant(χ2=31.73,23.34;P＜0.05).CONCLUSION The primary digestive system malignancies in Tongliao City from 2017 to 2021 were esophageal cancer,liver cancer,gastric cancer,and colorectal cancer.No significant overall trend in incidence was observed,with the peak incidence occurring in the 80-84 age group.Differences in incidence were noted by gender and region,highlighting the need for enhanced prevention and control measures targeting key populations and specific cancer types.

Abstract:OBJECTIVE To grasp the current situation of teaching environment in primary and secondary schools in Haishu District and promote the improvement of teaching environment.METHODS 168 classrooms in 7 primary and secondary schools were randomly selected from 2021 to 2024,and the monitoring results of indicators such as lighting were evaluated in accordance with relevant school hygiene standards.RESULTS The total qualified rate of each index within four years was between 20.14%and 94.05%.The reflectivity ratio of the blackboard surface was the lowest in 2023 and 2024,at only 8.33%,while the illuminance uniformity of blackboard surface in 2022 could reach 100.00%.The overall situation in junior high schools was the best,while that in primary schools was relatively poor.The differences among the per capita classroom area,the coincidence rates of desk and/or chair allocation,the average illuminances of blackboard surface and desk surface were statistically significant(χ2=23.776,228.359,189.845,118.456,36.655,20.499;P＜0.05).The qualification rates of the three indicators related to the coincidence rate of desk and chair allocation in street schools were slightly better than those in township schools,and these differences between the two were significant(χ2=9.645,33.574,16.692;P＜0.05),while the qualified rate of blackboard reflectivity in street schools was 4.17%,which was significantly lower than that in township schools(23.33%),and the difference was statistically significant(χ2=4.568,P＜0.05).CONCLUSION The overall situation of teaching environmental hygiene in primary and secondary schools in Haishu District is at a medium to high level,but there were still some indicators with relatively low pass rates.It needs to be taken seriously and improved by relevant departments.

Abstract:OBJECTIVE To explore the risk factors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)in the Chinese population and provide research support for early prevention and early warning of COPD.METHODS Systematically searched Chinese and foreign databases such as China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),WanFang Data,PubMed,and Embase to collect case-control studies related to COPD risk factors in the Chinese population,with a search period from January 2010 to February 2021.Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software,and the heterogeneity of included studies was evaluated and sensitivity analysis was conducted.Publication bias was assessed using funnel plots.RESULTS A total of 18 studies were included,involving 30,283 patients.Smoking history(OR=2.28,95%CI:1.78-2.93,P＜0.01),family history of respiratory diseases(OR=2.00,95%CI:1.48-2.70,P＜0.01),dust exposure history(OR=2.68,95%CI:1.46-4.92,P＜0.01),age(OR=1.27,95%CI:1.11-1.46,P＜0.01),use of coal and other biofuels(OR=1.89,95%CI:1.35-2.64,P＜0.01),male(OR=1.51,95%CI:1.02-2.24,P＜0.01),history of respiratory diseases(OR=2.69,95%CI:1.67-4.35,P＜0.01),infections(OR=4.72,95%CI:1.88-11.86,P＜0.01),allergic history(OR=1.74,95%CI:1.10-2.76,P＜0.01),and ventilation environment(OR=2.08,95%CI:1.27-3.41,P＜0.01)are risk factors for COPD in the Chinese population.CONCLUSION Measures such as quitting smoking,avoiding exposure to biofuels and dust,avoiding allergens,getting seasonal flu vaccines,and reducing exposure to air pollutants can help prevent or delay the onset of COPD.

Abstract:In recent years,Zhuji Anhua Town Central Health Center has focused on the development goal of"small yet refined,specialized yet strong".Confronting weaknesses in primary healthcare services,it has adopted a strategic orientation of"specialization,refinement,distinctiveness,and innovation".Building upon continuous optimization of its talent structure,the center has prioritized specialty development,smart services,integration of traditional Chinese medicine,and equipment upgrades.The approach has systematically advanced breakthroughs in specialty capabilities,service process reengineering,distinctive brand cultivation,and technological model innovation.The center has continuously enhanced medical service quality,efficiency,and core competitiveness to meet the growing,multi-level,and diverse health needs of residents within its jurisdiction and surrounding areas,forming a distinctive practical pathway.

Abstract:OBJECTIVE To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and spatiotemporal clustering patterns of foodborne diseases in Jining from 2019 to 2023,identify high-incidence regions,and provide a basis for developing targeted prevention strategies and optimizing healthcare resource allocation.METHODS Case data of foodborne diseases in Jining were exported through the"Foodborne Disease Surveillance and Reporting System"from 2019 to 2023.ArcGIS 10.8 software was used to visualize spatial autocorrelation,while SaTScan 9.5 software was employed to investigate spatial clustering.RESULTS A total of 390,942 food borne disease cases were reported in Jining from 2019 to 2023,with a male-to-female ratio of 1.01∶1.Farmers(63.91%,249,863/390,942)constituted the majority of affected populations,with the highest proportion(15.49%)occurring in the 55-65 age group.The peak incidence period was concentrated between July and September,with fruits and fruit products(25.99%)showing the highest proportion of suspected exposure cases.Most cases occurred in households(92.53%).Spatial autocorrelation analysis revealed that Moran's I index ranged between 0.317 and 0.445 from 2019 to 2023,demonstrating statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).The indicates spatial clustering of foodborne diseases in Jining,with clusters primarily concentrated in Wenshang County and Zoucheng.The spatiotemporal analysis revealed that cluster outbreaks occurred exclusively in 2023,with the first cluster affecting Weishan County and Yutai County in September 2023(RR=15.34,LLR=20,672.44).CONCLUSION Foodborne disease outbreaks in Jining peak from July to September,predominantly affecting farmers.Suspected exposure occurred mainly through fruits and their processed products,with household consumption being the primary source.The study confirms spatiotemporal clustering patterns,with Wenshang County and Zoucheng being high-risk areas.Notably,Weishan County and Yutai County showed higher susceptibility in September,highlighting the need for enhanced prevention and control measures.

Abstract:OBJECTIVE To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and consultation of patients with serious mental disorders in the Xiji community of Tongzhou District of Beijing,and inform future community-based prevention and treatment strategies.METHODS Using descriptive epidemiological methods,we examined the demographic profiles,disease types,and consultation of 122 patients with serious mental disorders in Xiji community in 2024.RESULTS The reported prevalence of severe mental disorders in Xijie community was 4.79 per 1,000(122/25,448),with schizophrenia(79.51%)predominating.Patients were predominantly 18-59 years old(55.74%),educated below junior high school(86.89%)and farmers(93.44%).There were significant differences in the age distribution of different diseases(H=13.151,P＜0.05),with patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder concentrated in people≥40 years old(86.60%,91.67%),and the groups with mental retardation and mental disorders due to epilepsy were younger(median 36,44 years old)and had a high proportion of illiteracy(42.86%,33.33%).Outpatient(82.79%)and primary healthy care institutions(89.34%)were the main modes of consultation,and the medication adherence rate was 93.44%.CONCLUSION The prevention and control of severe mental disorders in Xijie community need to focus on the management of schizophrenic patients and the service needs of the elderly and low-literacy population,and the high adherence model of the existing primary care network is of value for promotion.