Abstract:Objective To explore the application effect of Small Private Online Courses(SPOC)combined with mind mapping hybrid teaching model in the small lecture teaching of standardized residency training in general practice(referred to as residency training).Methods The study recruited general practice resident physicians from Shenzhen Second People's Hospital as research participants,spanning from May 2022 to May 2024.The cohort in 2022 was designated as the observation group,comprising 24 participants,while the 2021 cohort,consisting of 26 participants,served as the control group.The observation group was instructed using a teaching model that integrated SPOC with mind mapping,whereas the control group adhered to a traditional teaching methodology.Both groups underwent their training during the second year of standardized training for general practice,with consistent teaching content across both groups.After completing the teaching plan,the theoretical scores of the resident physicians in both groups were compared,and the satisfaction of the residents with the SPOC combined mind mapping blended teaching model was also evaluated.Results The theoretical exam scores of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The satisfaction survey revealed that the observation group perceived significant enhancement of the course's appeal,reported increased interest in autonomous learning,experienced improved communication with supervising physicians,and expressed willingness to advocate for the adoption of the SPOC combined with mind mapping approach in other courses.Conclusion The SPOC combined with mind mapping hybrid teaching model can achieve good teaching effects in the clinical small lecture teaching of general practice resident physicians,and the students'teaching satisfaction is high.

Abstract:Objective By utilizing a blended approach of online and offline training,to evaluate the value of the debriefing scenario simulation teaching method in the training project for enhancing the capacity of primary general practitioners in Jiangsu Province.Methods A total of 132 general practitioner trainees were selected to participate in the provincial training course for improving the capacity of primary health talents in Jiangsu Province from October to November 2020.All the trainees received corresponding training and the teachers administered the Objective Structured Clinical Examination(OSCE)to assess the trainees› learning outcomes.A teaching comparative study was conducted on the training effect of the debriefing scenario simulation teaching method in two training bases.Results The scores of physical examination(81.6±8.8),cardiopulmonary resuscitation(89.6±8.7)and surgical dressing change(88.5±3.1)after offline training were higher than those before training(73.5±7.2,75.9±5.6 and 73.9±6.4,respectively),and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.001).The scores of physical examination(90.6±2.6),cardiopulmonary resuscitation(93.9±6.7)and surgical dressing change(87.8±9.1)in students who received debriefing teaching method were higher than those in students who did not receive debriefing teaching method(81.8±5.4,85.7±9.9 and 83.8±9.2,respectively),and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).More than 90%of the trainees rated that the training was highly targeted,promoted active learning,and featured fair and objective assessments.Conclusion The integrated model of online theory learning and offline"trainee-centered small class"precision teaching method has achieved good results in the training of primary health talents in Jiangsu Province,and the beneficial attempts of debriefing scenario simulation teaching method have also achieved good expectations.Therefore,the teaching and assessment model of this training is worthy of promotion and application in the training of primary health personnel.

Abstract:Objective To evaluate the efficacy of a hierarchical progressive training mode based on six core competencies in standardized residency training.Methods A retrospective and controlled study was conducted among residents enrolled in 2019 when the fully hierarchical progressive training mode was not developed and in 2020 when the fully hierarchical progressive training mode was carried out in Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University.The six core competencies,satisfaction towards residency training and three major national exam scores were compared between resident physicians enrolled in 2019 and 2020.Results A total of 254 residents enrolled in 2019 and 288 residents enrolled in 2020 were included,all of whom were trained for 3 years.In the third year of training,the total score of the six core competencies of residents enrolled in 2020 was significantly higher than that in 2019(89.03±11.93 vs.92.63±7.15,t=4.32,P<0.001).At the end of the training,the satisfaction rate towards residency training of residents enrolled in 2020 was higher than that in 2019(70.46%vs.80.63%,χ2=12.53,P<0.001),and the average score of each item was also higher.Conclusion The hierarchical progressive training mode may help improve the six core competencies of residents and their satisfaction with the quality of residency training.

Abstract:Professional orientation is the first step in the standardized residency training when residents entering the base,and it is an indispensable and important part of the initial education for standardized residency training.In line with the basic content and requirements of the"Guideline for Professional Orientation in Standardized Residency Training(2022 Edition)",and combined with the characteristics and over a decade's experience of the pediatric surgery base of Xinhua Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,an exploration and practice of the curriculum design and implementation for professional orientation was conducted over the past three years.A professional orientation system for pediatric surgery base was established,which included six major modules:discipline characteristics and organizational structure,medicine work system,training objectives and content,clinical capabilities and skill operations,daily management,team and medical-patient communication,and humanistic quality.This system can not only enhance the quality of training for pediatric surgery residents,but also provide valuable reference experience for the standardized,normalized and homogeneous implementation of professional orientation for pediatric surgery residents.

Abstract:This paper introduces the reform and practice of the training mode of clinical medical master's degree in Ningbo University,which is characterized by the open and interoperable equal attention to both lines of innovation quality plus clinical competence composite competency cultivation that is double oriented through the whole professional graduate education process.By way of open communication between the university and affiliated hospitals and opening campus discipline resources,the professional master's course system with rich clinical characteristics,the education quality standard,and the supervision evaluation and dynamic tracking system are constructed.Thus the effective connection between professional master's degree education and residency training is comprehensively guaranteed,clinical tutors'medical teaching research is developed in multiple dimensions,the core competitiveness of affiliated hospitals is enhanced,and the training quality of clinical medical master's degree graduates is significantly improved.

Abstract:Understanding of basic injury images in kidney diseases and interpertation of diagnosis of renal biopsy reports are difficult for nephrologists,so kidney pathology education is critical in nephrology specialist training courses.Flipped classroom(FC)is an active learning pedagogical method in which the students prepare prior to class and afterward spend the time in class,discussing the content and reinforcing the concepts.FC is a positive learning experience with more engaged and active learning for students.FC represents an essential component in curricular reform in medical education in recent years.Here,we review the developing and usefulness of FC for teaching nephropathology in nephrology specialist training courses.

Abstract:Occupational burnout is a significant issue faced by residents during their training,severely impacting their physical and mental health as well as professional development.This study employed a mixed methods approach to survey surgical residents at West China Hospital of Sichuan University,aiming to thoroughly analyze the status,causes,and coping strategies related to occupational burnout among surgical residents.In the quantitative research segment,a questionnaire was administered to 303 surgical residents,revealing that 128 individuals(42.2%)met the criteria for occupational burnout,influenced by factors such as gender,age,marital status,identity category,working hours,and sleep duration.The qualitative research component utilized semi-structured focus group interviews with 33 residents exhibiting varying degrees of burnout for in-depth analysis.Combining these qualitative findings with the quantitative results,a theoretical framework model regarding the formation and coping of occupational burnout was constructed.The findings provide the theoretical basis and practical guidance for alleviating the level of occupational burnout among surgical residency trainees and for optimizing the surgical residency training process,contribute to the physical and mental well-being and professional growth of residents,and offer references for the adjustment and enhancement of residency training policies in China.

Abstract:Objective This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of combining journal club and problem-based learning(PBL)teaching methods on improving the scientific research capabilities of radiology residents specializing in ultrasound medicine.Methods Residents undergoing standardized residency training in the Department of Ultrasound Medicine from August 2021 to May 2024 were selected for the study.A combined teaching model of journal club and PBL was used to train their research skills,including literature retrieval,literature review,presentation,and PBL discussion.After each session,instructors provided guidance to inspire residents's cientific interest and creative thinking.Self-assessment questionnaires were used to evaluate their progress in literature searching,literature analysis,writing,and presentation skills before and after participation.Results The teaching model significantly improved the residents'abilities in literature searching,literature analysis,PowerPoint production,and presentation skills(P<0.001).Additionally,it contributed to their research mindset,English proficiency,and clinical skills.The majority of residents expressed high satisfaction with this model,finding it beneficial for understanding academic frontiers and expanding research perspectives.Conclusion The combined journal club and PBL teaching model can effectively enhance the scientific literacy and innovative capabilities of ultrasound residents,providing a valuable approach for resident research training with potential for broader application.

Abstract:This study aimed to enhance the willingness of rural order-oriented general medical students to serve primary patients and to take root in primary services voluntarily,and to cultivate new-age general medical talents suitable for the development of the times and willing to serve the primary medical and health care.This study was based on the ideological&political objectives in the course of Community Prevention and Health Care,adhered to the teaching concept of establishing morality and educating people,studied the textbook and related teaching aids,deeply explored the ideological&political educational elements from the perspective of ideological&political courses,carried out a systematic design of teaching in the course,and implemented the ideological&political teaching in a multi-channel way throughout the whole course and by combining different teaching methods.At the end of the course,the teaching effectiveness of ideological and political education was evaluated through the scores of the ideological and political course assessment and a questionnaire survey.The results showed that the implementation of ideological and political education strengthened the sense of social responsibility and the professional ethics of rural order-oriented general medical students,and the students'ideological and political quality was improved.The education will help students to become primary medical doctorscare physicians with moral integrity and talent,and lay the ideological and political foundation for their willingness to serve the primary level in the future.

Abstract:Objective To analyze the clinical practical ability assessment results of the 2024 cohort of psychiatric residents who participated in the Guangdong Provincial Standardized Training for Psychiatric Residents(referred to as residency training),in order to explore potential issues in the psychiatric training process and improve training quality.Methods The study analyzed the basic information and assessment results of 154 candidates who participated in the first clinical practical ability assessment for psychiatric residency training in Guangdong Province in 2024.Data processing was performed using SPSS 27.0 statistical software.For normally distributed or approximately normally distributed continuous variables,inter-group comparisons were conducted using t-tests and analysis of variance(ANOVA)to assess differences in final assessment scores.Binary logistic regression was used to analyze factors influencing the assessment results.Results The overall pass rate for the 2024 cohort of first-time participants in the Guangdong Provincial psychiatric residency training clinical practical ability assessment was 97.4%,with an average score of(85.10±5.46)points.There were statistically significant differences in final scores based on gender,age,training base level,and whether the candidate graduated from a"Double First-Class"university prior to residency training(P<0.05).Gender,training base level,and whether the candidate graduated from a"Double First-Class"university were identified as independent factors influencing the final assessment scores(P<0.05).Conclusion Although the overall pass rate of the assessment is high,there is still room for improvement.The factors affecting assessment results include the candidate's gender,the level of the training base,and whether the candidate graduated from a"Double First-Class"university.The findings suggest that through assessments,the content and methods of training can be refined to continuously improve training quality,ultimately aiming to cultivate a high-quality psychiatric workforce for the"Healthy China"initiative.

Abstract:Ideological and political education is of great significance in China's higher education system.Integrating ideological and political education into medical professional courses,especially in medical case analysis,helps complement ideological and political education with clinical medical knowledge education and improve teaching quality.Starting from the history of medicine,medical figures,clinical diagnosis and treatment,doctor-patient communication and innovative development,it aims to cultivate doctors'patriotism,professional ethics and communication skills,etc.Taking a case of diabetic retinopathy as an example,this article shows the diagnosis and treatment of the disease and the innovative development,explores the method of mutual integration of professional knowledge with value guidance,and discusses the relevant issues that should be paid attention to according to the application experience of previous teaching.

Abstract:Objective To evaluate the current teaching abilities of radiology residents at the First and Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College and to construct and implement a teaching ability training program designed to enhance their instructional competencies.Methods The teaching ability training program,comprising a total of 32 academic hours,integrated multiple modules,including teaching design,strategy implementation,and skill enhancement,etc.It encompassed a spectrum of content ranging from the establishment of outcome-based learning objectives to the application of innovative teaching methodologies,with an embedded focus on ideological and political education.Interactive pedagogical approaches,such as workshops,microteaching practices,and blended learning,were utilized to concurrently advance the residents'theoretical understanding and practical teaching proficiencies.Results Survey findings indicated that the satisfaction with teaching abilities and the familiarity with teaching methods,which were both self-reported by residents,were relatively low,at 11%and 14%respectively.However,post-program evaluations demonstrated a satisfaction rate exceeding 95%for all training components.Conclusion This study corroborates that systematic training in teaching abilities,underpinned by the integration of medical education and healthcare,can significantly enhance the instructional capabilities of resident physicians.

Abstract:Objective To explore the improvement of scoring consistency in teaching ward rounds supervision of standardized residency training through detailing the teaching ward rounds scoring rubric,and analyze its practical application.Methods A total of 24 internal supervisory experts from the Affiliated Guangdong Second Provincial People's Hospital of Jinan University were randomly divided into two groups:the standard group and the modified group.The standard group used the Teaching Ward Rounds Guidelines for Standardized Residency Training(2021 Edition)scoring rubric,while the modified group used a detailed version of the same rubric.Each teaching ward round was independently scored by two supervisory experts,with the scoring process accompanied by staff from the Department of Medical Education to ensure consistency.Pearson correlation coefficients between sub-items and total scores,as well as internal reliability indicators(Cronbach's α),were calculated.In addition,intraclass correlation coefficients(ICC)were used to analyze scoring consistency,and a Z-test was performed to compare group differences.Results From July to September 2024,a total of 28 teaching ward round activities were supervised,with 15 in the standard group and 13 in the modified group.The modified group demonstrated significantly higher consistency in total scores and 15 sub-items compared with the standard group(P<0.001).In terms of sub-item consistency,except for"Preparation 3,""Implementation 4/7/9","Skills 4"and"Overall Impression 4",other sub-items in the modified group showed significantly better consistency than in the standard group(all P<0.05).The Cronbach's α value of the modified group's scoring rubric was 0.769,higher than 0.708 of the standard group,indicating higher internal consistency and reliability.Conclusion Detailing the teaching ward rounds scoring rubric can significantly improve scoring consistency and offers an effective approach to enhance supervision quality.

Abstract:Objective To explore strategies for effectively integrating ideological and political education into standardized residency training and strengthening faculty development.Methods The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University implemented the"First Affiliated Hospital Faculty Enhancement Program",adopting diversified training methods such as organizing master teacher workshops,conducting open classes and micro-lectures,holding teaching competitions,and implementing a"mentor-mentee"inheritance mechanism,to comprehensively strengthen faculty construction.Simultaneously,the"First Affiliated Hospital Teaching Standardization Program"was implemented to standardize teaching materials and establish a comprehensive teaching quality monitoring system.Furthermore,relying on the"Great Ideological and Political Course"practical teaching base,ideological and political education was deeply integrated into the entire process of residency training through interactive teaching methods such as case analysis and role-playing,as well as through social practice activities and volunteer services,to cultivate residents'medical humanistic sentiment and social responsibility.Results Residents'mastery of core theoretical knowledge increased from 60.0％to 98.0％,and clinical skills mastery rose from 56.0％to 95.0％.The average first-attempt pass rate for residency completion over three years reached 95.7％,significantly exceeding the national average.Over 90.0％of residents reported a deeper understanding of professionalism.with patient satisfaction reaching 95.0％and residents engaging in volunteer/social service activities for 30 hours/year.Faculty development yielded substantial results:faculty size grew from 918 to 1120;faculty received 4 national and 18 provincial teaching awards/honors,hosted 125 teaching reform grants and earned 5 national/provincial teaching accolades.Thirty-two junior faculty members trained through"mentor-mentee"inheritance mechanism achieved higher average teaching evaluation scores than their counterparts not in the program(P<0.05).Conclusion Our hospital's parctice validates the effectiveness of the integration strategy for curriculum-based ideological and political education with faculty development,providing a replicable and promotable innovative model for China's medical education sector.This model holds significant implications for enhancing the quality of resident physician training and cultivating high-caliber medical professionals.

Abstract:Objective To evaluate the application value of the post competency-oriented training method in improving the residents'axillary vein puncture skills.Methods This study selected 93 residents rotating in the Intensive Care Unit of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine,from September 2023 to September 2024.They were randomly divided into observation group(n=46)and control group(n=47).The observation group received training on axillary vein puncture guided by a post competency-based approach,while the control group underwent traditional training.After training,the residents'axillary vein puncture skills were evaluated using the EPAs scale.We compared the success rate of punctures,the average operation duration in simulated environment,the first-attempt success rate and Mini-CEX in real environment,and the rate of meeting EPAs criteria between the two groups.Additionally,the residents provided satisfaction ratings for the training.Results The puncture success rate and operation duration of the observation group were significantly better than those of the control group in both simulated and real environments.EPAs showed that the observation group's scores in operation skill level,team cooperation ability and emergency handling ability,as well as the EPA compliance rate were also significantly higher than those of the control group.Scores in Mini-CEX across the three dimensions of procedural skills,clinical judgment,and professional attitude were all significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group.Furthermore,the observation group was more satisfied with teaching content,simulation operation,classroom interaction and discussion,teaching methods and curriculum resources.The above differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Post competency-based training for axillary vein puncture can significantly enhance the procedural skills and teamwork capabilities of residents,improving the success rates and satisfaction levels in both simulated and real environments.

Abstract:Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of virtual ultrasound models in standardized residency training of neonatal and infant cranial ultrasound and to establish a standardized assessment scheme based on virtual ultrasound models.Methods Eighteen resident physicians from the Department of Ultrasound Medicine at Shenzhen Children's Hospital,who were enrolled in standardized residency training,participated in this study.All of them received the theoretical instruction on cranial ultrasound first,and used the virtual ultrasound model as teaching aids for cranial ultrasound teaching.Two evaluators with over 10 years of experience in ultrasound independently performed objective scoring.Each resident underwent assessments before and after training,with statistical analysis performed on the results.The self-evaluation of residents before and after training was recorded by questionnaires.Results There was strong consistency between the two tests,and the intra-group correlation coefficient(ICC)of the scores before and after training were 0.955 and 0.955,respectively.The scores for various elements in the post-training assessment improved significantly compared with pre-training.Additionally,the scan time for cranial ultrasound decreased significantly after training.The self-evaluation of residents after training was higher than that before training.The above differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Conclusion Training and assessment using a virtual cranial ultrasound model can effectively enhance resident physicians'skills in pediatric cranial ultrasound and improve their confidence in performing the procedure.The virtual ultrasound model can be used for standardized training and assessment of cranial ultrasound of residents,and has high application value.

Abstract:Objective structured assessment of technical skills(OSATS)is one of the most commonly used assessment tools in surgical medical education.Due to its high discrimination power and excellent reliability and validity,OSATS is generally regarded as a reliable assessment and training tool in surgical medical education.During the assessment process,surgeons can not only receive accurate evaluations but also obtain timely feedback,thereby improving their skills and shortening the learning curve.At present,there have been multiple reports about the application of OSATS in the field of medical education.This article mainly reviews the current research status of OSATS in surgical-related professional medical training,analyzes its advantages and disadvantages,and provides useful references for the progress and development of surgical professional medical education.

Abstract:Objective To analyze teachers'job stress and its influencing factors in standardized training of general practice residents.Methods Cluster sampling method was used to investigate and analyze the job stress of 305 teachers in standardized general practice residency training in Heilongjiang.Results 50.16%(153/305)of the teachers in general practice residency training had high work pressure.The top three sources of job stress of the teachers were professional title promotion(57.05%),low salary or housing pressure(economic pressure)(55.41%)and raising children or supporting parents(time pressure)(46.23%).Professional titles,average daily working hours,and overtime frequency were the main factors that affected the work pressure of the teachers(P<0.05).Conclusion The lower title,the shorter working hours and the decreased frequency of overtime for teachers all correlate with lower work stress levels.Therefore,in order to improve the quality of general practice training,it is suggested that according to the influencing factors affecting the general practice residency training teachers,combined with the current situation of general practice medical development,the policies should be continuously adjusted and optimized,such as strengthening the treatment guarantee and reducing the work intensity to alleviate the work pressure.

Abstract:Objective To explore the application and educational impact of augmented reality technology in thoracic surgery lung anatomy teaching.Methods A total of 60 residents in standardized training in the Department of Thoracic Surgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University were divided,according to the chronological order of teaching implementation,into an observation group(March 2024 to August 2024)and a control group(September 2023 to February 2024),with 30 participants in each group.Educational outcomes were evaluated through theoretical tests,practical skill assessments,and questionnaires.Results The observation group scored significantly higher than the control group in theoretical and practical assessments(P<0.05).Questionnaire feedback indicated significant improvements in interest,comprehension,and self-directed learning in the observation group(P<0.05).Conclusion Augmented reality technology can enhance the effectiveness of thoracic surgery lung anatomy teaching by boosting residents'interest and practical skills,and offers new insights for surgical education.

Abstract:Objective To evaluate the effect of SOAP case report assessment in standardized training for neurological residents.Methods A total of 85 residents undergoing standardized neurology residency training in Ren Ji Hospital,School of Medicine,Shanghai Jiao Tong University were included in the study from July 2023 to June 2024.Among them,42 residents trained from July 2023 to December 2023 were assigned to the control group,where the traditional morning handover model was used.Meanwhile,43 residents trained from January 2024 to June 2024 were assigned to the observation group,where the SOAP case report evaluation model was applied during morning handover.The results of department exit examination and 360-degree assessment were compared between the two groups.Results The total score of exit examination in the observation group was higher than that in the control group,and the scores for theoretical examination and case analysis were especially higher.In addition,through the 360-degree evaluation,it was found that the observation group had higher scores in sore competency such as professional ability,patient management,and self-directed learning.The above differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Conclusion The SOAP case report evaluation can not only help reinforce residents'foundational knowledge and enhance their clinical reasoning abilities but also strengthen patient management and self-directed learning skills.It is an effective tool for improving the overall competency of residents.