Abstract:We report a case of Stevens-Johnson syndrome(SJS)/toxic epidermal necrolysis(TEN)overlap syndrome induced by chemical exposure.A 49-year-old female presented with ery-themas,blisters,and erosion on the trunk and limbs for 10 days.The patient developed localized white patches following exposure to industrial glue.The lesions progressed to edematous erythemas and vesicles,rapidly spreading to the upper limbs,trunk,face,neck,and lower limbs,accompa-nied by erosion and epidermal desquamation.Dermatological examination revealed erythemas that partially merged into patches on the trunk,forearms,lower legs,palms,and dorsal hands.The erythema exhibited darker borders and a lighter center,presenting as an atypical target with cen-tral blisters.Erosion was present,with exfoliation of 14.5％of the body surface area(BSA).Skin pathology revealed full-thickness necrolysis and separation of the epidermis at the dermoepi-dermal junction.Diagnosis:overlap syndrome of Stevens-Johnson syndrome(SJS)and toxic epi-dermal necrolysis(TEN).The patient's condition improved following treatment with topical and systemic glucocorticoids,recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-α receptor Ⅱ,and intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG).There was no evidence of recurrence during the 1-year follow-up.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the correlation between dermoscopic features and his-topathological manifestations in molluscum contagiosum(MC).Methods A retrospective analy-sis was conducted on 25 histopathologically confirmed MC cases at the Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University from June 2020 to June 2025.Clinical,dermoscopic,and pathologi-cal data were collected to analyze the association between dermoscopic features and histopathologi-cal findings.Results Under the dermoscope,25 cases showed white structureless areas that cor-responded histopathologically to molluscum bodies.Under polarized light,molluscum bodies in the epidermis(19 cases)and dermis(6 cases)appeared as bright white and yellowish-white struc-tureless areas,respectively.The dermal papillary vessels exhibited distinct vascular patterns under dermoscopy due to compression by molluscum bodies,superficial dermal inflammatory reactions,and optical masking effects.There was significant difference in the distribution of soft wart bodies in skin lesions with different vascular morphologies(P=0.012).Conclusion The dermoscopic features correlate with histopathological changes in MC,providing a reliable basis for non-invasive clinical diagnosis.

Abstract:Bullous pemphigoid(BP)is a common autoimmune blistering skin disease charac-terized by tense blisters and severe pruritus,significantly impacting the quality of life of affected patients.Treatment strategies have expanded from conventional corticosteroids and immunosup-pressants to novel immunomodulatory agents.These include targeting B cells therapies(ritux-imab),IgE(omalizumab),Th2 axis(dupilumab),complement system(sutimlimab,avdoralim-ab),eosinophils(bertilimumab,benralizumab),and Th 17 axis(ustekinumab,tildrakizumab).These therapies have shown promising efficacy in refractory BP,reducing corticosteroid depend-ence and alleviating itching.Combination therapy strategies and low-dose IL-2 provide additional options for patients with immune checkpoint inhibitor-related BP(ICI-BP).This article systemati-cally reviews advancements in immunological treatments for both BP and ICI-BP,including their mechanisms of action and safety profiles,providing references to optimize clinical management.

Abstract:Recent studies have revealed that photoaging not only contributes to the aging of va-rious skin cells but is also accompanied by the senescence of cells in other organs throughout the body.The SIRT family,a well-known class of longevity genes,has demonstrated significant poten-tial in maintaining anti-aging homeostasis in both the skin and the entire organism.Upon activa-tion,SIRT-encoded proteins perform multiple cellular functions,including ameliorating the inflam-matory extracellular matrix microenvironment induced by photoaging,stabilizing telomeres and re-pairing DNA damage through epigenetic mechanisms,and alleviating oxidative stress responses such as ribotoxic stress.Moreover,SIRTs have been identified as key mediators in the anti-aging effects of probiotics.In hair follicles,the skin appendage,the protective upregulation of SIRTs promotes hair growth and facilitates the reversal of graying.However,the specific mechanisms by which SIRTs and other longevity genes maintain skin and systemic anti-aging homeostasis still re-quire further scientific research and systematic elucidation.This review systematically summarizes current advances in the mechanisms and applications of longevity genes in preserving skin anti-ag-ing homeostasis,using SIRTs as a representative example.It also explores the potential of activa-ting longevity genes to counteract photoaging and systemic aging,thereby promoting healthy aging.We hope to offer new insights and directions for future research into the mechanisms and practical applications of longevity genes.

Abstract:Objective To comprehensively analyze the clinical and pathological characteristics of nevus lipomatosus cutaneous superficialis.Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical and pathological data of patients with nevus lipomatosus cutaneous superficialis who were treated at our outpatient clinic from January 2018 to August 2024.Results Among the 47 patients,6 were male and 41 were female,with a male-to-female ratio of 1∶6.83.The ages ranged from 14 to 69 years,with an average of 41.74±13.79 years.The majority of cases occurred in the 20-40 age group(19 patients,accounting for 40.43％),and in the 41-59 age group(22 patients,46.81％).Regarding the lesion sites,the buttocks(15 cases),thighs(10 cases),and back(8 cases)were the common sites.Clinical diagnoses were consistent with pathological diagnoses in 10 cases,re-sulting in a coincidence rate of 21.28％.The most common misdiagnosis was acrochordon,ac-counting for 9 cases(19.15％).The main histopathological feature was the presence of a large number of mature adipocytes between the collagen bundles in the dermis.Conclusions Nevus li-pomatosus cutaneous superficialis predominantly occurs on the buttocks,thighs,and back.The number of cases in females is much higher than that in males.It may easily be misdiagnosed.Most cases present as a single lesion.Clinicians should strengthen their knowledge to further im-prove the accuracy of clinical diagnoses.

Abstract:Psoriasis is a chronic,recurrent inflammatory skin disease that significantly impacts patients'quality of life.With the advancement of patient-centered care,shared decision-making(SDM)has gradually been introduced into psoriasis management.SDM enables healthcare profes-sionals and patients to collaboratively formulate individualized treatment plans through mutual com-munication and respect.It has been widely applied in chronic dermatological conditions abroad and has been shown to improve patient satisfaction,adherence,and quality of life.Patient deci-sion aids(PDAs),a core component of SDM,have been proven to enhance patient understand-ing,reduce decisional conflict,and promote active involvement in treatment decisions.This arti-cle reviews the theoretical foundation,practical application,and effectiveness of SDM and PDAs in the management of psoriasis,drawing on international experiences.It also discusses key chal-lenges and strategies for localization in China,including clinician training,PDA development,digital integration,and policy support.Establishing standardized SDM procedures and localized PDA systems may foster a more efficient,precise,and patient-centered chronic disease manage-ment model for psoriasis.

Abstract:We report a case of pemphigus vulgaris induced by secukinumab treatment for plaque psoriasis.A 48-year-old man visited our department due to blisters on his lower extremities for over 2 months,and on the trunk and upper extremities for 7 days.He had a 6-year history of psoriasis.After 5 weeks of treatment with secukinumab,blisters appeared on the lower limbs,and after more than 3 months,blisters appeared on the trunk and upper limbs.Dermatological exami-nation revealed well-demarcated erythematous plaques with silvery scales on the scalp.The trunk and limbs exhibited multiple well-defined dark red patches with some silvery scales on the surface,scattered red papules,vesicles,and a positive Nikolsky's sign.The pathological examination of the scalp skin lesions showed epidermal hyperkeratosis and parakeratosis with irregular acanthosis,significant perivascular infiltration of lymphocytes and plasma cells in the dermis.The biopsy of the blister on the right forearm revealed hyperkeratosis,focal incomplete acantholysis of the epi-dermis,and perivascular inflammatory cell infiltration in the dermis.Direct immunofluorescence showed IgG and C3 deposition in a reticular pattern in the epidermis,while both IgA and IgM were negative.Diagnosis:psoriasis(scalp rash)and pemphigus vulgaris(rash of upper limbs).Secukinumab was discontinued,and 10 mg of methotrexate was given orally once weekly.After 6 months of treatments,the effect was inadequate,with new blisters still appearing.Therefore,it was switched to taking oral Cyclosporine soft capsules,50 mg,twice daily.After 1 month of treat-ment,the patient reported no new blisters and noted improvement in the existing psoriasis lesions on the scalp,trunk,and limbs.The patient is currently still under treatment and follow-up.

Abstract:Objective Metagenomic high-throughput sequencing(mNGS)was applied to ana-lyze the differences in the diversity,structure,and abundance of the urethral microbiota between male gonorrhea patients and healthy individuals and to explore the relationship between Neisseria gonorrhoeae(NG)infection and urethral microbiota in the urethra of male gonorrhea patients.Methods Fourteen male gonorrhea patients(NG group)treated at the dermatological clinic of the Sixth People's Hospital of Panyu District from March 2023 to December 2024 were selected.Seventeen healthy individuals served as the control group(HC group).DNA was extracted from urethral swab samples.After removal of host sequences,the resulting data were subjected to high-throughput sequencing.The differences in urethral microbial communities were compared between the two groups.Results The abundance and diversity of the microbiota in male gonorrhea pa-tients was significantly lower than those in the HC group.Abundance of Neisseria was observed at the Order,Family,Genus,and Species levels.The classification model established using the read count of Neisseria accurately distinguished male gonorrhea patients.NG infection was accompanied by an increased abundance of Bacillus spp.compared with other species.Conclusions The ure-thral microbiota of male gonorrhea patients is strikingly distinct from that of healthy individuals in terms of species composition,structure,and diversity.NG infection potentially induces Bacillus spp.to transform into pathogenic microorganisms involved in the onset and progression of urinary tract infections,suggesting that urethral microbiota dysbiosis is a hallmark of gonococcal infection.

Abstract:Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and trends of syphilis in Macau and to provide feasible recommendations for developing syphilis prevention and control measures.Methods Syphilis case data from the Macau Health Bureau from 2016 to 2023 were collected and epidemiologically analyzed in terms of temporal distribution,population characteris-tics,clinical stages,and titer levels.Results From 2016 to 2023,the Macau Health Bureau re-ported 392 cases of syphilis,with an average of 49 cases per year and an annual incidence of ap-proximately 7.2/100 000.The number of cases increased from 2016 to 2019 and decreased from 2020 to 2023.The male-to-female ratio was 2.56∶1,with an average annual incidence rate of 11.5/100 000 for males and 3.76/100 000 for females.The number of syphilis cases increased with age,with the peak incidence occurring in the 30～39 age group.Among the 197 cases from Kiang Wu Hospital,latent syphilis predominated,accounting for 48％of cases.Among cases of symptomatic syphilis,primary syphilis accounted for 9％,secondary syphilis for 23％,and tertia-ry syphilis for 3％.The top three titer distributions were 1∶2(16.7％),1∶32(13.2％),and 1∶1(12.2％),respectively.Conclusions Over the past eight years,the incidence of syphilis in Macau has shown an upward and then downward trend,with a higher incidence among males,a predominance of young and middle-aged people,a high proportion of latent syphilis,and fluctua-ting temporal trends.Syphilis screening and health education should be strengthened for young and middle-aged men to improve early diagnosis ability of latent syphilis.At the same time,preven-tion and control strategies should be adjusted according to the temporal trends of the epidemic to control the spread of syphilis and reduce its harm to the public.

Abstract:Objective To explore the spatial impact characteristics of the major pollutant e-missions in the atmosphere on the number of outpatient and emergency visits to dermatology depart-ments in hospitals across the country,providing a reference for monitoring skin health risks and developing intervention strategies.Methods Data on dermatology outpatient and emergency visits and emissions of major air pollutants(sulfur dioxide,nitrogen oxides,and particulate matter)were collected from 31 provinces(including autonomous regions and municipalities)in China in 2022.A Geographically Weighted Regression(GWR)model was employed to analyze the spatial impact differences in pollutant emissions on the number of outpatient and emergency visits to der-matology,as well as spatial autocorrelation.Results In 2022,the total number of dermatology outpatient and emergency visits in China reached 106 million,accounting for 2.84％of the total outpatient and emergency visits in the country.The global Moran's I index analysis indicated a positive spatial correlation between dermatology outpatient and emergency visits(Moran's I=0.17,P=0.043).The GWR model revealed that sulfur dioxide emission generally had a negative effect on dermatology visits,with the strongest impact observed in the northeastern region.Nitro-gen oxide emission had a generally positive impact,with the effects being most significant in the northeastern and central regions,whereas particulate matter emission had a positive impact in the eastern region but a negative impact in the western region.Conclusions There is evident spatial heterogeneity in the distribution of dermatology outpatient and emergency visits across China,and the impact of various pollutant emissions on the number of visits varies by region.Tailored inter-vention strategies and optimized resource allocation should be implemented based on regional pol-lution characteristics and healthcare infrastructure to promote the coordinated development of pollu-tion control and skin health management.

Abstract:Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of 308 nm excimer laser combined with fire needle therapy in the treatment of vitiligo patients.Methods A total of 69 vitiligo patients were enrolled from the 903 Hospital and randomly divided into a control group(34 cases)and an experimental group(35 cases),using a random number table.The control group received 308 nm excimer laser therapy alone,while the experimental group received a combined treatment with 308 nm excimer laser and fire needle therapy.The vitiligo lesion area,clinical efficacy,and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Furthermore,the relationship between the lesion recovery area and patient age was analyzed in both groups.Results Before the treat-ments at the 8 th and 12 th weeks,as well as at the end of the treatment,the vitiligo lesion area in the experimental group(13.77±2.86,12.24±1.86,and 11.33±1.98,respectively)was sig-nificantly smaller than that in the control group(15.83±3.17,13.95±2.23,and 13.25±2.05,respectively)(all P＜0.01).The overall effective rate was significantly higher in the ex-perimental group than in the control group(94.29％vs.73.53％;x2=5.55,P=0.019).However,the total incidence of adverse reactions did not differ significantly between the two groups(P＞0.05).The recovery area of skin lesions in both groups correlated negatively with age(control group:r=-0.32,P=0.043;experimental group:r=-0.21,P=0.023),with the experimental group showing a smaller slope.Conclusions The clinical effectiveness of 308 nm excimer laser combined with fire needle treatment is remarkable,with a reduction in lesion area,faster repigmentation,suitability for a broad age range,safety and reliability.

Abstract:We report a case of acquired reactive perforating collagen disease with typical der-moscopic features.A 66-year-old woman presented with a 2-year history of generalized erythemas,papules,and itching,which had been aggravated for more than 2 months.Physical examination revealed a large erythema on the back,multiple keratinizing papules with central umbilical fovea in tan color.Erythemas,papules,scratches,and erosions were present on both lower extremities.A surgical scar about 10 cm long was visible on the right abdomen.(Back)Histopathology showed acanthosis,cup-like depression of the epidermis filled with parakeratotic debris,and necrotic col-lagen fibers penetrating the epidermis.Dermatoscopic examination revealed a central yellowish-brown amorphous area with a peripheral white halo,surrounded by pink amorphous area,along with reticular and linear blood vessels.Acquired reactive perforating collagenosis was diagnosed.After one-week treatments with oral Tripterygium wilfordii tablets,Olopatadine tablets,Levocetiri-zine tablets,and Pregabalin capsules,along with topical compounded Miconazole ointment and Polymyxin ointment,and phototherapy,rashes and erosions had basically healed and scabbed o-ver,with significant improvement in itching.After three weeks,a phone follow-up indicated par-tial resolution of the rashes,with itching mostly under control.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the analgesic effect and underlying mechanisms of pulsed radiofrequency(PRF)on the thoracic dorsal root ganglia combined with medication in the treat-ment of elderly patients with severe postherpetic neuralgia(PHN).Methods A total of 121 eld-erly patients with PHN in our hospital from October 2022 to October 2024 were enrolled.They were divided into an observation group and a control group according to different treatment meth-ods.The control group(61 cases)was treated with oral pregabalin and conventional medications,while the observation group(60 cases)received additional PRF on the thoracic dorsal root ganglia on the basis of the treatment given to the control group.Both groups were treated for 12 weeks.The visual analogue scale(VAS)scores and 36-item short form health survey(SF-36)scores were compared between the two groups after 1,4,8,and 12 weeks of treatment.The serum levels of interferon-gamma(IFN-γ),interleukin-4(IL-4),interleukin-10(IL-10),substance P(SP),and neurokinin-1(NK-1)before and after the treatment were compared between the two groups.Results After 1,4,8,and 12 weeks of treatment,both the VAS scores and SF-36 scores in the two groups significantly improved from baseline(P＜0.05).The VAS scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group(P＜0.05),while the SF-36 scores were higher than those of the control group(P＜0.05).After the treatment,the serum levels of IL-10,SP,and NK-1 in both groups were significantly lower than their baseline levels(P＜0.05),and the levels of IL-10,SP,and NK-1 in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05).However,serum levels of IFN-γ and IL-4 did not differed signifi-cantly between the two groups.Conclusions For elderly patients with severe PHN,pulsed radio-frequency on the thoracic dorsal root ganglia,combined with medication,has a significant anal-gesic effect and greatly improves the quality of life.Its mechanisms may be related to inhibiting the inflammatory response,regulating neurotransmitters,and blocking the transmission of pain signals.

Abstract:The capability for scientific innovation is an important manifestation of the compre-hensive abilities of college students in the new era.Cultivating the capability for scientific innova-tion is a crucial goal of undergraduate education and is of great significance for the construction of"A Country Strong in Education".It has become an urgent issue to improve the capability for sci-entific innovation among undergraduates.Current cultivation models,such as the undergraduate tutorial system,face challenges,including insufficient time and energy from tutors and low enthu-siasm among undergraduates,which hinder the achievement of expected outcomes.Based on our teaching reflections and practical experiences,we introduce the concept and development of the"tutor-graduate student-undergraduate student"hierarchical joint cultivation model.It elaborates on how this model enhances undergraduates'capability for scientific innovation through measures such as establishing academic connections,leading scientific research projects,and writing pa-pers.Furthermore,we illustrate the roles of tutors and graduate students in this process,respec-tively.The aim is to provide novel approaches for cultivating the scientific innovation capabilities of undergraduates in China.

Abstract:Erythrodermic psoriasis is a rare and unique type of psoriasis that often occurs in in-dividuals with a history of psoriasis.It can affect people of any age but is more common among middle-aged and elderly individuals.The incidence of erythrodermic psoriasis is relatively low worldwide.However,the specific incidence rate varies due to factors such as region and race.This review summarizes its epidemiology,pathogenesis(such as the activation of the Th17/IL-23 axis,and HLA-C*01:02 gene polymorphism),clinical diagnosis(such as biomarkers,IL-17A and CCL20),and treatment advancements(traditional drugs like methotrexate and new biological agents such as IL-17 inhibitors)related to EP.It also explores objective assessment methods for the severity of EP(such as PASI and DLQI scores)and future research directions(such as gene therapy).

Abstract:Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Liangxue Xiaoban Gran-ules combined with conventional western medicine in treating psoriasis of blood-heat and wind-dry-ness type,and to explore its effects on inflammatory cytokines.Methods Ninety psoriatic pa-tients were randomly assigned to a control group(n=45)and an observation group(n=45).The control group received the standardized conventional western medicine,while the observation group was given Liangxue Xiaoban Granules in addition to the conventional treatment.After 12 weeks of treatment,outcomes were compared between the two groups,including the overall re-sponse rate,psoriasis area and severity index(PASI)score,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome score,and the adverse reaction rates.Additionally,serum levels of interleukin-2(IL-2),interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-8(IL-8),and interferon-gamma(IFN-γ)were compared.Results After 12 weeks of treatment,the total effective rate was significantly higher in the obser-vation group than in the control group(97.62％vs.83.72％,P＜0.05).Compared to the con-trol group,the observation group demonstrated greater reductions in PASI score,TCM syndrome scores(generalized erythema,pruritus,dryness and scaling),and serum levels of IL-2,IL-6,IL-8,and IFN-γ(all P＜0.05 vs.the controls).No severe adverse reactions were observed in any patients during the treatment period.Conclusions The combination therapy of Liangxue Xi-aoban Granules and conventional Western medicine is safe and effective.It can significantly allevi-ate skin lesions,reduce inflammatory irritation,and improve TCM syndrome in psoriatic patients of blood-heat and wind-dryness type.

Abstract:Objective To evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of focused ultrasound versus photodynamic therapy for treating vulvar lichen sclerosus.Methods A total of 112 patients with vulvar lichen sclerosus treated at our hospital from June 2021 to June 2023 were enrolled in this study.Participants were randomly divided into two groups:the focused ultrasound group(n=56)and the photodynamic therapy group(n=56)by the random number table method.Changes in symptoms and signs were compared between the two groups at baseline,post-treatment,and 3-month follow-up.Clinical efficacy and adverse reactions during the treatment period were also compared.Serum levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),and endothelin-1(ET-1)were detected using enzyme-linked immunosor-bent assay(ELISA).A 6-month following-up was conducted to compare the recurrence rates be-tween the two groups.Results Ninety-four patients completed the treatment,with 47 cases in each group.All measured parameters,including symptoms(itching,pain),signs(elasticity,pigmentation),and serum markers(hs-CRP,ET-1),were significantly reduced from baseline to the end of treatment in both groups(all P＜0.05),with further significant reductions at the 3-month follow-up(all P＜0.05 vs.at the end of treatment).At the end of treatment,these scores were significantly lower in the photodynamic therapy group than in the focused ultrasound group(all P＜0.05).No significant differences were observed after the 3-month follow-up(P＞0.05).Serum VEGF levels increased significantly from baseline to the end of treatment in both groups(P＜0.05),with a further increase at the 3-month follow-up(P＜0.05 vs.at the end of treat-ment).The photodynamic therapy group had significantly higher serum VEGF levels than the fo-cused ultrasound group at the end of treatment(P＜0.05),with no significant difference between the two groups after the 3-month follow-up(P＞0.05).No significant differences were observed between the two groups in clinical efficacy,total effective rates,total adverse reaction rates,or re-currence rates(P＞0.05).Conclusions Focused ultrasound and photodynamic therapy demon-strate comparable clinical efficacy and safety in treating vulvar lichen sclerosus,with similar recur-rence risks.However,photodynamic therapy exhibits a faster onset of action in controlling inflam-mation,promoting tissue repair,and alleviating symptoms and signs.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the genetic mutations in a patient and patient's family members from an X-linked dyskeratosis congenita(X-linked DC)pedigree,in order to provide a biological basis for understanding the pathogenesis and prenatal diagnostic counseling of this dis-ease.Methods Clinical data were collected from 11 family members of a patient with X-linked DC.Whole-exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing were performed on peripheral blood DNA from the patient and 4 family members to identify pathogenic variants.Results A c.109_111del(p.Leu37del)mutation was identified in the DKC1 gene of the patient.This mutation is an in-frame deletion,resulting in the loss of leucine at amino acid position 37.The patient's mother and maternal grandmother were carriers of the mutation,while no mutation was detected in either the patient's younger brother or father.Conclusion The hemizygous c.109_111 del in-frame deletion in DKC1 is the causative mutation in this X-DC patient.

Abstract:Objective To explore the effectiveness of mind mapping combined with the tradi-tional Chinese medicine mini-clinical evaluation exercise(TCM-Mini-CEX)teaching method in clinical practice teaching of TCM surgery.Methods Fifty-seven clinical internship students were enrolled in the Dermatology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine between September 2022 and December 2023.These students were divided into the control group(n=26)and the observation group(n=31).The control group received traditional practical teaching methods,which involved attending physicians conduc-ting on-site lectures and teaching rounds,covering aspects such as precautions during patient con-sultations,disease diagnosis,and formulation of treatment plans.Instructors taught the observation group using mind mapping and the TCM-Mini-CEX by selecting representative cases to create mind maps and organized students to participate in simulated scenarios followed by mini-CEX assess-ments.After the course,both groups underwent a closed-book written examination to test their professional knowledge of dermatology.Their comprehensive clinical abilities were evaluated using the TCM-Mini-CEX assessment scale.Additionally,a questionnaire survey was conducted to as-sess students' satisfaction with the teaching method and their professional satisfaction.Results Compared with the control group,students in the observation group demonstrated a significant im-provement in professional knowledge level(t=4.62,P＜0.001).Their comprehensive clinical a-bilities,including medical history taking,physical examination,communication skills,clinical in-terpretation,humanistic care,organizational efficiency,and overall performance,were also signif-icantly enhanced(all P＜0.01).In addition,they expressed higher satisfaction with the teaching method and greater professional identity(all P＜0.01).Conclusion The combination of mind mapping and TCM-Mini-CEX significantly enhances students' clinical practice skills and learning motivation.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of photodynamic therapy com-bined with minocycline for severe acne.Methods One hundred patients with severe acne were enrolled from the dermatology outpatient department of The First Affiliated Hospital of Dali Univer-sity between January 2020 and June 2021.Participants were randomly assigned to either a study group(n=50)or a control group(n=50).The control group received treatment with minocy-cline and adapalene gel.The study group received 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy(5-ALA-PDT)in addition to the standard regimen given to the control group.The two groups were compared in terms of clinical efficacy,course of treatment,safety,and recurrence rates.Results A total of 48 patients in the treatment group and 49 patients in the control group completed the study.At weeks 2,4,and 6,the total effective rates in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group(58.33％vs.30.61％,95.83％vs.77.55％,and 97.92％vs.83.67％,respectively.P＜0.05 for all).GAGS scores of the study group were significantly lower than those of the control group after 4 and 6 weeks of treatment(P＜0.05 for both).The treatment duration was significantly shorter in the study group compared to the control group[24(20.75,32.25)days vs.42(25.50,45.00)days,U=1 827.50,P＜0.001].There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(x2=1.62,P=0.203).Although recurrence rates at 1,3,and 6 months were lower in the study group compared to the control group,the differences were not significant(P＞0.05 for all).Conclusions The combina-tion regimen of photodynamic therapy,minocycline,and adapalene gel demonstrates superior effi-cacy,reduced treatment time,and good safety for severe acne.It can serve as a preferred treat-ment strategy.