Abstract:Objective To observe the impact of bevacizumab combined with gemcitabine on tumor markers and survival in patients with third-line non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods A prospective controlled study design was adopted.A total of 116 patients with non-squamous NSCLC treated at Jinlin Cancer Hospital from Septem-ber 2020 to November 2023 were enrolled in the study and divided into the conventional treatment group with 58 cases and the monoclonal antibody treatment group with 58 cases according to the stratified randomization grouping method.The con-ventional treatment group was treated with cisplatin combined with gemcitabine,while the monoclonal antibody treatment group was given bevacizumab combined with gemcitabine.The therapeutic effect,tumor markers(carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA),cytokeratin 19 fragment(CYFRA21-1),neuron-specific enolase(NSE)),quality of life(European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30(EORTC QLQ-C30)and its lung cancer-specific module(QLQ-LC13)),survival time and incidence of adverse reactions were observed and compared between the conventional treatment group and the monoclonal antibody treatment group.Results After treatment,the objective remission rate(ORR),disease control rate(DCR)and survival rate of the monoclonal antibody treatment group were 34.48%(20/58),86.21%(50/58)and 79.31%(46/58),respectively,higher than 17.24%(10/58),58.62%(34/58)and 50.00%(29/58)of the conventional treatment group,and there were significant differences(χ2=4.496,11.048,10.902,P=0.034,0.001,0.001).The levels of CEA,CYFRA21-1 and NSE of the monoclonal antibody treatment group and the conventional treatment group were lower after treatment than those before treatment.The post-treatment levels of the above indicators in the monoclonal antibody treatment group were(13.97±2.40)μg/L,(10.55±1.17)ng/mL and(12.69±2.24)ng/mL,respectively,lower than(12.19±2.36)μg/L,(9.92±1.08)ng/mL and(11.36±3.05)ng/mL in the conventional treatment group,and there were significant differences(t=4.027,3.013,2.677,P<0.001,P=0.003,P=0.009).The scores of QLQ-C30 function and overall health of the monoclonal antibody treatment group and the conven-tional treatment group were higher after treatment than those before treatment,while the scores of QLQ-C30 symptom and QLQ-LC13 were lower.The scores of QLQ-C30 function and overall health of the monoclonal antibody treatment group were(65.25±8.73)and(67.81±6.57)points,respectively,higher than(61.67±8.10)and(64.13±6.26)points of the control group,and the scores of QLQ-C30 symptom and QLQ-LC13 of the monoclonal antibody treatment group were(29.81±5.20)and(29.11±3.07)points,respectively,lower than(33.18±5.53)and(32.56±3.12)points of the control group,with significant differences(t=2.289,3.008,3.381,6.003,P=0.024,0.003,0.001,<0.001).There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the monoclonal antibody treatment group and the conventional treatment group during treatment(P>0.05).Conclusion Bevacizumab combined with gemcitabine has significant efficacy in the treatment of third-line non-squamous NSCLC.This regimen helps inhibit tumor marker expression,improve quality of life,and prolong survival.Additionally,it exhibits a favorable safety profile.

Abstract:Objective To explore the effect of dapagliflozin combined with metformin on patients with type 2 dia-betes mellitus(T2DM)and heart failure of reduced ejection fraction(HFrEF).Methods A total of 160 patients with T2DM complicated with HFrEF who were admitted to Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of The People's Hospital of Langfang City from January 2020 to December 2023 were selected and divided into the metformin group(n=80,treated with the conventional anti-heart failure plus metformin)and the dapagliflozin combination group(n=80,treated with dapagliflozin on the basis of the metformin group)by using the computer-generated random number table method.All the patients in both groups were treated for 1 month.The clinical efficacy,glucose metabolism indexes(fasting plasma glucose(FPG),2-hour postprandial blood glucose(2hPG),homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR)),serum biochemical indexes(cystatin C(CysC),N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP)),ventricular remodeling parameters(left ventricular end-dia-stolic volume index(LVEDVI),left ventricular end-systolic volume index(LVESVI),left ventricular mass index(LVMI),left ventricular remodeling index(LVRI))and major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE)were compared between the two groups.Results The total effective rate was 97.50%(78/80)in the dapagliflozin combination group and 86.25%(69/80)in the metformin group(χ2=4.353,P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of FPG,2hPG,HOMA-IR,CysC and NT-proBNP in the the dapagliflozin combination group were(7.18±1.52)mmol/L,(9.11±1.47)mmol/L,(2.77±0.46),(1.08±0.27)mg/L and(1 805.27±320.46)pg/mL,lower than those before treatment((9.48±2.46)mmol/L,(12.74±3.28)mmol/L,(4.98±0.87),(2.76±0.76)mg/L,(2 257.08±526.84)pg/mL),and the above indexes in the dapagliflozin combination group were lower than those in the metformin group(all P<0.05).The levels of LVEDVI,LVESVI,LVMI and LVRI in the dapagliflozin combination group were(47.18±1.15)mL/m2,(31.54±2.59)mL/m2,(109.54±14.28)g/m2 and(1.98±0.14)g/mL,lower than those before treatment((52.69±2.61)mL/m2,(37.49±2.54)mL/m2,(124.59±25.36)g/m2,(2.79±0.64)g/mL),and the above indexes in the dapagliflozin combination group were lower than those in the metformin group(all P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of MACE between the dapagliflozin combination group and the metformin group(11.25%(9/80)vs 8.75%(7/80),χ2=0.278,P>0.05).Conclusion Dapagliflozin combined with metformin can improve glucose metabolism,cardiac and renal function,and reverse ventricular remodeling in patients with T2DM and HFrEF.

Abstract:Objective To observe the efficacy of rebamipide combined with vonoprazan in the treatment of artificial ulcer after endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD).Methods A total of 106 patients with artificial ulcers after ESD admitted to the Digestive Endoscopy Center of Nanyang Second General Hospital from December 2021 to December 2024 were selected and divided into the monotherapy group and the combination group according to the random number table method,with 53 cases in each group.Patients in the monotherapy group received vonoprazan treatment,while those in the combination group received rebamipide in addition to the monotherapy regimen.Both groups received continuous treatment for 6 weeks.The ulcer healing status(including ulcer area),gastrointestinal symptom scores,36-Item Short Form Health Survey(SF-36)scores,gastrointesti-nal hormones(including gastrin and motilin),inflammatory factors(including C-reactive protein(CRP),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),and interleukin-6(IL-6)),as well as the quality of ulcer healing,overall clinical effectiveness rate,and incidence of adverse reactions after treatment were compared between the two groups.Results The overall clinical response rate in the combination group was higher than that in the monotherapy group(90.57%(48/53)vs 73.58%(39/53)),and the difference was statistically significant(χ2=5.194,P<0.05).After treatment,the ulcer area in both the combination group and the monotherapy group((33.12±8.15)mm2,(41.24±7.48)mm2,respectively)was significantly smaller than those before treatment((128.45±23.23),(127.93±29.85)mm2,respectively),and the ulcer area in the combination group was smaller than that in the monotherapy group,with a statistically significant difference(t=5.344,P<0.05).After treatment,the quality of ulcer healing in the combina-tion group was higher than that in the monotherapy group(84.91%(45/53)vs 67.92%(36/53)),and this difference was statis-tically significant(χ2=4.240,P<0.05).After treatment,the gastrointestinal symptom scores in both the combination group and the monotherapy group((24.12±2.33),(26.57±3.13)points,respectively)were lower than those before treatment((34.61±4.23),(34.43±4.92)points,respectively),and the score in the combination group was lower than that in the monotherapy group,with a statistically significant difference(t=4.571,P<0.05).The SF-36 scores in the combination group and the monotherapy group((76.79±7.22),(65.51±7.24)points,respectively)were higher than those before treatment((58.71±6.30),(58.65±6.27)points,respectively),and the score in the combination group was significantly higher than that in the monotherapy group,with a statis-tically significant difference(t=8.031,P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of gastrin and motilin in both the combination group and the monotherapy group((98.25±13.32),(102.35±28.35),(120.35±15.77),(132.52±30.44)ng/L,respectively)were lower than those before treatment((141.25±18.58),(287.35±36.68),(141.32±18.66),(275.58±35.52)ng/L,respectively).Furthermore,the levels of gastrin and motilin in the combination group were lower than those in the monotherapy group,and the differences were statistically significant(t=7.794,5.245,both P<0.05).After treatment,CRP,TNF-α,and IL-6 levels in the combination group and the monotherapy group((3.24±1.54)mg/L,(24.10±3.29)pg/mL,(5.33±1.20)ng/L,(4.64±1.78)mg/L,(26.83±3.67)pg/mL,(7.56±1.25)ng/L,respectively)were lower than those before treatment((9.63±1.67)mg/L,(33.14±4.10)pg/mL,(11.21±2.13)ng/L,(9.25±1.36)mg/L,(32.95±4.23)pg/mL,(11.62±2.73)ng/L,respectively),and the levels in the combination group were lower than those in the monotherapy group(t=4.330,4.032,9.369,all P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions in the combination group was 13.21%(7/53),compared to 20.75%(11/53)in the monotherapy group,and the difference was not statistically significant(χ2=1.071,P>0.05).Conclusion Rebamipide combined with vonoprazan is significantly effective in treating artificial ulcers after ESD.It can effectively promote ulcer healing,improve quality of life,alleviate gastrointestinal symptoms and inflammatory re-sponses,with a good safety profile.

Abstract:Objective To observe the efficacy of methylprednisolone combined with high-flow nasal cannula(HFNC)oxygen therapy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)patients with respiratory failure.Methods A retrospective cohort study design was adopted.Clinical data of 120 COPD patients with respiratory failure who met the inclusion and exclu-sion criteria were extracted from the electronic medical record system of Yiwu Central Hospital from July 2024 to April 2025.Patients were naturally divided into two groups according to the treatment regimens recorded in medical records.Data were independently extracted and quality-checked by two researchers,with a Cohen's kappa coefficient of 0.85.The conventional treatment group(n=60)received conventional anti-infection treatment,assisted PDCA(Plan-Do-Check-Act)rehabilitation,and HFNC as recorded in medical records,while the methylprednisolone group(n=60)received additional methylprednisolone so-dium succinate on the basis of the conventional treatment group.Arterial blood gas indicators,inflammatory markers,improve-ment in dyspnea,and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results After treatment,arterial partial pres-sure of oxygen and oxygen saturation in the methylprednisolone group((72.85±6.13)mmHg,(91.20±4.13)%,respectively)were higher than those in the conventional treatment group((69.98±6.06)mmHg,(89.23±4.54)%),respectively),and arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the methylprednisolone group((42.87±5.19)mmHg)was lower than that in the conventional treat-ment group((45.24±5.38)mmHg)(t=2.579,2.486,2.456,all P<0.05).The levels of C-reactive protein,procalcitonin,and serum amyloid A in the methylprednisolone group((7.38±2.15)mg/L,(0.54±0.15)ng/L,(27.65±6.13)mg/L,respectively)were lower than those in the conventional treatment group((9.75±2.27)mg/L,(0.81±0.30)ng/L,(30.81±7.20)mg/L,respectively)(t=5.872,6.235,2.589,all P<0.05).The dyspnea index score in the methylprednisolone group((1.22±0.50)points)was lower than that of the conventional treatment group((1.80±0.62)points)(t=5.641,P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(10.00%(6/60)vs 5.00%(3/60))(χ2=1.081,P=0.298).Conclusion The combination of methylprednisolone and HFNC therapy can improve oxygenation,reduce inflammatory status and alleviate dyspnea,without increasing the risk of adverse reactions in COPD patients with respiratory failure.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the effect of combined therapy with sacubitril/valsartan sodium and enhanced external counterpulsation(EECP)on patients with coronary heart disease and angina pectoris after percutaneous coronary inter-vention(PCI).Methods A total of 98 patients with angina pectoris after PCI admitted to Baoji People's Hospital from October 2020 to October 2023 were randomly allocated to the control group(n=49,receiving conventional medication and EECP)and the observation group(n=49,receiving conventional medication,EECP and sacubitril/valsartan sodium)using a random number table method.Both groups were treated for 4 weeks.The efficacy of angina pectoris symptoms,cardiac function indicators and in-flammatory factors levels before and after treatment,and the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE)after sur-gery were evaluated in the two groups.Results The total effective rate was significantly higher in the observation group(93.88%,46/49)than in the control group(73.47%,36/49)(χ2=7.470,P<0.05).After treatment,the observation group showed significantly lower values than the control group in left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(50.42±3.25 mm vs 56.43±4.36 mm),left ventric-ular end-systolic diameter(40.28±6.39 mm vs 49.85±7.28 mm),tumor necrosis factor-α(12.64±2.68 ng/L vs 17.52±3.29 ng/L),interleukin-6(10.34±2.46 ng/L vs 15.69±3.66 ng/L),and C-reactive protein(12.85±3.88 mg/L vs 16.49±4.36 mg/L)(t=7.736,6.916,8.050,8.492,4.366,all P<0.05).The left ventricular ejection fraction was significantly higher in the observation group((56.87±6.62)%)than in the control group((50.66±7.91)%)(t=4.214,P<0.05).No statistically significant difference was found in the incidence of MACE between the two groups(χ2=0.154,P>0.05).Conclusion The combination of sacubitril/valsartan so-dium and EECP can effectively improve the angina pectoris symptoms,enhance the cardiac function,alleviate the inflammatory response,and reduce the adverse cardiovascular events in patients with coronary heart disease and angina pectoris after PCI.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of bovine pulmonary surfactant versus po-ractant alfa Injection combined with budesonide in the treatment of preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome(RDS).Methods A total of 152 preterm infants with RDS admitted to Xingtai Central Hospital from June 2023 to June 2025 were ret-rospectively enrolled and divided into two groups based on the type of pulmonary surfactant(PS)used.The bovine PS group was treated with bovine pulmonary surfactant combined with budesonide,and the porcine PS group was treated with poractant alfa injection combined with budesonide,with 76 cases in each group.Both groups received continuous treatment until recovery or up to 7 days.Medical records were collected and statistically analyzed to compare the time to clinical improvement,oxygenation index(OI),respiratory rate(RR),arterial blood gas parameters before and after treatment,and the incidence of adverse events between the two groups.Results After treatment,the porcine PS group showed significantly shorter times to dyspnea relief((35.12±6.56)h vs(45.34±7.32)h),cyanosis disappearance((26.45±4.87)h vs(33.12±4.54)h),and oxygen therapy duration((52.18±8.67)h vs(65.32±9.45)h)compared to the bovine PS group(t=9.064,8.734,8.932,all P<0.05).The arterial partial pres-sure of oxygen and pH in the porcine PS group were significantly higher than those in the bovine PS group((95.67±9.57)mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)vs(85.53±9.33)mmHg,(7.32±0.09)vs(7.29±0.08)),while the arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide and the fraction of inspired oxygen were significantly lower((42.34±12.67)mmHg vs(47.22±13.17)mmHg,(28.94±3.70)%vs(32.34±4.12)%)(t=6.614,2.172,-2.328,-5.353,all P<0.05).The OI in the porcine PS group was significantly higher than that in the bovine PS group((330.58±22.92)mmHg vs(264.47±21.18)mmHg),while the RR was significantly lower((53.11±6.56)breaths/min vs(56.26±7.02)breaths/min)(t=18.468,-2.858,both P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse events between the two groups(15.79%(12/76)vs 13.16%(10/76),χ2=0.213,P>0.05).Conclusion Po-ractant alfa Injection combined with budesonide is more effective than bovine pulmonary surfactant combined with budesonide in the treatment of preterm infants with RDS,as it better improves the OI,reduces respiratory rate,and optimizes blood gas pa-rameters,with a comparable safety profile.

Abstract:Objective To evaluate the efficacy of different cefoperazone-sulbactam dosing regimens against Acineto-bacter baumannii bloodstream infections using Monte Carlo simulation,comparing traditional infusion therapy(TIT),prolonged infusion therapy(PIT),and optimized two-step infusion therapy(OTIT).Methods The antimicrobial susceptibility testing results of Acinetobacter baumannii to cefoperazone-sulbactam in the Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from 2023 to 2024 were collected.Monte Carlo simulation was employed to calculate the probability of target attainment(PTA)and cumu-lative fraction of response(CFR)for various regimens differing in dose,dosing interval,infusion duration,and infusion mode.PTA≥90%and CFR≥90%served as the metrics for optimal targeted and empirical therapy,respectively.Results Shortening the dosing interval,prolonging the infusion duration,and increasing the dosage improved both PTA and CFR.The order of PTA and CFR among the three infusion modes was determined to be OTIT>PIT>TIT.Each regimen had a minimal inhibitory con-centration(MIC)threshold.When the MIC was below this threshold,a PTA>90%could be achieved by prolonging the infusion duration and utilizing the OTIT mode.However,when the MIC exceeded the threshold,none of the optimization strategies could achieve a PTA above 90%.The MIC thresholds were 4/2 mg/L for 3 g q12h regimen,8/4 mg/L for 6 g q12h regimen,16/8 mg/L for both 3 g q8h and 3 g q6h regimen,and 32/16 mg/L for both 6 g q8h and 6 g q6h regimen.For targeted therapy,the maximum approved dose of 6 g q12h was only effective against Acinetobacter baumannii with an MIC≤8/4 mg/L.For Acinetobacter bau-mannii strains with MIC of 16/8-32/16 mg/L,PTA>90%could be achieved by optimizing the regimens to 3 g q8h,3 g q6h,6 g q8h,or 6 g q6h and prolonging the infusion duration based on OTIT framework.For empirical therapy,the CFR for all dosing regimens was below 90%.Conclusion To enhance the efficacy of cefoperazone-sulbactam in the treatment of Acinetobacter baumannii bloodstream infections,optimized dosing strategies should be considered,such as prolonging the infusion duration,shortening the administration interval,increasing the dosage,and adjusting the administration mode.The higher the MIC,the more beneficial these optimization measures are likely to be.

Abstract:Objective To explore the clinical effect of enoxaparin sodium combined with allylestrenol in the treat-ment of patients with recurrent abortion(RA).Methods The medical data was collected from a total of 120 patients with RA who were treated in Fuyang People's Hospital from March 2022 to August 2023.These patients were enrolled in the study and divided into the control group and the observation group using a random number table method,with 60 cases in each group.The control group was treated with allylestrenol and the observation group was given enoxaparin sodium combined with al-lylestrenol.The medication was administered to both groups until 12th week of pregnancy.The clinical efficacy,coagulation function,serum vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1(sFlt-1),sex hormone levels,adverse reactions,and pregnancy preservation outcomes were compared between the two groups.Results After treatment,the total effective rate of the observation group was 88.33%(53/60),higher than 73.33%(44/60)of the control group(χ2=4.357,P<0.05);the success rate of fetal preservation was 83.33%(50/60)in the observation group,higher than 66.67%(40/60)in the control group(χ2=4.444,P<0.05).After treatment,the thrombin time and prothrombin time((15.16±1.22),(12.66±1.06)s)of the observation group were longer than those of the control group((14.41±1.13),(11.78±1.05)s);the levels of D-dimer and fibrinogen((115.37±32.4),(3.46±0.32)g/L,respectively)were lower than those of the control group((200.45±38.5),(4.05±0.38)g/L,respectively),and there were statistically significant differences(t=3.494,4.569,13.076,9.180,all P<0.05).The levels of serum VEGF,β-human chorionic gonadotropin,progesterone,luteinizing hormones and estradiol of the observa-tion group were respectively(180.47±40.12)ng/L,(15550.24±2325.63)mIU/mL,(37.53±3.77)ng/mL,(48.72±8.14)U/L and(512.32±86.37)pg/mL,higher than(157.86±36.48)ng/L,(14 185.28±2 274.85)mIU/mL,(34.89±3.58)ng/mL,(43.76±7.96)U/L and(472.78±80.57)pg/mL of the control group;the sFlt-1 level of the observation group was(1 675.42±400.53)ng/L,lower than(2 008.19±380.16)ng/L of the control group;there were statistically significant differences in the above indexes between the two groups(t=3.230,3.250,3.933,3.375,2.593,4.690,all P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions was 3.33%(2/60)in the observation group and 6.67%(4/60)in the control group,with no statistically significant difference between the two groups(Fisher's exact test,P=0.679).Conclusion The combination of enoxaparin sodium and allylestrenol can exert remarkable clini-cal effect,improve coagulation function of the RA patients and effectively regulate the levels of serum VEGF and sFlt-1.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the effect of deproteinized calf blood extract eye drops combined with toric or-thokeratology lenses in children with myopia and astigmatism.Methods A prospective controlled study design was adopted.A total of 87 children(174 eyes)with myopia and astigmatism who visited Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University and underwent toric orthokeratology from September 2020 to February 2022 were divided into the observation group(43 cases,86 eyes)and the control group(44 cases,88 eyes)using a random number table method.Both groups wore toric orthoker-atology lenses,while the observation group additionally received deproteinized calf blood extract eye drops during the daytime.The post-treatment efficacy and complication rates were compared between the observation group and the control group.Results After one month of treatment,the objective scattering index in the observation group(1.06±0.35)was lower than that in the control group(1.19±0.37)(t=2.379,P<0.05).The tear film lipid layer thickness and tear film breakup time in the observation group((60.76±11.18)nm and(7.09±2.39)s,respectively)were higher than those in the control group((56.24±10.59)nm and(6.35±2.27)s,respectively)(t=2.738,2.094,both P<0.05).After one month of treatment,the Ocular Surface Disease Index(OSDI)scores increased in both groups,with the control group score being higher than that of the observation group((3.08±0.87)vs(2.67±0.85),t=3.144,P<0.05).After treatment,corneal curvature and uncorrected visual acuity(LogMAR)decreased,while the surface regularity index increased in both groups.However,after one month of treatment,there were no statistically significant differences in terms of corneal curvature,uncorrected visual acuity(LogMAR)values,and corneal surface regularity index between the two groups(t=0.455,0.775,0.231,all P>0.05).There were no statistically significant within-group differences in spherical equivalent refraction or axial length before and after treatment in either group,nor were there statistically significant between-group differences(t=0.165,0.322,both P>0.05).The complication rates were 9.30%(8/86)in the observation group and 14.77%(13/88)in the control group,with no statistically significant difference(χ2=1.226,P>0.05).Conclusion The com-bination of deproteinized calf blood extract and toric orthokeratology lenses demonstrates good safety in children with myopic astigmatism.It can improve corneal epithelial damage and maintain tear film stability,without interfering with the corrective efficacy of the orthokeratology lenses themselves.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of midazolam combined with acetaminophen in children with complex febrile seizures.Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted.Medical records of children with complex febrile seizures admitted to Suzhou BenQ Medical Center from January 2022 to December 2024 were collected from the electronic medical record system,with a total of 103 cases included.According to the actual treatment regimens recorded in the medical re-cords,the children were divided into two groups:those who received acetaminophen monotherapy were included in the monother-apy group(53 cases),and those who received midazolam combined with acetaminophen were included in the combination therapy group(50 cases).Clinical efficacy,treatment-related time indicators(time to seizure cessation,time to fever reduction,length of hospital stay),serum levels of brain injury markers(neuron-specific enolase,S-100β protein,glial fibrillary acidic protein),and incidence of adverse reactions were extracted from medical records and compared between the two groups.Results The total effective rate in the combination therapy group was 88.00%(44/50),higher than 67.92%(36/53)in the monotherapy group(χ²=5.979,P=0.014).The time to seizure cessation,time to fever reduction,and length of hospital stay in the combination ther-apy group((2.38±0.35)min,(4.91±1.04)h,(4.20±0.63)d,respectively)were all shorter than those in the monotherapy group((4.79±0.71)min,(6.54±1.23)h,(6.36±0.95)d,respectively),with statistically significant differences(t=21.645,7.241,13.515,all P<0.05).After treatment,the serum levels of S-100β protein,neuron-specific enolase,and glial fibrillary acidic protein in both groups decreased compared to pre-treatment,and the levels of these indicators in the combination therapy group((0.52±0.07)μg/L,(14.56±1.72)ng/L,(30.24±3.60)ng/L,respectively)were significantly lower than those in the monotherapy group((0.93±0.11)μg/L,(18.03±1.98)ng/L,(38.65±4.63)ng/L,respectively)(t=22.416,9.471,10.249,all P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions was 14.00%(7/50)in the combination therapy group and 5.66%(3/53)in the monotherapy group,with no statistically significant dif-ference(χ²=0.813,P=0.367).Conclusion For children with complex febrile seizures,the treatment regimen of midazolam com-bining with acetaminophen can obtain the higher clinical efficacy,shorter time to symptom resolution and hospital stay,and lower serum levels of brain nerve injury markers,without significantly increasing the risk of adverse reactions.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the efficacy of metoprolol combined with sacubitril/valsartan in the treatment of post-percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)and its effect on left ventricular remodeling.Methods A prospective ran-domized controlled trial was conducted.A total of 104 patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI)undergoing PCI treated Cangzhou People's Hospital from May 2024 to May 2025 was selected and divided into a control group and an observation group using a random number table method,with 52 cases in each group.The control group was treated with metoprolol,while the observation group was treated with metoprolol combined with sacubitril/valsartan.The efficacy,cardiac function in-dicators,left ventricular remodeling indicators,laboratory indicators and major adverse cardiovascular events were compared between the two groups.Results The total effective rate in the observation group was 94.23%(49/52),significantly higher than 80.77%(42/52)in the control group(χ2=4.308,P<0.05).After treatment,the left ventricular end-diastolic dimension,left ventricular end-systolic dimension,and left ventricular mass index in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group,while the left ventricular ejection fraction was significantly higher((50.37±4.77)mm vs(53.95±4.28)mm,(41.22±4.16)mm vs(44.38±4.12)mm,(101.33±10.56)g/m2 vs(106.73±11.01)g/m2,(53.66±5.06)%vs(49.71±4.72)%)(t=-4.028,-3.892,-2.553,4.116,all P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein,interleukin-6,and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP)in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group((6.01±1.02)mg/L vs(7.13±1.11)mg/L,(5.22±0.98)ng/L vs(6.73±1.02)ng/L,(262.76±38.52)pg/mL vs(308.25±41.89)pg/mL)(t=-5.358,-7.698,-5.764,all P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events between the observation group(3.85%(2/52))and the control group(13.46%(7/52))(χ2=1.946,P=0.163).Conclusion For post-PCI patients,metoprolol combined with sacubitril/valsartan can effectively inhibit and reduce the expression of inflammatory factors and NT-proBNP,inhibit left ventricular remodeling,and improve cardiac function,demonstrating good clinical efficacy.

Abstract:Objective To compare of the clinical efficacy of tolvaptan and furosemide in the treatment of elderly patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction(HFpEF).Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted.A total of 146 elderly patients with HFpEF admitted to Department of Cardiology,Hai'an People's Hospital from January 2023 to December 2024 were enrolled from the medical record system and divided into groups based on the main diuretic treatment regimen actually received during hospitalization:75 patients who received conventional intravenous furosemide injection were assigned to the conventional group,and 71 patients who received oral tolvaptan were assigned to the tolvaptan group.The clin-ical efficacy,cardiac function indicators,serum creatinine,24-hour urine output,daily total fluid intake before and after treat-ment,and the incidence of adverse reactions during treatment were compared between the conventional group and the tolvaptan group.Results The total effective rate was 83.10%(59/71)in the tolvaptan group and 66.67%(50/75)the conventional group,with the tolvaptan group showing a significantly higher rate(χ2=5.205,P=0.023).After treatment,left ventricular end-systolic diameter and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter in the tolvaptan group were(36.12±3.97)and(49.21±3.93)mm,respective-ly,lower than those in the conventional group((41.38±4.55)and(52.09±4.18)mm),with statistically significant differences(t=7.426,4.284,both P<0.05).After treatment,serum creatinine in the tolvaptan group was(92.46±8.83)μmol/L,lower than that in the conventional group((108.97±9.60)μmol/L),while the 24-hour urine output in the tolvaptan group was(1 983.71±238.04)mL,higher than that in the conventional group((1 813.58±217.62)mL),with statistically significant differences(t=10.798,4.511,both P<0.05).After treatment,there was no statistically significant difference in the daily total fluid intake between the two groups(t=1.883,P>0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse re-actions between the tolvaptan group and the conventional group(26.76%(19/71)vs 24.00%(18/75),χ2=0.147,P=0.702).Conclusion Compared to furosemide,tolvaptan can better improve the total treatment efficacy and diuretic effect in elderly patients with HFpEF,simultaneously improving cardiac and renal function,with a favorable safety profile.

Abstract:Objective To analyze the efficacy of ivabradine in the treatment of patients with chronic heart failure(CHF)complicated with arrhythmia.Methods A prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted.A total of 118 patients with CHF complicated with arrhythmia treated at the Second People's Hospital of Hengshui from January 2022 to January 2025 were selected and divided into the ivabradine group and the control group in equal proportions using a simple randomization method(SAS 9.4 random sequence).The control group was treated with metoprolol succinate,while the ivabradine group was given ivabradine in addition to this regimen.The course of treatment was 12 weeks.Cardiac function indicators,heart rate variability(HRV)indicators,and vascular endothelial function indicators were compared before and after treatment,and the incidence rates of drug-related adverse reactions were compared after treatment.Results After 12 weeks of treatment,left ventricular ejection fraction and flow-mediated dilation in the ivabradine group((50.34±2.26)%and(9.42±1.59)%)were significantly higher than(47.97±2.39)%and(8.70±1.74)%in the control group(t=5.534,2.346,both P<0.05),while left ventricular end-diastolic diam-eter and left ventricular posterior wall thickness in the ivabradine group((54.71±4.26)and(8.26±1.63)mm)were significantly lower than(58.20±4.59)and(9.04±1.70)mm in the control group(t=4.280,2.544,both P<0.05).No statistical significance in standard deviation of the NN intervals(SDNN)was found in the control group before and after treatment(P>0.05).After treat-ment,the SDNN and root mean square of successive differences in the ivabradine group((110.28±14.19)and(29.28±5.60)ms)were significantly higher than(102.03±12.48)and(25.90±5.52)ms in the control group,while the low frequency/high fre-quency ratio in the ivabradine group(2.0(1.7,2.6))was significantly lower than(2.3(1.9,3.0))in the control group(t=3.353,3.301,Z=3.384,all P<0.05).After treatment,the serum levels of endothelin-1,von Willebrand factor in the ivabradine group((6.73±1.14),(6.92±1.04)ng/mL)were significantly lower than those in the control group((7.35±1.32),(7.57±1.18)ng/mL)(t=2.730,3.174,both P<0.05).There was no statistical difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the ivabradine group(11.83%(7/59))and the control group(8.45%(5/59))(χ2=0.371,P=0.542).Conclusion The application of ivabradine in patients with CHF complicated by arrhythmia can improve cardiac function and HRV indicators.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of tirofiban combined with mechanical thrombectomy and intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator(rt-PA)in patients with acute cerebral infarc-tion(ACI).Methods A total of 118 patients with ACI admitted to Xingtai Central Hospital from August 2022 to June 2025 were selected and divided into the observation group(n=59)and the control group(n=59)according to the random number table method.The control group received mechanical thrombectomy combined with rt-PA intravenous thrombolysis,and the observation group received tirofiban combined with mechanical thrombectomy and rt-PA intravenous thrombolysis.Both groups were treated for 2 weeks.The clinical efficacy,levels of inflammatory factors and vascular endothelial function indicators,National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS)scores,modified Rankin Scale(mRS)scores,short-term prognosis,and incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups were compared.Results The total effective rate was 94.92%(56/59)in the observation group,higher than 83.05%(49/59)in the control group(χ2=4.236,P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of C-reactive protein,interleukin-6,and tumor necrosis factor-α in the observation group((7.36±0.87)mg/L,(25.32±7.64)pg/mL,and(15.43±5.33)pg/mL)were all lower than those in the control group((9.14±1.13)mg/L,(32.51±8.22)pg/mL,and(21.80±6.15)pg/mL)(t=9.587,4.921,6.012,all P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of nitric oxide and vascular endothelial growth factor in the observation group((62.11±7.69)μmol/L and(304.28±31.25)pg/mL,respectively)were higher than those in the control group((58.48±6.24)μmol/L and(261.21±23.82)pg/mL,respectively),while the level of endothelin-1((33.32±5.21)pg/mL)was lower than that in the control group((41.25±6.38)pg/mL)(t=2.816,8.419,7.395,all P<0.05).After treatment,the NIHSS scores((7.22±0.76)points)and mRS scores((1.24±0.32)points)in observation group were lower than that in control group((9.36±1.45)points and(1.55±0.34)points,respectively)(t=10.041,5.100,both P<0.05).The rate of favorable prognosis was 71.19%(42/59)in observation group,higher than 52.54%(31/59)in con-trol group(χ2=4.346,P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions was 11.86%(7/59)in the observation group and 8.47%(5/59)in the control group,showing non-statistically significant difference(χ2=0.371,P>0.05).Conclusion Tirofiban combined with me-chanical thrombectomy and rt-PA intravenous thrombolysis is effective in treating ACI patients.It significantly reduces the levels of inflammatory factors,effectively improves vascular endothelial function,promotes the recovery of neurological function,enhances short-term prognosis,and demonstrates a good safety profile.

Abstract:A 71-year-old female patient was admitted to on January 18,2024,due to"intermittent upper abdominal discomfort for more than 10 years and jaundice for 1 month".After admission,relevant examinations were completed,and she was diagnosed with liver damage and acute-on-chronic liver failure.On January 22,2024,due to pulmonary infection with fever,sputum culture results indicated Aspergillus fumigatus infection,and voriconazole was administered for treatment.On January 28,2024,omeprazole was administered for gastric discomfort.Shortly after the combined treatment of voriconazole and ome-prazole,the patient developed symptoms of neuromuscular injury,with a sharp rise in creatine kinase and myoglobin levels.No other disease factors that might cause such symptoms were found.Based on the aforementioned clinical manifestations and a de-tailed analysis of the patient's medication history,it was strongly suspected that the muscle injury was induced by voriconazole.Considering the disease course,medication status and the consultation opinions from the pharmacy department,rhabdomyolysis was suspected,and a potential association with voriconazole could not be ruled out.After drug discontinuation,the patient's symptoms alleviated,and the levels of creatine kinase and myoglobin returned to normal.Therefore,attention should be paid to drug-drug interaction risks when voriconazole is co-administered with other medications,particularly for serious and rare ad-verse reactions such as rhabdomyolysis.

Abstract:Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of methylprednisolone combined with acetylcysteine broncho-alveolar lavage in the treatment of severe Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(SMPP)in children.Methods A prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted.A total of 95 children with SMPP admitted to Henan Children's Hospital from June 2024 to June 2025 were enrolled.After screening exclusions and treatment dropouts,45 cases were ultimately included in each group.The control group received bronchoalveolar lavage with methylprednisolone+normal saline,while the observation group received bronchoalveolar lavage with methylprednisolone+acetylcysteine.The treatment effectiveness rate,time to symptom relief,pulmonary function indices,serum inflammatory factors,and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results The total effective rate was higher in the observation group than in the control group(93.33%(42/45)vs 77.78%(35/45),χ2=4.406,P<0.05).After treatment,the resolution times for fever,cough,and lung rales,as well as the length of hospital stay were shorter in the observation group compared to the control group(t=6.429,5.451,7.218,4.618,all P<0.05).Forced expiratory volume in one second,forced vital capacity,and peak expiratory flow were all significantly improved in the observation group(t=5.914,6.459,7.353,all P<0.05).After treatment,the observation group showed lower levels of tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein compared to the control group(t=11.017,9.344,9.499,all P<0.05).No statistically significant difference was observed in the incidence of adverse reactions between the the observation group and the control group(13.33%(6/45)vs 15.56%(7/45),χ2=0.090,P>0.05).Conclusion Methylprednisolone combined with acetyl-cysteine bronchoalveolar lavage for treating SMPP in children can enhance therapeutic efficacy,alleviate symptoms,improve pulmonary function,and control inflammation,without increasing the risk of adverse reactions.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of escitalopram combined with paliperidone in the treatment of patients with schizophrenia and comorbid depressive symptoms.Methods A prospective randomized con-trolled trial was conducted.A total of 92 patients with schizophrenia and depressive symptoms admitted to Pingdingshan Psy-chiatric Hospital from May 2023 to February 2025 were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups using a random number table method.Ultimately,85 patients completed the study(42 cases in the study group and 43 cases in the control group).The control group was treated with paliperidone,while the study group received escitalopram oxalate in addition to the paliperidone regimen.Both groups were treated continuously for 12 weeks.Clinical symptoms,depression severity,cognitive and social function,and adverse reactions were assessed.Results After treatment,the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS)scores decreased in both groups compared to baseline.The PANSS scores in the study group at 8 weeks and 12 weeks of treat-ment((60.29±7.35)and(52.62±6.84)points)were lower than those in the control group((65.47±8.21)and(58.93±7.52)points)(t=3.062,4.044,both P<0.05).After treatment,the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale(HAMD)sores also decreased in both groups compared to baseline.The HAMD scores in the study group at 4,8,and 12 weeks of treatment((16.38±3.12),(13.57±2.68),and(11.04±2.15)points)were lower than those in the control group((18.25±3.04),(16.36±2.87),and(13.89±2.54)points)(t=2.799,4.630,5.577,all P<0.05).After treatment,the Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA)scores improved in both groups.The study group had significantly higher MoCA scores than the control group at week 4((17.76±2.62)points vs(15.58±2.51)points),week 8((19.98±2.85)points vs(16.87±2.72)points),and week 12((22.32±3.05)points vs(17.65±2.81)points)(t=3.918,5.147,7.344,all P<0.05).The Personal and Social Performance(PSP)scale scores improved in both groups after treatment.The PSP scores in the study group at 4 weeks,8 weeks,and 12 weeks of treatment((48.63±3.52),(57.86±3.61),and(66.35±3.42)points)were higher than those in the control group((46.95±3.41),(54.76±3.68),and(60.18±3.79)points)(t=2.235,3.920,7.874,all P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions was 26.19%(11/42)in the study group and 23.26%(10/43)in the control group,with no statistically significant difference(χ2=0.098,P>0.05).Conclusion Compared to paliperidone monotherapy,the combination of escitalopram and paliperidone provides additional benefits for patients with schizophrenia and depressive symptoms.It can further improve patients'psychotic symptoms,depressive mood,cognitive function,and social functioning.Notably,it demonstrates a more significant trend of improvement in depression and cognition as early as 4 weeks into treatment,and maintains superior efficacy over 12 weeks,without increasing the risk of adverse reactions.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the efficacy of procaterol combined with theophylline sodium glycinate in treatment of acute exacerbations of bronchial asthma(BA)and observe its impact on the host immune microenvironment.Methods A total of 100 patients with acute exacerbations of BA who were treated in The Second Naval Hospital of South-ern Theater Command of PLA between March 2021 and March 2024 were enrolled in the study and randomly divided into the control group and the observation group,with 50 cases in each group.The control group was treated with theophylline sodium glycinate and the observation group was given procaterol combined with theophylline sodium glycinate.Both groups were treat-ed for 2 consecutive weeks.The time of remission of clinical symptoms,pulmonary function indexes,fractional exhaled nitric oxide(FeNO),serum inflammatory cytokines,immune function indexes and incidence rates of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results The time of remission of wheezing,chest tightness and cough of the observation group was(3.12±1.34),(3.45±1.41)and(3.87±1.16)d after treatment,shorter than(5.39±1.64),(4.66±1.28)and(5.11±1.49)d of the con-trol group(t=7.579,4.493,4.643,all P<0.001).The forced expiratory volume in the first second(FEV1),forced vital capacity(FVC),FEV1/FVC ratio and peak expiratory flow(PEF)of the two groups were greater after treatment than those before treat-ment,and the above indexes of the observation group were(3.46±0.92)L,(4.19±1.14)L,(82.39±9.97)%and(4.99±1.36)L/s,respectively,higher than(2.68±0.85)L,(3.51±0.96)L,(76.44±9.56)%and(4.05±1.12)L/s of the control group(t=-4.403,-3.226,-3.046,-3.773,all P<0.05).The FeNO levels of the two groups were lower after treatment than those before treat-ment;the FeNO level of the observation group was(30.56±4.91)ppb,lower than(38.79±5.36)ppb of the control group(t=8.006,P<0.001).The levels of interleukin-6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)of the observation group were(63.84±5.86)and(65.99±7.04)pg/mL,respectively,lower than(74.12±6.39)and(87.52±8.75)pg/mL of the control group(t=8.384,13.556,both P<0.001),and the IL-10 level of the observation group was(73.81±6.97)pg/mL,higher than(56.41±5.18)pg/mL of the control group(t=-14.168,P<0.001).The percentages of CD3+T cells and CD4+T cells as well as the CD4+/CD8+ratio of the observation group were(60.25±6.24)%,(40.88±3.54)%and(1.75±0.32)after treatment,higher than(50.83±6.05)%,(33.54±2.96)%and(1.21±0.21)of the control group(t=-7.664,-11.248,-9.976,all P<0.001),and the percentage of CD8+T cells of the observation group was(23.35±2.25)%,lower than(27.61±2.87)%of the control group(t=8.260,P<0.001).The incidence of adverse reactions was 6.00%(3/50)in the observation group,lower than 14.00%(7/50)in the control group,and there was no statistically significant difference(χ2=1.778,P=0.182).Conclusion The combination of procaterol and theophylline sodium glycinate demonstrates significant efficacy in the treatment of the patients with acute exacerbations of BA,effectively alleviating the symptoms,improving the pulmonary function,inhibiting the airway inflammation and modulating the immune microenvironment.

Abstract:Objective To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of the Tasmayi liquid extract in treating Heli-cobacter pylori(H.pylori)-associated chronic gastritis(HpAG).Methods A total of 198 patients with HpAG admitted to the Altay Prefecture Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from May 2024 to January 2025 were enrolled in this study.Using a randomized controlled digital table method,the patients were assigned to the control group(99 cases,received routine lifestyle and dietary intervention combined with treatment with esomeprazole magnesium enteric-coated capsules)and the study group(99 cases,received routine lifestyle and dietary intervention combined with treatment with Tasmaoyi fluid extract).The clinical efficacy,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome scores,H.pylori eradication rate,and safety were analyzed before and after 4 weeks of treatment.Results After 4 weeks of treatment,the total effective rate in the study group was 51.52%(51/99),significantly higher than 34.34%(34/99)in the control group(χ2=5.958,P<0.05).After 4 weeks of treatment,both groups showed a decrease in TCM syndrome scores compared to pre-treatment levels,with the study group score(28.96±21.98)being significantly lower than that of the control group(49.00±34.50)(t=4.874,P<0.05).After 4 weeks of treatment,the H.pylori eradication rates were 35.35%(35/99)in the study group and 25.25%(25/99)in the control group,with adverse reaction rates of 1.01%(1/99)in the study group and 2.02%(2/99)in the control group,respectively.No statistically significant intergroup differences were observed in these latter endpoints(P>0.05).Conclusion Tasmayi liquid extract demonstrates markedly ef-fective in treating HpAG.It effectively alleviates clinical symptoms,exhibits certain bactericidal activity against H.pylori,and shows a favorable safety profile.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the efficacy of belimumab in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)and its impact on T lymphocytes changes.Methods A single-group retrospective longitudinal study was conducted.A total of 78 patients with SLE who were treated with belimumab at Meizhou People's Hospital in Guangdong Province between May 2021 and December 2024 were retrospectively enrolled.Blood routine parameters,cardiac,hepatic,and renal function in-dicators,immunological markers,and T lymphocyte subset changes before treatment and at 4,12,and 24 weeks post-treatment were compared.Results The white blood cell count after 24 weeks of treatment(6.10(4.38,7.25)×109/L)was significantly lower than that after 4 weeks(7.25(4.88,9.55)×109/L),and the difference was statistically significant(Z=10.679,P=0.014).The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio at 12 and 24 weeks post-treatment(1.83(0.95,3.11),1.24(0.74,2.22))was lower than that before treatment and at 4 weeks post-treatment(3.08(2.20,5.92),3.13(1.93,5.14)),and the differences were statistical-ly significant(Z=78.845,P<0.001).The red blood cell levels at 12 and 24 weeks after treatment and the hemoglobin levels at 12 weeks after treatment((4.24±0.61)×1012/L,(4.22±0.58)×1012/L,(119.51±18.71)g/L)were significantly higher than those before treatment and after 4 weeks((3.89±0.82)×1012/L,(3.90±0.69)×1012/L,(111.26±22.43)g/L),and the differences were statistically significant(F=6.300,4.062,both P<0.001).The creatine kinase/creatine kinase isoenzyme MB after 12 and 24 weeks of treatment(3.47(2.38,4.64),3.81(2.75,5.45))were significantly higher than that after 4 weeks of treatment(2.53(1.69,3.90)),and the difference was statistically significant(Z=26.145,P<0.001).The 24-hour urine protein after 24 weeks of treatment(0.35(0.07,1.30)g/24 h)was significantly lower than that before treatment(1.36(0.20,4.25)g/24 h),and the difference was statistically significant(Z=15.741,P=0.001).The levels of immunoglobulin G at 4,12,and 24 weeks post-treat-ment(9.44(6.25,12.63),8.80(6.99,12.03),and 9.00(7.69,11.24)g/L)were lower than that before treatment(12.10(8.23,16.47)g/L),and the difference was statistically significant(Z=16.355,P=0.001).The immunoglobulin A and immunoglobulin M after 24 weeks of treatment(1.54(1.19,2.13),0.62(0.38,0.90)g/L))were lower than those before treatment(1.93(1.41,2.69),0.87(0.50,1.17)g/L),and the differences were statistically significant(Z=9.368,9.725,P=0.025,0.021).The comple-ment C3(0.60(0.46,0.69),0.68(0.56,0.90),0.72(0.57,0.87)g/L)and complement C4(0.11(0.09,0.17),0.14(0.10,0.20),0.13(0.12,0.22)g/L))after 4,12,and 24 weeks of treatment were significantly higher than those before treatment(the complement C3:0.48(0.38,0.62)g/L,the complement C4:0.09(0.05,0.11)g/L)),and the differences were statistically significant(Z=58.180,55.299,both P<0.001).The percentages of CD3+cells after 12 and 24 weeks of treatment((83.81±5.98)%and(84.53±6.10)%)were significantly higher than those before treatment and after 4 weeks of treatment((77.61±10.53)%and(77.82±8.18)%,re-spectively),and the difference was statistically significant(F=17.397,P<0.001).The percentages of CD3+CD8+cells after 12 and 24 weeks of treatment((44.41±12.17)%and(44.43±10.85)%)were significantly higher than those before treatment and after 4 weeks of treatment((39.80±12.24)%and(40.50±11.61)%,respectively),and the difference was statistically significant(F=3.491,P=0.016).The percentages of CD3+CD4+cells after 12 and 24 weeks of treatment((37.10±10.24)%,(37.26±9.01)%)were higher than that before treatment((32.96±10.09)%),and the difference was statistically significant(F=3.639,P=0.013).The percentage of CD16+CD56+cells after 24 weeks of treatment(6.56(4.01,9.50)%)was higher than that after 4 weeks of treatment(4.58(2.60,8.49)%),and the difference was statistically significant(Z=9.578,P=0.023).The percentages CD19+cells after 12 and 24 weeks of treatment(8.55(4.76,12.02)%,6.61(3.75,9.36)%)were lower than those before treatment and after 4 weeks of treatment(14.04(7.04,20.88)%,14.52(7.95,23.43)%),and the difference was statistically significant(Z=54.086,P<0.001).Conclusion Belimumab in the treatment of SLE can effectively reduce inflammatory damage in patients,improve renal func-tion,relieve anemia symptoms,regulate the balance between humoral immunity and cellular immunity,and comprehensively enhance the overall immune function of patients.