Abstract:To address problems such as safety risks and low efficiency stemming from excessive semi-continuous and intermittent processes in high-capacity open-pit mining operations,on the basis of analyzing the current status of wheel-bucket continuous coal mining process domestically and internationally,by qualitative and quantitative analysis of the wheel-bucket continuous coal mining process,we establish a mathematical model to evaluate the economic benefits of replacing traditional semi-continuous processes with continuous ones,considering the costs of phasing out semi-continuous processes,investments in continuous process,and subsequent process maintenance.We obtain a generalized economic model applicable to the wheel-bucket continuous coal mining process.Taking the second mining area of Xingsheng Open-pit Mine as a case,assuming the first coal seam thickness of 29 meters and a mining depth of 100 meters,the economic benefit of replacing the semi-continuous process with continuous process is 80.2 million yuan.

Abstract:The development of mineral resources in high-cold and high-altitude areas faces extreme challenges such as high altitude,low temperature,thin oxygen,and large temperature difference between day and night.The traditional mining model is difficult to meet the requirements of safe,efficient and green development.This article systematically reviews the technical development status and trend of intelligent mine construction in high-cold and high altitude areas,and focuses on the analysis of key technologies such as unmanned intelligent equipment,intelligent perception and communication network,cloud intelligent scheduling and control,green low-carbon and ecological protection.The research shows that China has formed an intelligent technology system with plateau characteristics.Yulong Copper Mine,Pulang Copper Mine,Tibetan Dragon Copper Mine and other projects have realized the large-scale application of unmanned driving,intelligent mining and processing,pure electric drive and other technologies,which has significantly improved the safety level,production efficiency and environmental protection benefits.In the future,the high-cold and high-altitude intelligent mines will develop in three directions:technological innovation leading system upgrading,continuous expansion and deepening of application scenarios,and green low-carbon and ecological coordination.Through 5G-A/6G,AI algorithm optimization and high-cold and high-altitude special equipment research and development,the mining industry will be promoted to develop in a more efficient,safer and greener direction,providing Chinese wisdom and Chinese solutions for the sustainable development of global mining.

Abstract:To address the pain points of traditional ecological restoration models,which neglect limiting factors and fail to tackle the fundamental issues of restoration,this article takes the limiting factor theory as the core,identifies the key limiting factors for mine ecological restoration and reveals the characteristics and the law of phased replacement.The limiting factors for mine ecological restoration include five dimensions:climate,topography,soil,biology and landscape.This article constructs a closed-loop technical system of"diagnosis-regulation-verification-optimization"and formulates a regulation scheme featuring habitat improvement in the early stage,community construction in the middle stage,and resilience enhancement in the later stage.The technical system and scheme can specifically overcome the habitat obstacles of open-pit coal mines,realize precise and long-term ecological restoration of mines.

Abstract:To solve the issues existing in the railway transportation system of Fushun East Open-pit Mine,such as the lack of safety protection devices for locomotives,outdated dispatching and command mode,insufficient transmission of production information,and the difficulty in further improving transportation efficiency,the mine plans to introduce a train operation control system based on the existing equipment to enhance the intelligent management level and safety control capability of the railway transportation system in East Open-pit Mine.This article analyzes the train operation control system from several aspects including system functions,technical maturity,safety and reliability and transportation efficiency improvement,and demonstrates the significant advantages in improving train operation efficiency,reducing the risk of human-induced accidents,and optimizing operation and maintenance costs.The results show that the introduction of a train operation control system can fill the technical gap in the safety prevention and control of locomotive operation in East Open-pit Mine,effectively preventing the occurrence of vicious accidents such as train overspeed,signal intrusion,and even rear end collision caused by driver fatigue or misjudgment.In conjunction with the dispatch and supervision system,the mine can also optimize train operation intervals,increase line capacity,improve railway transportation efficiency,further promote the modern management mode of the fully closed-loop railway transportation system in the East Open-pit Mine,and lay a solid technical support and safety guarantee for the overall integration of Fushimi railway transportation system.

Abstract:Aiming at the problems of excessive dust generation,high instantaneous concentration,wide pollution range,and limited efficiency of existing single dust suppression measures during bench blasting operations in Ha'erwusu Open-pit Coal Mine,this article proposes an integrated"three-in-one"dust reduction technology scheme of combining water-sealed blasting,spray dust suppression and dust suppressant application based on the generation and diffusion characteristics of blasting dust at different stages.Through field experiments,we quantitatively evaluate the effect of the integrated dust reduction technology.The results show that the PM10 concentration in the test area is significantly lower than that in the control area,with the peak mass concentration reduced from 895.9 μg/m3 to 215.7 μg/m3(reduction rate of 75.92%)and the average mass concentration reduced from 326.4 μg/m3 to 48.8 μg/m3(reduction rate of 85.05%).

Abstract:To address the frequent occurrence of spontaneous combustion fires,which seriously threaten the safety of mining areas and the ecological environment,this article takes the residual goaf fire hazards in the small coal mine of Gongwusu Coal Mine as the research background,uses unmanned aerial vehicle infrared thermal imaging and radon measurement method to preliminarily delineate the distribution range of the fire zone,through drilling to deploy K-type thermocouple array to carry out underground in-situ temperature monitoring.The results indicate that the temperature distribution in the fire zone exhibits significant spatial variation:Zone C is the high-temperature core area(>1 000 ℃),Zone B is a secondary heat-invasion area affected by thermal radiation from Zone C,Zone A has potential risk for fire spread,and Zone D is a stable,safe zone.The effectiveness of the temperature-gas collaborative monitoring technology is verified by integrating the gas analysis data from the gas sampling tubes,which provides technical reference for precise fire zone identification,zonal treatment,and disaster prevention.

Abstract:Based on the theory of plastic dissipative energy,the article studies deformation and failure mechanism of open-pit coal mine slopes under the influence of weak layers,adopts FLAC3D software to analyze the shear strain increment,total displacement,and plastic dissipative energy distribution contour maps of the east slope of the first mining area in Hongshachuan No.2 Open-pit Coal Mine under two conditions:with and without weak layers.The article analyzes the influence of weak layers on the slope deformation and failure mode.The results show that the slope failure mode changes from circular arc sliding in the condition without weak layers to circular arc-bedding combined sliding in the condition with weak layers.The potential dangerous sliding surface location of the slope is characterized by the distribution of plastic dissipative energy in the slope,which is consistent with the results of shear strain increment and total displacement.

Abstract:In order to effectively reduce the occurrence of unsafe behavior of open-pit mine operators,improve their safety cognition ability and level,and reduce the resulting safety accidents,this article analyzes the unsafe behavior of typical open-pit mine operators by using grey correlation analysis method,and quantitatively calculates the risk value of unsafe behavior.Taking the data result of the grey theory model as the prior probability,we use Bayesian network to construct the analysis model of the accident caused by the operator's unsafe behavior,obtain the accident probability by reasoning,and develop the risk probability prediction platform of the operator's unsafe behavior.The results show that the severity of labor discipline violations and the probability of accidents are the highest.Vehicle injury accidents caused by factors such as transportation accidents and incomplete licenses is second,non-standard operation,imperfect pre-shift meeting system and improper use of labor insurance supplies lead to the probability of accidents is also at a higher stage.

Abstract:To study the instability failure,and fault activation mechanism of inclined layered slopes in open-pit mines under the influence of reverse faults,this article takes the eastern slope of Jilangde Open-pit Mine as the engineering background.Through on-site investigation,theoretical analysis,and FLAC3D numerical simulation methods,we monitor the stress and displacement status of the fault surface by the FISH function,and study the fault activation process under excavation conditions to reveal the influence mechanism of the fault barrier on slope slip mode.The research results show that with the increase of excavation depth,the reverse fault of the eastern slope undergoes relative sliding fault,which gradually activates by absorbing the energy of bedding slip failure,reflecting the barrier effect of the fault.When the fault layer is completely activated,the barrier effect fails,leading to slope instability;Fault activation mainly occurs in the upper part of the fault,and the mudstone layer at an elevation of 120 m to 140 m forms a potential slip surface,which is the main factor inducing fault activation.

Abstract:To establish reasonable early warning thresholds for open-pit mine slopes monitoring suitable for different monitoring devices,this article analyzes the variation patterns of landslide displacement time(s-t)curves based on the technical principles of slope radar and Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS),combines an improved tangent angle analysis,ultimately determines a four-tier slope early warning threshold applicable to both slope radar and GNSS monitoring systems.The results indicate that GNSS-monitored s-t curves completely reflect the acceleration change process,including the initial deformation phase,intermediate acceleration phase,and rapid acceleration phase,while radar-monitored s-t curves typically only include the initial and intermediate phases.When setting early warning thresholds for slope radar,we divide the intermediate phase into two sub-stages to meet the four-tier warning requirements.Differences exist between GNSS and slope radar early warning thresholds,with a GNSS threshold set at 1.5 times that of slope radar being more reasonable.Introducing minimum displacement as an auxiliary warning criterion avoids false alarms caused by relying solely on rate indicators.

Abstract:To improve the production efficiency of scraper in coal bunker groups and reduce operation and maintenance costs,an intelligent detection system for scraper is designed.The system adopts machine vision-based image processing and image segmentation technologies to evaluate the no-load status of scraper and conduct anomaly detection on the operating status.A YOLOV5 neural network fault detection model is established in the system.By detecting and calculating the technical parameters of the scraper,including scraper speed,inclination,chain,unit chain length,and chain link pitch,the system realizes intelligent detection of anomalies and faults in the key components(scrapers and chains)of the scraper.The system false detection rate is effectively reduced from four aspects:data optimization,model improvement,training strategy adjustment and post-processing optimization in the process of production practice.The manual operation and maintenance costs are reduced and the intelligence level of the system is improved.

Abstract:In order to study the stability of the north end slope soil slope in Anjialing Open-pit Mine,the article obtains strata spatial distribution law of the slope with the engineering geological investigation method,establishes the typical model of engineering geological section.Through the indoor physical and mechanical tests of rock and soil,combined with the results of previous physical and mechanical tests,the article obtains physical and mechanical indexes suitable for the slope stability research.We use finite difference method to simulate,and think that the potential deformation and failure mode of soil slope is circular deformation and failure mode,using the limit equilibrium analysis method to analyze the stability of the soil slope under different working conditions.The stability of the soil slope meets the specification requirements,when it increases to the level of 1390.

Abstract:In order to solve the problem of coal-rock mixing in the horizontal mining working face of Antaibao Open-pit Mine and verify the effectiveness of adjusting the hole diameter to improve the mixing effect of coal-rock blasting,a FEM-SPH-based simulation of coal-rock mixing blasting is carried out to compare and analyze the blasting effect under the condition of large hole diameter and small hole diameter,and the field blasting experiment of large and small hole diameter is carried out to verify the numerical simulation analysis results.The results show that the 165 mm small aperture scheme can effectively improve the blasting effect,reduce the mixing of coal and rock,and reduce the waste of blasting energy.

Abstract:Zhahanao'er Open-pit Mine north slope is adjacent to a lake.Under mining disturbance,the groundwater seepage field undergoes continuous evolution,posing risks to safe production such as slope instability and water seepage.To reveal the hydraulic connection,groundwater budget,and dynamic evolution patterns between Zhahanao'er Open-pit Mine north slope and Huite Zhahanur Lake under mining-induced conditions,this article employs comprehensive methods including hydrogeological mapping,drilling,geophysical prospecting,field tests,groundwater dynamic monitoring,and laboratory analysis,computation and simulation,and identifies distribution patterns,and interconnections of surface water and groundwater types within the area,delineate groundwater recharge,flow,and discharge conditions,and elaborates the hydraulic relationship between the mining area and surrounding water systems under mining impact.

Abstract:In order to enhance the quality of dispatching work in coal enterprises,by analyzing the responsibilities of dispatching work,the article proposes an innovative idea of"four-in-one"dispatching management:strengthening safety awareness,business security and emergency duty,giving full play to the dispatching safety management function;strengthening the planning,execution and seriousness of dispatching to comprehensively improve the dispatching management level;strengthening management through overall coordination,enhancing efficiency through meticulous production,and providing strong support through equipment operation and maintenance,exploring the organizational potential of lean production in dispatching;stimulating the role of dispatching in collaborative efficiency creation through deepening collaborative cooperation,collaborative breakthroughs and collaborative efficiency creation.The results show that by innovating working methods and strengthening functions such as dispatching safety management,business control,production organization,and collaborative efficiency creation,we promote the high-quality development of dispatching work in coal enterprises,and contribute to enterprises for operating efficiently and at a high level.

Abstract:Based on the engineering background of Yulong Copper Mine in Tibet,the article reveals the stability evolution law of open-pit copper mine slope under the coupling effect of layered excavation and rainfall,constructs FLAC3D three-dimensional models with slope angles of 25°,28°,31°,34° and 37°,respectively simulates slope stability evolution process under four kinds conditions of natural and light,medium and heavy rain,analyzes the slope deformation distribution and safety factor changes under different slope angles and rainfall intensities.The results show that the displacement under natural conditions is mainly concentrated in the middle and lower steps and the foot of the slope.The safety factor decreases with the increase of the slope angle,and 31° slope angle is the relative stability critical angle.Under the condition of rainfall,the deformation shows a nonlinear amplification trend.The maximum displacement is about 16 cm at 37° slope angle and the safety factor is lower than the critical value.The potential slip surface of 31° slope angle has appeared.In the rainy season,the slope angle should be controlled not more than 31° and matched with drainage system and monitoring measures.

Abstract:To address the issue of large-scale,prolonged exposure to cause coal spontaneous combustion of residual coal along the end slope in some open-pit coal mines due to delayed internal dumping,which severely threatens production safety,the article adopts high-temperature heat treatment followed by rock shear testing,reveals the thermal damage patterns of shear strength parameters in slope coal-rock masses under high-temperature conditions.Using COMSOL simulation software,we simulate the temperature field distribution characteristics of slope rock masses.Based on the two-dimensional rigid body limit equilibrium method,the article elaborates influence law of coal spontaneous combustion on open-pit slope stability.The results show that high temperature significantly affects the shear strength of coal-rock masses;temperature fields exhibit arc-shaped distributions in coal natural zones and shallow front-edge regions.Under high-temperature conditions,the safety factor of open-pit mine slopes decreases substantially compared to normal conditions.

Abstract:In order to investigate the effectiveness of microbial remediation technology in the ecological restoration of high and steep slopes in open-pit coal mines,a typical high and steep slope in Pingzhuang West Open-pit Coal Mine area is selected for field restoration work.Functional microorganisms isolated from the site and those already available in the laboratory are utilized to carry out without imported soil ecological restoration of high and steep slopes,and the effectiveness of microbial remediation is investigated in terms of upgrading the soil quality,promoting the restoration of vegetation and constructing self-sustaining ecosystems.The results show that several microorganisms with the functions of nitrogen fixation and phosphorus solubilization are successfully isolated from the slope soil,the soil fertility of the rehabilitated slope is significantly improved,the vegetation cover exceeds 80%,and the stability and function of the underlying microbial ecosystem are restored.

Abstract:To address issues such as texture distortion,shadow occlusion,and insufficient accuracy in traditional oblique photogrammetry for complex steep slope terrains,the article proposes a technical approach combining terrain-followingoblique photography with multi-angle close-rangephotography to construct high-precision 3D models,aiming to provide a data foundation for high-accuracy structural plane identification and block stability analysis.The specific approach involves building a low-resolution base model using conventional oblique photogrammetry,followed by terrain-followingoblique photography to systematically capture topographic features and structural plane geometric parameters in open-pit mine steep slope areas.Based on the spatial distribution patterns of structural planes,a principal orthogonal shooting scheme supplemented by multi-directional angles significantly enhances rock mass image clarity and interpretability.The results show that this method successfully constructs millimeter-level precision 3D real-world models,effectively eliminates texture distortion and shadow occlusion,and enables accurate acquisition of key parameters such as structural plane orientation,trace length,and aperture,achieving effective identification and stability evaluation of potentially hazardous blocks,and significantly improving the credibility and reliability of geological hazard analysis for high-steep rock slopes in open-pit mines.

Abstract:In order to solve the prominent problems in the management process of open-pit coal mine stripping operation contractors(contractor),a comprehensive systematic management model of"integrated management,full process penetration,digital support,and deep cultural integration"is proposed by analyzing the current situation of contractor management in the mining industry at home and abroad,and abandoning traditional"slogan","patchwork"and passive management models,and a specialized management method with clear direction,clear goals and significant effects is formed.The results indicate that by providing full process guidance and management to contractors through specialization,the phenomenon of"two skins"in safety management between open-pit coal mines and contractors can be broken,and contractor management can be transformed from traditional"reliance"to"top-down interaction and autonomous management",vigorously promoting the application of"intelligent safety monitoring system+safety culture infiltration"in contractor safety management,effectively achieving precise prevention and early warning of work sites,construction equipment,and personnel status,greatly enhancing the sense of honor,belonging,and mission of contractor personnel towards the enterprise,and ultimately promoting the safety goal of"zero deaths,zero injuries,and zero accidents"in mining enterprises.