Abstract:This paper focuses on the current situation of technical contract recognition in Xizang Autonomous Re-gion.Through analyzing the registration data of technical contracts from 2019 to 2023,it is found that the quantity and transaction amount of recognized and registered contracts have shown continuous growth,mainly dominated by technical development and service contracts(accounting for 95%)and electronic information sector(accounting for 86%).Local technology absorption is active,with close cooperation with provinces and cities such as Beijing and Shanghai.Meanwhile,problems such as insufficient policy publicity,uneven regional development and unbalanced transaction structure are pointed out.Accordingly,countermeasures and suggestions are proposed,including strengthening policy guidance,improving service platform construction and optimizing technical market paths,so as to provide references for optimizing the tenical market development in Xizang Autonomous Region.

Abstract:As important sites for wetland conservation and ecological education,wetland parks play a significant role in enhancing public awareness of wetland protection and ecological literacy through popular science publicity and education.This paper analyzes the practices of several wetland parks in this field to explore its necessity and significance,as well as existing problems and feasible suggestions for optimization.Popular science publicity and education can effectively improve public understanding of wetland ecological value and promote protective behav-iors.These efforts would not only enhance public awareness of wetland ecosystems but also contribute to their sus-tainable utilization and protection.The present review offers insight and practical guidance for both the theoretical research and on-the-ground practice of popular science publicity and education in Yani National Wetland Park.

Abstract:Objective Traditional β-arbutin production relies on plant extraction and chemical synthesis,which are associated with issues such as unstable raw material supply and environmental pollution.This study aims to develop a new,green and efficient biosynthetic pathway.Methods Using genetic engineering techniques,an innovative co-system of the glycosyltransferase itUGT2 and sucrose synthase GmSuSy was constructed to achieve the cyclic re-generation of UDPG,thereby establishing an enzymatic synthesis process for β-arbutin.Results The optimal temper-ature and pH for single-enzyme catalysis were found to be 35℃ and 7.0,respectively.After optimization,the best re-action conditions for the bi-enzyme system were as follows:temperature at 40℃,pH at 6.5,itUGT2-to-GmSuSy en-zyme ratio at 1:2(20 μg:40 μg)and HQ-to-sucrose substrate ratio at 1:4.Additionally,the addition of 0.5 mM Mg-SO 4 or β-cyclodextrin significantly increased the yield,likely by stabilizing enzyme structure and improving sub-strate solubility.Conclusion The enzymatic synthesis technology developed in this study has successfully overcome the drawbacks of traditional processes by enabling in situ cofactor regeneration.It offers advantages such as mild re-action conditions,environmental friendliness and easy industrialization.This technology provides an innovative so-lution for β-arbutin industrial production and holds significant scientific value and commercial potential.

Abstract:Based on the national-level ownership confirmation project of wetland natural park,this paper explores the application of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)technology in the unified ownership confirmation and registration of natural resources,using a natural wetland park in Xizang as a case study.This paper first introduces the current development status of UAV technology and its application background in natural resource management.Then,it elaborates on the specific implementation of UAV technology in the unified ownership confirmation and registration of natural resources within the studied wetland park,covering data collection,processing and analysis.Through case analysis,this study has demonstrated significant advantages of UAV technology in improving the efficiency and ac-curacy of unified ownership confirmation and registration of natural resources,while also addressing its challenges and future development direction.The research indicates that UAV technology can provide efficient and precise data collection,and analytical support for the unified ownership confirmation and registration of natural resources in high-altitude regions such as Xizang,offering practical foundation for the deeper application of UAV technology in the field of natural resource management.

Abstract:Objective To explore the correlation between the neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio(NPAR)and obesity in adults receiving health checkups.Methods A total of 7202 people who participated in health checkups at Health Management Center in People's Hospital of Xizang Autonomous Region from September,2023 to June,2024 were selected as the research objects,and demographic characteristics,health checkup and laboratory test data were collected.The multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore the correlation between NPAR and obesi-ty,and the restricted cubic spline regression model was used to evaluate the dose-response relationship between NPAR and the risk of obesity.Results The prevalence rate of obesity in adults receiving health checkups in Xizang Autonomous Region was 14.90%(1073/7202).The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that after adjust-ing for age,gender,smoking,alcohol consumption,hypertension and dyslipidemia,for each quartile increase in NPAR,the risk of obesity increased by 12%(OR=1.12,95%CI:1.03～1.21,P<0.05).Compared with the Q1 group of NPAR,the Q2,Q3 and Q4 groups had a higher risk of obesity,being 1.30,1.55 and 1.29 times that of the Q1 group,respectively(all P<0.05).Conclusion There is a nonlinear positive correlation between NPAR and the risk of obesity in adults receiving health checkups in Xizang Autonomous Region,and there are differences observed in different age groups.

Abstract:This study takes Xizang Museum of Natural Science as the typical research object.From the perspective of intelligentization construction,it has systematically analyzed the architectural logic,technical paths and applica-tion effect of intelligent guide system in mainstream museums in inland China.Considering the unique cultural ecol-ogy and geographical environment in Xizang,the study has innovatively constructed a research and development scheme of an intelligent guide system integrating multi-modal technologies such as computer vision(CV),natural language processing(NLP)and knowledge graph(KG).Compared with the common limitations of existing domestic system:(1)weak support for ethnic minority languages;(2)insufficient stability of hardware equipment and net-works in high-altitude environment;(3)lack of identification mechanisms for sensitive content in religious relics and exhibits.In response to the limitations,this study has optimized the system through breakthroughs in core tech-nologies applied in intelligent guides:(1)expanding Tibetan language corpus and developing a Tibetan-Chinese bi-lingual NLP engine;(2)adopting a plateau-specific hardware architecture,enabling equipment to operate stably at an altitude of 5,000 m through low-temperature tolerance transformation and network optimization;(3)introducing a multi-layer cultural protection mechanism,including an automatic filtering system for religiously and politically sensitive content based on KG and a manual review process for sensitive content involving local experts in the muse-um industry.This system has broad application prospects,which would address pain points such as low audience participation,low operational efficiency and limited dissemination in Xizang Museum of Natural Science and other local museums in Xizang,achieve high-quality empowerment for their intelligentization construction,facilitate an innovative breakthrough"from zero to one",and provide a replicable technical paradigm for the intelligentization construction of museums in ethnic minority regions.

Abstract:Objective To explore and analyze the pathogen distribution and antibiotic resistanceof community-acquired pneumonia(CAP)in our hospital in 2024.Methods From January to December,2024,sputum cultures were performed on 853 children with CAP admitted to our hospital,and a retrospective analysis was conducted on 331 children with positive results.Results The top three Gram-negative strains are:Haemophilus influenzae,Mo-raxella catarrhalis and Klebsiella pneumoniae.The top two Gram-positive strains are:Streptococcus pneumonia and Staphylococcus aureus.Age distribution shows that the high-risk age group for CAP is 1～6 years old,and spring is the high-risk season.Haemophilus influenzae shows slightly higher resistance to sulfamethoxazole/tri-methoprim and ampicillin.Moraxella catarrhalis and Klebsiella pneumoniae shows good sensitivity to most test drugs;Streptococcus pneumoniae shows high resistance to penicillin,tetracycline,erythromycin,and sulfamethox-azole/trimethoprim.Staphylococcus aureus shows high resistance to penicillin G and chloramphenicol.Con-clusion In our region,Gram-negative bacteria are the primary pathogens causing CAP in our hospital,with Hae-mophilus influenza being the most common.It shows the highest resistance to sulfamethoxazole/trime-thoprim and ampicillin,while the sensitivity to other β-lactam dugs remains relatively high.Therefore,pediatri-cians in our area should choose antibiotics based ondrug susceptibility resultsinstead of making blind choices to reduce the occurrence of drug resistance.

Abstract:Objective This study aims to explore the association of novel anthropometric indices,such as A Body Shape Index(ABSI)and Body Roundness Index(BRI)with Obstructive Sleep Apnea(OSA).Methods Data from 169 patients who underwent OSA assessment in People's Hospital of Xizang Autonomous Region from January,2018 to December,2023 were included.OSA severity was assessed using Polysomnography(PSG),and anthropo-metric indices such as BMI,BRI and ABSI were calculated.Statistical analysis was performed using R software and EmpowerStats,with a multivariate logistic regression model used to assess the association among ABSI Z-score,BRI and OSA.Results The results showed that neck circumference,BRI,and ABSI Z-score were significantly posi-tively associated with OSA.After adjusting for gender,age,ethnicity and other covariates,BRI and ABSI Z-score demonstrated stronger association with OSA(BRI:OR 1.36,95%CI:1.06～1.74;ABSI Z-score:OR 2.46,95%CI:1.56～3.88).Smooth curve fitting and threshold effect analysis further revealed a nonlinear association among BRI,ABSI Z-score and OSA,with inflection points at 4.59 for BRI and-1.4 for ABSI Z-score.Conclusion BRI and AB-SI Z-score are more effective than traditional BMI and waist circumference in predicting OSA onset.These novel an-thropometric indices not only provide a more comprehensive assessment of obesity,but also help identify high-risk individuals,offering new strategies for OSA prevention and treatment.However,as this is a cross-sectional study,larger longitudinal studies are still needed to validate these findings in the future.

Abstract:Objective To analyze the application techniques and efficacy of popular clinical drugs for chronic dis-eases in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)gynecology and obstetrics.Methods A total of 76 patients admitted to the Department of TCM Gynecology and Obstetricsin People's Hospital of Xizang Autonomous Region from Sep-tember,2023 to September,2024 were selected as the study subjects.The control group received routine disease management,while the observation group received targeted clinical drug intervention.The application effect and pa-tient satisfaction were analyzed.Results The research results showed that the satisfaction scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group.Compared to the control group,the observation group showed higher scores in terms of quality of life.There was a statistically significant difference(P<0.05)in the treatment ef-ficacy between thecontrol group and the observation group.Conclusion In clinical practice,for patients with chron-ic diseases in TCM obstetrics and gynecology,it is necessary to analyze the disease types in order to select and ap-ply clinical drugs,control medication frequency and duration to improve overall treatment efficacy.

Abstract:Objective To explore and analyze the differences in clinical outcomes between in vitro fertilizatin(IVF)twins and naturally conceived twins.Methods A total of 40 cases of twin pregnancy through in vitro fertilization and 40 cases of twin pregnancy through natural conception who visited Fukang Hospital Affiliated to Xizang Univer-sity from January,2022 to October,2024 were selected and set as the study group and control group respectively.The general information data of the two groups were analyzed,and a comprehensive analysis was conducted on the differences between the two groups in terms of gestational complications,delivery methods,specific information of neonatal birth,birth defects and perinatal diseases,etc.Results There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of the proportion of cesarean section and natural delivery,the incidence of premature rupture of membranes and anemia,neonatal head circumference and length,the incidence of birth defects and the incidence of perinatal diseases(all P>0.05).However,the incidence of gestational hypertension and diabetes was higher in the study group,and the neonatal body weight was lower(P<0.05).Conclusion Compared with naturally conceived twins,in vitro fertilization twins do not significantly increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes and birth de-fects.However,the blood pressure,blood glucose level and other indicators of parturients fluctuate greatly during pregnancy,and the incidence of low-birth-weight infants is high.Given the relatively weak overall medical condi-tions in Xizang,efforts should be made to strengthen the monitoring of parturients before and during childbirth to ensure the maternal and neonatal safety.

Abstract:Due to the influence of a low vortex shear line,significant precipitation occurred in Changdu from Jul.11 to 17,2023,accompanied by convective weather such as thunder and short-term heavy precipitation.This paper has analyzed the meteorological service process for the precipitation event,summarized the meteorological service experience in this event,identified the shortcomings in the work,and proposes targeted improvement measures,pro-viding reference for future meteorological services,thereby improving meteorological service capabilities and better playing the important role of meteorological services in disaster prevention and mitigation.

Abstract:In the process of in-depth exploration of 6G communication technology,Extremely Large-Scale Multiple-Input Multiple-output(XL-MIMO)technology has become a core issue of extensive attention in both academia and industry owing to its excellent potential in achieving high data rate and connection density.However,the practical deployment of XL-MIMO technology faces formidable challenges in hybrid-field channel estimation.This environ-ment blends far-field and near-field signals,which exhibit significant differences in characteristics,making it diffi-cult for traditional channel estimation methods to accurately capture comprehensive channel state information,there-by affecting the overall performance of the communication system.In response to the difficulty,this study proposes a hybrid-field channel estimation scheme based on the normalized iterative hard thresholding(NIHT)algorithm.This scheme leverages the advantages of NIHT in sparse signal processing and complex matrix operations to accu-rately approximate the true channel response through an iterative process.In each iteration,the algorithm screens key channel coefficients based on the current channel estimation using NIHT technique and updates the estimated value accordingly until the predetermined number of iterations or convergence conditions are met.Simulation exper-iments verify that this algorithm can operate stably and approximate the true channel response even in low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)environment,demonstrating significantly improved performance compared to other advanced al-gorithms.

Abstract:Objective The study aimed to screen the proportion and types of acute ischemic stroke complicated with sleep apnoea-hypoventilation syndrome in patients admitted to a high-altitude hospital(People's Hospital of Xi-zang Autonomous Region).Methods A total of 152 patients diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke at high altitudes(above 3650 meters)admittedto People's Hospital of Xizang Autonomous Region between April,2022 and April,2024 were investigated.The patients were aged between 30 and 75 years,and there was no gender restriction.The disease onset was within 72 hoursand there was no consciousness disturbance.(scores of 0 for the first two items on the NIHSS scale).Scores on the NIHSS scale ranged from 1 to 20.Results(1)Comparison duration of blood oxy-gen saturation below 90%among the three groups showed that the control group exhibited the highest duration,fol-lowed by the posterior circulation group,with the anterior circulation group demonstrating the shortest duration,with statistically significant differences(P=0.007),and they were observed between the control group and the ante-rior circulation infarction group(P=0.005).(2)Comparison of mean blood oxygen saturation among the three groups showed that the anterior circulation infarction group exhibited the highest value,while the posterior circulation in-farction group demonstrated the lowest value,with statistically significant differences(P=0.018),and they were ob-served between the anterior circulation infarction group and the control group(P=0.015).(3)Comparison of duration of blood oxygen saturation below 85%among the three groupsshowd that statistically significant differences were found between the control group and the anterior circulation infarction group(P=0.004).Conclusion Patients with acute ischemic stroke complicated with sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome in high-altitude areas demonstrated statisti-cally significant differences in both level of mean blood oxygen saturation and duration of blood oxygen saturation below 85%.

Abstract:In the context of the rapid evolution of new media platforms such as Wechat Public Platform、Douyin(TikTok)reshaping information dissemination patterns,this study investigates the current status of popular sci-ence propaganda in Xizang Museum of Natural Science under the influence of digital transformation.By analyzing challenges including operational inefficiencies in new media platform management,inconsistent content quality,pro-longed production cycles,and weak audience engagement,the research draws on successful case studies from sci-ence museums to propose actionable strategies.These strategies focus on leveraging advanced technologies to cre-ate high-quality science communication content,broaden the scope and depth of dissemination,and enhance interac-tive user experiences.The findings aim to optimize the efficacy of science outreach,elevate scientific literacy and foster synergies between scientific innovation and cultural heritagein Xizang.

Abstract:With the acceleration of urbanization,the impact of traffic violations on traffic safety and efficiency has become increasingly significant.To reveal the influencing factors and their mechanisms for traffic violations,this pa-per explored the influence mechanisms of four environmental factors,namely,time,space,traffic flow and weather for traffic violations based on the traffic violation data collected from Chengguan District,Lhasa in June 2023 by an intelligent traffic monitoring system,combined with multi-source heterogeneous data such as meteorological condi-tions,traffic flow,time and road attributes using machine learning models such as Random Forest(RF),XGBoost,C5.0 Decision Tree and Multi-Layer Perceptron(MLP).The research results showed that the Random Forest model significantly outperformed other models in prediction performance,with an accuracy rate of 93.17%,and yielded the best results in ROC(AUC=0.99)and PR curve(AP=0.989)evaluation.The feature contribution analysis based on SHAP showed that traffic flow,road type and time factors were key variables affecting violations,and the influence mechanisms of different types of violations(such as running red lights,violating traffic signs,etc.)are sig-nificantly different.This study quantifies the differentiated effect of environmental factors on traffic violations,pro-viding data support and theoretical basis for optimizing law enforcement resource allocation and formulating precise traffic management strategies.

Abstract:Based on the observation data of daily temperature and precipitation from Dingri County,Xizang from 2004 to 2023,this paper analyzed the variation characteristics of temperature and precipitation in Dingri County in recent 20 years on interannual and seasonal scales by using unary linear regression and anomaly analysis.Counter-measures of meteorological service were put forward based on the findings.The results showed that the average an-nual temperature increased at a rate of 0.187℃/10 a,while the annual precipitation decreased at a rate of-60.914 mm/10 a.The seasonal trend in average temperature and precipitation varied,with the increasing temperature in au-tumn and decreasing precipitation in summer as the most obvious.The annual precipitation was mainly concentrat-ed in summer,accounting for 84%on the whole.The seasonal trend in average precipitation also varied,with the de-creasing precipitation in summer as the most obvious,followed by the increasing precipitation in autumn,and the de-creasing precipitation in winter as the slowest,among which,summer precipitation variation contributed the most to the annual precipitation variation,with August as the wettest month.

Abstract:SQL injection attacks have become a serious security threat in web applications.Existing detection meth-ods primarily rely on natural language processing and focus on semantic features.However,the rich structural infor-mation embedded in SQL statements is often overlooked,making it difficult for traditional approaches to effectively capture these structural features.To address this,this paper proposes a detection method for SQL injection attacks that integrates both semantic and structural features,aiming to improve detection accuracy and robustness.Specifi-cally,this paper utilizes a self-attention mechanism combined with a bidirectional long short-term memory network(SA-BiLSTM)for semantic feature extraction to thoroughly explore the logic and intent of SQL queries.Mean-while,convolutional operation is applied to the subtrees of SQL abstract syntax tree to extract structural features.Ex-perimental results on multiple public datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method,which outper-forms in various evaluation indicators including accuracy,F1 score and recall.The results show that the proposed method achieves detection accuracy and AUC greater than 99%,with an F1 score reaching 95%.

Abstract:Though the power infrastructure in Xizang is weak,the photovoltaic resources there are extremely favor-able,adopting photovoltaic power generation for railroads can not only alleviate the pressure on the power grid,but also create economic benefits.However,the harsh local environment has increased the cost of construction and oper-ation,so this paper launches a systematic study on the investment boundary conditions of railroad photovoltaic proj-ects in Xizang.Based on comprehensive consideration of factors such as photovoltaic resources and land cost,ground-based photovoltaic systems at 25°inclination angle were selected as the object,the power generation capaci-ty was measured,market conditions and policy requirements were summarized to conduct analysis with suitable boundary conditions.The study shows that the payback period is linearly and positively correlated with the unit in-vestment cost.The lower the photovoltaic resources get,the worse the consumption capacity becomes,and when the surplus power cannot be fed into the grid,the more sensitive the revenue gets to the unit cost.The lower the con-sumption rate reaches,the more the payback period increases with each further reduction,especially when the unit investment costgets high,the photovoltaic resources become low or the surplus power cannot be fed into the grid.Whether the surplus power can be fed into the grid has a huge impact on the payback period due to tax incentives and curtailment loss.The higher the unit cost reaches,the lower the photovoltaic resources and consumption rate get,and the more obvious the revenue gap becomes.These results can provide scientific reference for investment de-cision makers and promote the smooth development of railroad photovoltaic projects in Xizang.

Abstract:This study systematically evaluated the action mechanism and interference suppression effect of potassi-um ferricyanide(K₃[Fe(CN)₆])in the determination of selenium in water by hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry(HG-AFS).Through analyzing the interference effect of 21 common metal ions(including copper,lead,manganese,arsenic,etc.),the results revealed that copper(Cu²⁺)induced significant negative interference on selenium determination in the absence of potassium ferricyanide,while lead(Pb²⁺)exhibited positive interference in the presence of potassium ferricyanide but showed no significant effect without reagents.Manganese(Mn²⁺)consis-tently caused positive deviation regardless of potassium ferricyanide addition.Experimental data demonstrated that 18 ions,including potassium,sodium,calcium,and magnesium showed no interference within the concentration lim-it specified by Standards for Drinking Water Quality(GB 5749-2022).The conclusion indicated that routine drink-ing water samples may omit the addition of potassium ferricyanide.This optimized protocol reduced reagent costs and operational risks while providing practical guidance for water quality analysis.

Abstract:With the highest average altitude in the world,Xizang boasts extremely diverse geographical environ-ment and climate types,which harbor rich wild berries and other germplasm resources.In order to understand their species and distribution in Xizang,the project team conducted a preliminary investigation across 23 counties in Lha-sa,Changdu,Linzhi,Shannan,and Rikaze in 2023 and 2024.A total of 83 germplasm resources from 35 genera in 19 families were identified,and 32 resources from 10 genera in 7 families were collected and preserved,subsequent-ly planted in Lhasa National Agricultural Science and Technology Park.This study provides a scientific basis for the further development and utilization of wild berries and other resources in Xizang.