Abstract:This paper conducts an optimization and upgrading study of the interior lighting system of an armored vehicle,together with research on its ambient lighting.Focusing on key technologies such as lighting system layout,lighting parameter design,and ambient lighting strategy design,it addresses problems in a certain armored vehicle cabin,including severe glare,poor lighting uniformity,the presence of lighting blind zones,a single lighting mode that cannot adapt to cross-domain expeditionary combat training tasks,and a tendency to cause passenger fatigue and operational errors.The proposed solution improves environmental comfort,effectively supports the optimization and upgrading of the lighting system,and enhances the overall combat effectiveness of the equipment and personnel.

Abstract:Wafer edge exposure is a key lithography technology for handling photoresist residue on the wafer edge,vital for enhancing semiconductor device manufacturing accuracy and production efficiency.The mercury xenon lamp source system,the core of the edge exposure unit,has a high operating wall temperature,causing uneven reflector bowl surface temperature and unstable UV irradiance.This paper designs single and double annular air ducts based on the annular pipe flow distribution model to address the reflector bowl's uneven temperature issue.By analyzing parameters such as the opening angle,quantity and diameter,as well as the diameter of the annular air duct and the inner diameter of the pipe,the optimization scheme is determined to be an opening angle of 90°,the number of openings of 6,the opening diameter of 7 mm,the diameter of the annular air duct of 95 mm,and the inner diameter of the pipe of 15 mm.Simulation and experimental results show that the optimized structure increases the reflector bowl surface temperature uniformity to 98.2％and reduces UV irradiance instability to 1.1％,offering significant reference for domestic high-stability edge exposure light source system designs.

Abstract:This study attempts to explore ward lighting design based on the cyanosis observation index,combined with DIALux Evo simulation,to provide differentiated lighting scheme designs for hospital ward optimization.Through on-site measurements,questionnaires,and eye-tracking,the current lighting conditions of wards were surveyed and collected to guide subsequent ward lighting design.Differentiated lighting optimization schemes were developed for pediatric and LDR obstetric wards.An evaluation model was constructed based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)and fuzzy evaluation method to verify the effectiveness of the lighting design optimization.From the perspective of lighting design,this study provides design ideas for refining lighting solutions for different hospital ward departments.

Abstract:The pilot verification platform in the urban-area sensing system based on smart light poles is a crucial support for bridging the gap between"laboratory R&D"and"urban scenario implementation".This paper first analyzes the pilot test and verification requirements of the urban perception system based on smart light poles,then explores the construction plan of the smart light pole pilot test and verification platform,including construction principles,overall architecture,core construction contents,etc.Finally,combined with the characteristics of the urban perception system,a deployment plan for the pilot test and verification platform is proposed.The objective of this paper is to address the prevalent survival,collaboration,and practicality issues of new technologies and new intelligent devices in the field of urban perception through the construction of a pilot test and verification platform.

Abstract:As a highly recognized and professional academic journal in China's lighting field,the"China Illuminating Engineering Journal(CIEJ)"accurately reflects the research focus and development trends of the industry.However,systematic reviews and discussions of its publication content remain limited,making it difficult to fully understand its evolution as an influential industry journal and its correlation with industry development.This study employs CiteSpace to conduct a bibliometric analysis of CIEJ from its official launch in 1992 to 2024 and for the past decade(2015-2024),examining aspects such as column classification,publication volume,keywords,publishing institutions,and comparison with other industry journals.The results indicate:(1)Column classification shows high consistency with industry development trends and research hotspots;(2)Publication volume exhibits four development stages-steady growth,rapid growth,stable development,and slow decline-closely associated with broader social development contexts;(3)Keywords can be categorized into three phases:foundational exploration,technological evolution,and scenario applications,reflecting a progression from basic research to specialized application fields;(4)Leading research institutions are universities,research institutes,design companies,laboratories,and government agencies,with distinct characteristics across the two timeframes;(5)Compared with other domestic lighting journals,CIEJ demonstrates advantages in influence,comprehensiveness,and diversity,while lighting-related research still has significant growth potential within architecture-focused journals.This study aims to discuss industry changes based on publication characteristics across two temporal scales and to map the representation of various elements throughout the journal's evolution,providing methodological and content-based references for future research.

Abstract:Frequent and long-term shift work for nurses can disrupt normal biological rhythms,inducing rhythm disorders,endocrine imbalances,and emotional problems,which in turn lead to a decrease in clinical work performance and patient safety.Light,as the most important zeitgeber,is an effective means to intervene in the biological clock and improve sleep quality.To understand the physical and mental health status of shift nurses and the current lighting environment and needs of nurse stations,this study conducted on-site measurements of the lighting environment in 13 nurse stations and a questionnaire survey on the sleep quality,sleepiness,fatigue,mood,and lighting environment preferences of 493 shift nurses.The results showed that the horizontal illuminance at the work surface in nurse stations was generally insufficient,the physiological equivalent illuminance was insufficient during the day and too high at night,and the lighting scenes lacked dynamic changes,which were difficult to meet the physical and mental health needs of nurses.The questionnaire survey showed that the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score of shift nurses was 8.14±4.05,indicating poor overall sleep quality and shift-related sleep problems.There were statistically significant differences in sleep quality and shift-related sleep problem scores among nurses on different shifts(day shift-mid shift-night shift-rest)(P＜0.05),with the worst sleep quality after the night shift.60.00％of the nurses had anxiety symptoms,and 46.70％had depressive symptoms.The total fatigue score of shift nurses was 52.43±11.66,with the main fatigue periods being 2:00-6:00 a.m.,11:00-12:00 p.m.,and 12:00-14:00 p.m.The lighting uniformity in nurse stations was insufficient,and there were glare problems,and lighting had a significant impact on their sleep,mood,and fatigue.68.70％of the nurses hoped that the color temperature and brightness of the lighting in nurse stations could change dynamically.In the future,dynamic lighting parameters should be designed for different shifts to obtain a combination of lighting parameters that takes into account both visual function and physical and mental health needs,providing a reference for the design and application of a healthy lighting environment in nurse stations in China.

Abstract:By analyzing the deficiencies of existing theories of urban landscape lighting planning,this study proposes an entirely new method for urban landscape lighting planning.Starting from the characteristics of artificial light at night and focusing on the alienated aesthetic experience of people at night,it replaces the daytime"urban image"system with a nighttime"urban illusion"system.On this basis,the main planning contents-such as nighttime zoning,indicator control,green lighting,intelligent lighting,and the organization of nighttime activities-are derived,thereby establishing a landscape lighting planning theoretical scheme with a unified theoretical framework.

Abstract:This study addresses the current situation of obtrusive light control in nightscape lighting and proposes a prevention and control system that emphasizes"source prevention"and supplements it with"comprehensive management".By introducing professional third-party inspection agencies and implementing the"three simultaneities"system,measures are taken during the design,construction,and operational stages.Verified through practical cases,the system effectively controls obtrusive light in nightscape lighting,achieving source prevention and long-term management,and provides a reference for obtrusive light control in nightscape lighting projects.

Abstract:Shenzhen's landscape lighting has undergone three large-scale,concentrated phases of construction,forming a distinctive urban nighttime landscape and achieving favorable social and environmental benefits.However,the value of the urban nightscape should not remain limited to the basic levels of"beautification"and"illumination."How to promote the deep integration of landscape lighting with the nighttime economy has become an important issue that the lighting industry needs to address at present.Shenzhen's landscape lighting development is attempting to promote the growth of the nighttime economy through three approaches:effectively implementing the"three simultaneities"principle in construction,promoting the concept of"dark-sky protection"according to local conditions,and creating a city brand identity as a"City of Light and Shadow".In the course of exploration,problems have also emerged,such as the aging of landscape lighting facilities,the urgent need for transformation of the Shenzhen Light and Shadow Art Season,and insufficient momentum following the construction of the Dapeng Starry Sky Park.There is an urgent need to explore new ideas and methods,establish a high-quality development system for landscape lighting,broaden curatorial approaches that integrate light and shadow art with diverse nighttime consumption scenarios,expand the international influence of the"City of Light and Shadow"cultural brand,and further explore dark-sky protection demonstrations in megacities,so as to lead the development of the urban dark-night economy and create a new city identity centered on dark-sky protection.

Abstract:With the rapid advancement of smart city development,5G smart poles have been widely deployed as a new type of multifunctional infrastructure;however,the increasing number of integrated devices has led to growing challenges in load fluctuation and energy coordination.To enhance both the economic efficiency and operational security of such systems,this paper proposes a hierarchical and zonal dispatch strategy for source-load-storage systems oriented toward 5G smart poles.First,a three-level control architecture-comprising city-level coordination,district-level aggregation,and terminal-level regulation—is established to form a hierarchical and zonal cooperative operational framework for smart cities.Second,taking typical urban functional areas as scheduling units,an integrated source-load-storage modeling framework is constructed for 5G smart pole clusters that incorporate photovoltaics,electric vehicles and charging piles,lighting equipment,5G communication base stations,and multiple types of energy storage.Third,on the basis of a unified operational cost function,regional characteristics and operational weight factors are introduced to develop a cross-regional coordinated optimization model that balances economic performance and operational security.Finally,case studies on representative residential,commercial,and industrial districts in Jiangsu Province demonstrate that the proposed strategy achieves strong adaptability,economic efficiency,and safety across diverse scenarios,providing essential technical support for the efficient management of distributed energy systems in smart cities.

Abstract:In recent years,media façades,with their intuitive information delivery and strong visual impact,have profoundly reshaped the urban nighttime image and have become an important element of urban landscape lighting,being widely used for advertising and information dissemination.However,due to limitations in the architectural structure and lighting configuration of media façades,some displayed text suffers from poor legibility,which affects the effectiveness of information transmission.Therefore,understanding the influence of media façade characteristics on text display is of great significance for the operation,management,and regulation of media façades.Accordingly,this study investigates media façade types,structural characteristics,lighting configurations,and lighting parameters to identify typical forms of media façades.On this basis,experiments on text legibility and subjective comfort of media façades were conducted to evaluate the effects of typical media façade characteristics and luminance on text display.The results show that viewing distances greater than 500 m allow text to be identified more clearly;the greater the viewing distance,the easier the text is to recognize and the more comfortable the visual perception.Higher luminance contrast facilitates text recognition.When more than 12 light strips are used for text presentation,basic legibility requirements can be met.Under the same light strip spacing,a vertical light source arrangement provides better display performance than a horizontal arrangement.

Abstract:The postoperative lighting needs of ophthalmic surgery patients differ greatly from healthy individuals.Studies show patients commonly have increased light sensitivity and reduced glare tolerance after surgery,with needs varying by surgery type and age.Traditional fixed lighting cannot meet individual needs,while smart lighting provides better solutions by adjusting light intensity,color temperature,and spectrum.New technologies like light-adjustable lenses and low-level light therapy expand treatment options.With rising global eye surgery rates,personalized lighting strategies are important for better patient recovery.This review covers recent advances in postoperative lighting management,discusses key mechanisms and applications,identifies research gaps,and provides guidance for future clinical practice.

Abstract:A comparative study of domestic and international emergency lighting standards can intuitively reveal the breadth,depth,and key focuses of existing standards in this field,thereby providing references for the future improvement of emergency lighting standards.This paper selects representative standards and relevant documents in the field of emergency lighting at home and abroad,and conducts a comparative analysis of the definitions,component classifications,and corresponding core illuminance indicators of emergency lighting across different standards.The literature search covers two major categories of emergency lighting standards:those for indoor and outdoor building environments.The results indicate that emergency lighting-related standards based on different technical routes and perspectives exhibit discrepancies in the definition and component classification of emergency lighting.Furthermore,most of the current global regulations on illuminance indicators in emergency lighting standards are limited to indoor building scenarios,with rare provisions on illuminance indicators for outdoor emergency lighting.For indoor building emergency lighting standards,the core illuminance indicators primarily focus on horizontal evacuation illuminance,while provisions on illuminance indicators for vertical evacuation are relatively scarce.However,a small number of outdoor vertical evacuation illuminance indicators that can be used for reference have been proposed in other non-emergency lighting standards.The study suggests that the definitions,classifications,and indicators of different types of emergency lighting standards should be unified,and the standardization research on indoor and outdoor vertical evacuation emergency lighting should be strengthened.

Abstract:In recent years,healthy lighting technology has garnered widespread attention.Research has shown that light not only affects human visual perception but also significantly influences circadian rhythms,emotional regulation,and overall health.Based on a commercial LED spectral database,this study proposes and validates optimized four-channel and five-channel spectral base schemes.Using a multi-color mixing algorithm,optimal spectral combinations were selected,and their performance in color rendering index(Ra),circadian regulation capability(melanopic/photopic ratio,m/p ratio range),and Luminous Efficacy of Radiation(LER)was systematically evaluated.The results demonstrate that,within the common Correlated Color Temperature(CCT)range of 1 800～6 500 K for indoor lighting,the optimized spectral bases achieve excellent circadian regulation,color fidelity,and energy efficiency while meeting the requirements of Ra＞80 for the four-channel scheme and Ra＞90 for the five-channel scheme.Furthermore,compared to commercially available products,the four-channel scheme achieves a broader circadian regulation range with a single light source configuration,significantly enhances color rendering quality and luminous efficacy,and improves applicability and system integration.The spectral optimization methodology proposed in this study provides a theoretical foundation for selecting healthy lighting sources,promotes the development of smart and personalized health-oriented lighting systems,and offers technical support for future high-efficiency,low-energy-consumption solutions to optimize healthy lighting environments.

Abstract:This article investigates the performance of four nanocoating materials-Fe519(primarily composed of resin and LPG),silica,perfluorinated polymers,and fluorosilane-applied on the glass and aluminum alloy housings of lighting fixtures.Through comparative experiments,it is found that lighting fixtures coated with nanocoatings exhibited superior performance in self-cleaning and dust-and dirt-resistant properties.After nearly three months of long-term observation,nanocoatings prepared from different materials exhibited varying performances under the same natural conditions.Fluorosilane demonstrated long-lasting superhydrophobicity on both glass and aluminum alloy surfaces,making it a viable option for the maintenance and cleaning of outdoor lighting fixtures.

Abstract:This study proposes a multispectral dynamic regulation technique based on five-channel LED color mixing to address the diversified color-rendering requirements of merchandise in commercial lighting scenarios and the problems of color distortion and narrow color gamut in existing technologies.By constructing a comprehensive color-rendering evaluation model(Ra,Rf,Rg,color tolerance,hue ring offset,and overall luminous efficacy)and combining a metameric tuning algorithm,high-quality spectral solutions for different color categories were developed.Experimental results show that the optimized spectrum has a color rendering index Ra ≥85,color gamut index Rg ≥ 105,and color tolerance≤5 at color temperatures of 3 000 K,4 000 K,5 000 K,and 6 500 K,significantly enhancing the visual appeal of merchandise and consumer preferences.This study provides a theoretical basis for spectral design in commercial lighting and successfully develops high color-rendering lamps with potential for industrial application.

Abstract:As an important component of the lighting environment,innovations in architectural lighting technology are driving the industry's shift from a focus on product performance toward systematic solutions.Taking a renovation project at a university in East China as a practical case,this paper addresses the demand of multifunctional landmark campus buildings for flexible lighting environments and visual aesthetics,and introduces the five-step design thinking process proposed by Stanford University's d.school(empathize-define-ideate-prototype-test)to construct a cross-disciplinary lighting design framework.Through a modular design strategy,the study explores specific pathways for applying design thinking methodology to enhance the innovativeness and feasibility of architectural lighting,providing a reference paradigm for lighting renovation of similar buildings.

Abstract:To further optimize the dimming application of multi-color spectra in LED plant lighting,a mathematical model of asymmetric LED spectra based on current influence was proposed by analyzing the spectra of 15 LEDs under different current conditions.RGB and UV LEDs were fitted and validated using this model.To achieve spectral-matching dimming control based on the proposed spectral model,a single-stage AC-DC four-output LED driver circuit was designed,and a dimming control strategy based on spectral requirements was developed.Computer simulations were conducted,and an experimental prototype with a rated power of 70 W and an AC input voltage range of 90～135 V was built to test the proposed circuit and dimming control strategy.Experimental results demonstrated compliance with IEC 1000-3-2 Class C standards and achieved optimal spectral configuration for plant lighting.At an input AC voltage of 90 V,the system efficiency reached a maximum of 83.625％,providing an optimal spectrum to meet plant growth requirements.Both simulations and experimental results validated the effectiveness of the proposed spectral model,driver circuit,and dimming control strategy.

Abstract:Dynamic lighting environments have a significant impact on learning behavior.This study conducted experimental research on the effects of correrated color temperature and illuminance in dynamic artificial lighting environments on learning efficiency,learning sleepiness,and learning recovery.The results indicate that high-illuminance environments increase the disparity in learning efficiency among students,while learning efficiency generally decreases under low color temperature conditions.The highest learning efficiency was observed under 2 900 K-1 000 lx lighting conditions,whereas the lowest occurred at 4 000 K-300 lx.When considering illuminance alone,subjects exhibited lower level of learning sleepiness at 300 lx,but with large individual differences.At a color temperature of 4 000 K,although sleepiness scores were slightly higher,individual differences were smaller.The lowest level of sleepiness was observed under the 4 000 K-1 000 lx condition.As illuminance increased,the average score for learning recovery showed a decreasing trend.When considering color temperature alone,4000 K was most conducive to the recovery of learning ability,with small individual differences.The best learning recovery was achieved under 4 000 K-300 lx lighting conditions.The findings provide a basis for the dynamic design of artificial lighting environments in classrooms.

Abstract:This paper focuses on the issue of audience adaptability to the lighting environment in e-sports venues,evaluating its combined impact on immersive experience and communication behavior from the perspective of audience participation.A structured questionnaire was designed based on four key dimensions-visual comfort,brightness perception,functional adaptability,and emotional impact.A total of 91 valid responses were collected,covering 11 typical e-sports venues,supplemented by on-site illuminance measurements and image sampling.Using SPSSAU for Cronbach's α reliability testing and one-way ANOVA,the results showed that"brightness perception"differed significantly across venues,while the other three dimensions did not show statistical differences.Further analysis of audience feedback and image data summarized three typical issues:insufficient adaptability for selfies,disrupted immersion rhythm,and a lack of auxiliary lighting.Based on these findings,the study proposes a three-dimensional adaptation pathway of"expression-immersion-safety"and provides systematic optimization suggestions tailored to different phases of event processes,including color temperature control,light source direction,and auxiliary illuminance assurance.This study establishes a behavior-oriented lighting evaluation framework,offering data support and user-centered strategic pathways for e-sports venue lighting design.