Abstract:Objective To analyze the differential diagnostic value of CT enterography(CTE),tuberculosis infection T cell spot test(T-SPOT.TB)combined with serum interleukin-6(IL-6)and erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR)in intestinal tubercu-losis and lymphoma.Methods Fifty-four patients with intestinal tuberculosis(intestinal tuberculosis group)and 48 patients with lymphoma(lymphoma group)were selected.CTE and T-SPOT.TB tests were conducted on patients in both groups.The con-sistency between the CTE and T-SPOT.TB tests and the pathological diagnosis was analyzed using the Kappa test.In addition,the serum IL-6 was detected by electrochemiluminescence method,and the serum ESR was detected by the Weil's sedimentation rate method.The ROC curve was drawn to analyze the value of CTE,T-SPOT.TB,IL-6,and ESR alone and in combination for the differential diagnosis of lymphoma and intestinal tuberculosis.Results There were statistical significances in the lesion site(multi-stage lesion,intestinal stenosis),intestinal wall characteristics(layered thickening,intestinal wall gas accumulation,in-testinal wall edema zone,intestinal wall thickness),and extraintestinal manifestations(lymph node enlargement,intestinal per-foration)between intestinal tuberculosis group and lymphoma group(all P<0.05).According to the diagnosis of CTE examina-tion,43 cases were lymphoma,with a detection rate of 86.05%(37/43);59 cases were intestinal tuberculosis,with a detection rate of 81.36%(48/59).There were 11 cases of lymphoma missed by CTE examination,with a missed diagnosis rate of 22.92%(11/48);and 6 cases of intestinal tuberculosis were misdiagnosed by CTE examination,with a misdiagnosis rate of 11.11%(6/54),indicating high consistency with pathological diagnosis(Kappa=0.663,P<0.05).According to T-SPOT.TB examination,di-agnosis showed that 58 cases were intestinal tuberculosis,with a detection rate of 79.31%(46/58);44 cases were lymphoma,with a detection rate of 81.82%(36/44).A total of 44 cases were diagnosed with lymphoma,with a detection rate of 81.82%(36/44),and there was a high consistency with the pathological diagnosis(Kappa=0.732,P<0.05).The AUCs of CTE,T-SPOT.TB,IL-6,ESR alone and their combination for differentiating intestinal tuberculosis from lymphoma were 0.830,0.801,0.820,0.700 and 0.963 respectively.The combined diagnosis was superior to the individual ones(all P<0.05).Conclusion The com-bined use of CTE,T-SPOT.TB,and serum IL-6 and ESR in the differential diagnosis of intestinal tuberculosis and lymphoma has a relatively high value.

Abstract:Objective To analyze the evaluation value of multi-slice spiral CT(MSCT)combined with serum microRNA-190(miR-190)and microRNA-5193(miR-5193)in neoadjuvant chemotherapy of gastric cancer(GC).Methods A total of 130 patients with GC were selected.All of them received 4 cycles of neoadjuvant therapy.Before and after the treatment,MSCT ex-aminations were conducted to calculate the reduction rate of tumor volume and the reduction rate of the longest diameter of the tu-mor.Before the neoadjuvant treatment,serum miR-190 and miR-5193 were detected by qRT-PCR.The evaluation value of MSCT combined with serum miR-190 and miR-5193 on the efficacy of GC neoadjuvant chemotherapy was analyzed by receiver's operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Results Compared with the ineffective group,the reduction rate of tumor volume and tu-mor longest diameter in the effective group increased,and the serum levels of miR-190 and miR-5193 increased,all P<0.05.The AUC of tumor volume reduction rate,tumor longest diameter reduction rate,miR-190 and miR-5193 combined to evaluate the efficacy of GC chemotherapy was higher than that of each index alone(all P<0.05).Conclusion MSCT combined with se-rum miR-190 and miR-5193 has a good value in evaluating the efficacy of GC chemotherapy,which is superior to the detection of each index alone.

Abstract:Objective To construct an radio-clinical fusion model based on Gd-BOPTA enhanced MRI radiomics and clinico-pathological data,and to explore the predictive value of this model for early postoperative recurrence in patients with hepatocellu-lar carcinoma(HCC).Methods A total of 110 HCC patients were randomly divided into a training set(n=76)and a testing set(n=34)at a 7∶3 ratio.All patients underwent partial hepatectomy.In the training set,there were 32 cases of early postoperative recurrence and 44 cases without recurrence,while,in the testing set,there were 14 cases of early postoperative recurrence and 20 cases without recurrence.All the research subjects underwent fMRI examination before the operation.By segmenting and ex-tracting the intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics features,intratumoral,peritumoral,and intratumoral+peritumoral ra-diomics models were constructed,and the optimal radiomics model was selected by comparing the ROC curve.Multivariate Logis-tic regression was used to screen the independent risk factors for postoperative recurrence in the training set of patients,and a clinical model was constructed based on this.Subsequently,the screened clinicopathological data were combined with the opti-mal radiomics model to construct a fusion model.The ROC curve was used to evaluate the predictive efficacy of the radiomics model,clinical model,fusion model and the ALBI and PALBI scores of the classic serological models for early recurrence after partial hepatectomy.Then,the consistency between the predicted probability and the actual probability of the radiomics model,clinical model and fusion model was analyzed through the calibration curve,and the clinical benefits of the three were compared through the decision curve analysis.Results In the training set and validation set,pairwise comparisons of the AUC of intratu-moral,peritumoral,and intratumoral+peritumoral fusion radiomics models for predicting early postoperative recurrence of HCC showed no statistically significant differences(all P>0.05).To simplify the model,only the intratumoral radiomics model(here-inafter referred to as the radiomics model)was included in the subsequent process as the optimal radiomics model to participate in the construction of the fusion model.Multivariate Logistic regression model analysis showed that age,γ-glutamyl transferase,microvascular invasion,and maximum tumor diameter were independent risk factors for predicting early recurrence of liver can-cer after surgery(P<0.05).A fusion model was constructed based on clinical independent risk factors and radiomics models.The AUC of this model for predicting early recurrence after HCC surgery in the training set was 0.913,and its predictive efficacy was superior to the ALBI and PALBI scores of the classical serological models(all P<0.05).However,there were no statistically sig-nificant differences when compared with the radiomics model and the clinical model(all P>0.05).Calibration curves analysis showed that the predicted probability of the fusion model in the training set and validation set was closer to the actual probability.Meanwhile,DCA analysis showed that the fusion model provided greater net benefits within a reasonable threshold probability range.Conclusion In this study,a radio-clinical fusion model is successfully constructed based on Gd-BOPTA enhanced MRI radiomics and clinicopathological features.This model has a good predictive value for the early recurrence of HCC after surgery.

Abstract:Obesity,a global public health concern,is closely associated with various metabolic diseases and organ damage.The accurate assessment of fat content and distribution is crucial for the early diagnosis and intervention of obesity.In recent years,multiple imaging techniques have been applied in the diagnosis and evaluation of obesity.Ultrasonography,with its advan-tages of being non-invasive and portable,is commonly used for diagnosing hepatic steatosis in obese patients.Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry(DEXA)can precisely evaluate total and segmental body fat content,providing significant value for the pheno-typic diagnosis of obesity.Computed tomography(CT),with its high resolution,enables accurate quantification of subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue.Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),characterized by high soft-tissue contrast and the absence of ra-diation,is widely used for assessing ectopic fat deposition and holds unique advantages in research on obesity-related complica-tions.With the advancement of artificial intelligence,algorithms-developed based on imaging techniques have improved the accu-racy and efficiency of quantitative body composition analysis and ectopic fat detection.

Abstract:With the continuous advancement of nuclear medicine imaging technology,the fusion technology of single-photon emission computed tomography(SPECT)and CT(SPECT/CT)has developed rapidly.SPECT/CT examination is a nuclear medi-cine imaging technology that integrates functional metabolic imaging with high-resolution anatomical structures.It can precisely locate and quantitatively assess lesions in a single examination,significantly improving the diagnostic accuracy and specificity of bone tumors and infectious,metabolic,and ischemic bone diseases.Future research will focus on the optimization of imaging re-construction algorithms,the reduction of scanning time,and the development of new long-half-life molecular probes.At the same time,it will promote the integration of artificial intelligence and radiomics in the image analysis of SPECT/CT examinations,with the aim of extending SPECT/CT examinations to primary screening and long-term dynamic follow-up scenarios,thereby promot-ing the transformation of orthopedic diseases from"morphological diagnosis"to"function-molecular precision diagnosis and treat-ment".

Abstract:Objective To explore the value of high-resolution vessel wall imaging(HR-VWI)combined with contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)in the diagnosis of vulnerable carotid plaques in patients with carotid atherosclerosis.Methods Totally,76 patients with carotid atherosclerosis who underwent carotid endarterectomy were divided into vulnerable group(42 cases)and stable group(34 cases)according to the plaque nature of digital subtraction angiography(DSA).Patients in both groups under-went HR-VWI and CEUS examinations.Kappa test was used to analyze the consistency between HR-VWI,CEUS examination re-sults and DSA examination results.ROC curve was used to analyze the efficacy of HR-VWI and CEUS in diagnosing vulnerable plaques.Results The differences in hcy,hdl-c,and ldl-c between the two groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).Mul-tivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that high HCY,low HDL-C,and high LDL-C were risk factors for the formation of vulnerable carotid plaques(all P<0.05).The detection rate of vulnerable plaques in DSA examination was 55.26%(42/76),while,the detection rates of vulnerable plaques in HR-VWI and CEUS examinations were 53.95%(41/76)and 50.00%(38/76),respectively.The detection rate of vulnerable plaques in HR-VWI combined with CEUS examination was 59.21%(45/76).The detection rates of the four methods were compared,and all P values were greater than 0.05.HR-VWI and CEUS diagnosis of vulnerable plaques showed moderate consistency with DSA examination(Kappa values of 0.443 and 0.421,respectively),while,HR-VWI combined with CEUS diagnosis of vulnerable plaques showed high consistency with DSA examination(Kappa value of 0.758).The AUC of HR-VWI and CEUS in diagnosing vulnerable plaques was 0.722 and 0.713,respectively,with sen-sitivities of 73.81%and 69.05%,and accuracies of 72.37%and 71.05%,respectively.The AUC,sensitivity,and accuracy of the combined diagnosis of the two were 0.876,92.86%,and 88.16%,respectively.The combined diagnostic efficacy was the highest(all P<0.05).Conclusion The value of HR-VWI combined with CEUS in diagnosis of vulnerable plaque is better than that of both alone.

Abstract:Objective To explore the value of nomogram models constructed based on high-frequency ultrasound and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging(DWI)in the diagnosis of benign and malignant superficial soft tissue tumors(STTs),so as to provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods A total of 309 patients with superficial STTs(309 tumors in total)were selected.The tumors were confirmed to be benign(237)or malignant(72)by surgical pathol-ogy or biopsy,and were included in the benign group and malignant group,respectively.The clinical manifestations and high-frequency ultrasound and DWI imaging results of the two groups were compared.LASSO regression and multivariate Logistic re-gression were used to analyze the independent factors affecting the malignancy of superficial STTs,and a nomogram model was established based on these independent factors to predict the malignancy of superficial STTs.The receiver operating characteris-tic(ROC)curve was used to evaluate the discriminative power of the nomogram,and the calibration curve was used to analyze the calibration of the nomogram.Results The malignant group had a higher proportion of patients with tumor diameter≥5 cm,ir-regular edge morphology,unclear boundary,blood flow type Ⅳ,uneven T2WI signal intensity,uneven enhancement pattern,and DWI visual signal>50%than the benign group.The apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)and relative apparent diffusion coeffi-cient(rADC)were lower in the malignant group compared to the benign group(all P<0.05).LASSO regression analysis showed that the variables for diagnosing malignant superficial STTs with excellent model performance and minimal influencing factors un-der the optimal penalty coefficient λ were as follows:edge morphology,blood flow classification,T2WI signal,enhancement pat-tern,ADC,rADC,DWI visual signal.Logistic regression analysis showed that edge morphology,blood flow pattern,T2WI signal intensity,enhancement mode,ADC value,rADC value and DWI visual signal were all independent factors for malignant superfi-cial STTs(P<0.05).The nomogram model and ROC curve were constructed to show that the AUC for diagnosing benign or malig-nant superficial STTs was 0.963(95%CI:0.943-0.983).The calibration curve showed good consistency between the model's di-agnosis and actual observation results.Conclusion There are significant differences in the edge morphology,blood flow classifi-cation,T2WI signal,enhancement pattern,ADC,rADC,and DWI visual signals between benign and malignant superficial STTs.The nomogram model constructed based on high-frequency ultrasound and DWI has high diagnostic performance,discrimination,and calibration,thereby providing a reliable basis for the diagnosis of benign and malignant superficial STTs.

Abstract:Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging feature tracking(CMR-FT)technology is a novel post-processing tech-nique based on conventional cine magnetic resonance imaging sequences,primarily used to assess global and regional myocar-dial function.It offers advantages such as ease of post-processing,high spatial resolution,and the absence of a need for addi-tional specialized sequences.CMR-FT plays a crucial role in the diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of cardiovascular diseases in the following aspects:in ischemic heart disease,it enables monitoring of myocardial functional recovery post-PCI;in cardiac amyloidosis,it identifies the characteristic apical sparing strain pattern for differential diagnosis and risk stratification;in dilated cardiomyopathy,atrial strain parameters(particularly right atrial strain)provide superior prognostic value compared to ventricu-lar strain indices;in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy,this technique enables early detection of myocardial dysfunction and reliable prediction of disease progression;and in systemic sclerosis,it facilitates early detection of right ventricular dysfunction and pre-dicts patient mortality.Compared to other CMR-based strain techniques,CMR-FT is simpler,more practical,more accessible,and less time-consuming for comprehensive myocardial functional analysis,which provides clinicians with more reliable quantita-tive assessment tools.

Abstract:Objective Volume changes of whole brain gray matter in patients with different subtypes of mild cognitive impair-ment(MCI)were analyzed by voxel-based morphological measurements.Methods A total of 98 MCI patients were selected,in which 49 with amnesia were assigned to aMCI group and 49 without amnesia to naMCI group.Additionally,45 healthy volun-teers for physical examination during the same period were selected as a control group.On the day of admission,a 1.5T supercon-ducting MRI scanner was used to scan the entire brain.The scanning sequences included T2-weighted imaging,fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequence,and phase-contrast gradient echo sequence.The raw image data obtained from each scanning se-quence were imported into a post-processing workstation.Image preprocessing was performed using the DARTEL toolbox based on SPM12,and random effect analysis was conducted using SPM12 software.Clusters with statistically significant differences in this study were overlaid onto a high-resolution T1-weighted imaging template to generate pseudo-color images and the gray matter atrophy regions in specific brain areas of aMCI and naMCI patients were analyzed.SPM was allowed for the acquisition of voxel coordinates with the highest T values within each cluster from the MNI brain atlas.Results Compared to the control group,the aMCI group showed reduced gray matter volume in some brain regions,including the left inferior frontal gyrus,left insula,left occipital lobe,right hippocampus,left posterior central gyrus,right middle frontal gyrus,right posterior central gyrus,left supe-rior temporal gyrus,and right thalamus(all P<0.05).Compared to the control group,the naMCI group also showed reduced gray matter volume in some brain regions,including the left superior temporal gyrus,right superior temporal gyrus,right middle fron-tal gyrus,left middle temporal gyrus,right lingual gyrus,and right inferior temporal gyrus(all P<0.05).Compared to the naMCI group,the aMCI group showed reduced gray matter volume in some brain regions,including the right superior temporal gyrus,left superior temporal gyrus,left inferior frontal gyrus,right lingual gyrus,right middle frontal gyrus,right inferior frontal gyrus,primary visual cortex,and right inferior temporal gyrus(all P<0.05).Conclusion The voxel-based morphological measure-ment technique can effectively detect the changes of whole brain gray matter volume in patients with different subtypes of MCI,and the regions of whole brain gray matter volume reduction in aMCI and naMCI are different.

Abstract:Objective To analyze the predictive value of serum insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3(IGFBP-3),le-mur tyrosine kinase-3(LMTK3)combined with Gadobenate dimeglumine-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)for liver metastasis in patients with colorectal cancer.Methods 273 patients with colorectal cancer admitted to our hospital were in-cluded as the study subjects.They were separated into a liver metastasis group(n=96)and a non metastasis group(n=177)based on whether liver metastasis occurred using MRIs-enhanced with Modis.ELISA method was applied to detect the levels of serum IGFBP-3 and LMTK3.Kappa consistency was applied to analyze the consistency between gadobenate dimeglumine-enhanced MRI and the three combination results with pathological examination.Receiver operating characteristic curves were plotted to analyze the predictive value of IGFBP-3 and LMTK3 for liver metastasis in colorectal cancer patients.Results Com-pared with the non metastasis group,the serum IGFBP-3 level was prominently lower and the LMTK3 level was prominently higher in the liver metastasis group(all P<0.05).Modis-enhanced MRI predicted liver metastasis in 89 colorectal cancer pa-tients,with 70 confirmed positive and 19 negative by pathological examination.Modris-enhanced MRI predicted liver metastasis in 184 negative cases among colorectal cancer patients,with 26 positive and 158 negative cases confirmed by pathological exami-nation.The Kappa value for Modris-enhanced MRI predicting liver metastasis in colorectal cancer patients was 0.632,demon-strating high consistency with pathological examination(P<0.05).Modis-enhanced MRI combined with serum IGFBP-3 and LMTK3 levels predicted liver metastasis in colorectal cancer patients as follows:of 114 positive cases,4 were positive and 20 negative confirmed by pathological examination.Modis-enhanced MRI combined with serum IGFBP-3 and LMTK3 levels pre-dicted liver metastasis in colorectal cancer patients:160 were negative cases,with 3 positive and 157 negative cases confirmed by pathological examination.The combined prediction of liver metastasis in colorectal cancer patients using contrast-enhanced MRI and serum IGFBP-3 and LMTK3 levels yielded a Kappa value of 0.822,demonstrating extremely high consistency with pathological examination(P<0.05).The area under the curve for diagnosing liver metastasis using IGFBP-3,LMTK3,and MRI was 0.841,0.863,and 0.811,respectively.Combined use significantly outperformed the individual use of IGFBP-3,LMTK3,or MRI for diagnosis(all P<0.05).Conclusion Modified contrast-enhanced MRI combined with serum IGFBP-3 and LMTK3 demonstrates high predictive value for liver metastasis in colorectal cancer patients.

Abstract:Objective To explore the evaluation value of dual-source CTP in the brain combined with ASPECTS for the poor prognosis of patients with acute ischemic stroke.Methods Eighty patients with acute ischemic stroke were selected.After 3 months of treatment,they were divided into the poor prognosis group(mRS score>2,24 cases)and the good prognosis group(mRS score≤2,56 cases)according to the modified Rankin Scale(mRS)score.The blood flow perfusion indicators of brain tis-sues,including cerebral blood flow(CBF)in the lesion area and ischemic penumbra,cerebral blood volume(CBV),mean tran-sit time(MTT)of contrast agent,peak time(TTP)of contrast agent,and collateral circulation indicators,including Early CT score of the Alberta Stroke Program(ASPECTS),were compared between the two groups.The multivariate Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of poor prognosis in patients with acute stroke.The ROC curve was drawn to analyze the value of each of the above indicators alone and in combination in evaluating the poor prognosis of patients with acute ischemic stroke.Results The CBF,CBV and ASPECTS of the lesion site and ischemic penumbra in the good prognosis group were all higher than those in the poor prognosis group,while,the MTT and TTP of the lesion site and ischemic penumbra were lower than those in the poor prognosis group(all P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that CBF(OR=0.355),CBV(OR=0.295),MTT(OR=2.782),TTP(OR=3.028)at the lesion site and CBF(OR=0.302),CBV(OR=0.328),MTT(OR=3.025),TTP(OR=3.099)in the ischemic penumbra Both the ASPECTS(OR=0.326)and the ASPECTS were influ-encing factors for the poor prognosis of patients with acute stroke(all P<0.05).ROC curve analysis showed that the combined evaluation of CBF,CBV,MTT,TTP at the lesion site and CBF,CBV,MTT,TTP and ASPECTS in the ischemic penumbra was more effective in assessing the poor prognosis of patients with acute stroke than the evaluation of individual indicators(all P<0.05).Conclusion The combination of dual-source CTP in the brain and ASPECTS has a good predictive value for the poor prognosis of patients with acute ischemic stroke,and the combined predictive value of each index is even higher.

Abstract:Objective To explore the value of shear wave elastography(SWE)combined with conventional ultrasound exami-nation in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant parotid gland tumors.Methods A total of 372 patients with parotid gland tumors were selected.After postoperative histopathological examination,313 cases of benign parotid gland tumors(benign group)and 59 cases of malignant parotid gland tumors(malignant group)were found.All patients underwent routine parotid ul-trasound and SWE examination before the operation.The characteristics of the ultrasound images of the two groups were analyzed.The Young's modulus of parotid gland tissues[average Young's modulus(Emean),maximum Young's modulus(Emax)],the Young's modulus of normal parotid gland tissues around the mass[normal average Young's modulus(nEmean),normal maximum Young's modulus(nEmax)],as well as the ratio of average Young's modulus(rEmean)and the ratio of maximum Young's modulus(rEmax)were compared between the two groups max.The ROC curve was used to analyze the differential diagnostic efficacy of elastic parameters in SWE examination for benign and malignant parotid gland tumors,and to analyze the differential diagnostic efficacy of conventional ultrasound examination and SWE combined with conventional ultrasound examination for benign and ma-lignant parotid gland tumors.Results Benign parotid gland tumors generally had regular morphology,clear boundaries,rela-tively uniform internal echoes,no obvious cystic changes or microcalcification,and the posterior echoes were often enhanced.CDFI showed blood flow grade 0 and 1.Malignant parotid gland tumors often had irregular shapes,unclear boundaries,uneven internal echoes,cystic changes or microcalcification could be seen,and the posterior echoes did not significantly enhance.CDFI showed blood flow grade 2 or 3.The elastic parameters of Emean,Emax,rEmean and rEmax examined in the benign group were all lower than those in the malignant group(all P<0.05).The AUC of SWE examination for elastic parameters of Emean,Emax,rEmean,and rEmax alone and in combination for differentiating benign and malignant parotid gland tumors were 0.832,0.822,0.638,0.657,and 0.956,respectively.The AUC of SWE in differentiating benign and malignant parotid gland tumors by combining the elastic parameters of Emean,Emax,rEmean,and rEmax was higher than that of the four alone(all P<0.05).The accuracy,sensitiv-ity,specificity,positive predictive value and negative predictive value of SWE combined with conventional ultrasound examina-tion in diagnosing benign and malignant parotid gland tumors were significantly higher than those of conventional ultrasound ex-amination(all P<0.05).Conclusion Both conventional ultrasound and SWE examination have relatively high differential diag-nostic value for benign and malignant parotid gland tumors.The combination of the two methods has a higher differential diagnos-tic value for benign and malignant parotid gland tumors.

Abstract:Objective To analyze the CT findings of Mycobacterium abscessus lung disease and to explore its application value in the differential diagnosis between mycobacterium abscessus lung disease and other mycobacterium lung diseases.Methods A total of 259 patients with nontuberculous mycobacteria(NTM)were selected.According to the results of bacterial species identification,they were divided into 77 cases of Mycobacterium abscessus lung disease(Mycobacterium abscessus group)and 182 cases of other mycobacterium lung disease(other mycobacterium group).All the research subjects underwent routine chest plain scans,and the CT findings of patients with NTM lung disease were observed and recorded.Binary Logistic re-gression analysis was used to screen the risk factors of Mycobacterium abscessus lung disease.The receiver operating characteris-tic(ROC)curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of CT findings for Mycobacterium abscessus lung disease.Results Uni-variate analysis revealed that the proportion of females in the Mycobacterium abscessus group was higher than that in the other mycobacterium groups,and the age was younger than that in the other mycobacterium groups(all P<0.05).The proportions of in-terstitial changes,lung consolidation,single or multiple nodules,spherical lesions and mass shadows,cavity features,bronchi-ectasis,pleural thickening and emphysema in the other mycobacterium groups were all higher than those in the Mycobacterium abscessus group(all P<0.05),while,the proportion of bronchiectasis was lower than that in the Mycobacterium abscessus group(P<0.05).However,there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of patchy shadows,sheet-like ground-glass shadows,thickening of the bronchial wall,tree bud sign,lobular central nodules,pulmonary cord-like shad-ows,concurrent lobar atosis,lung damage,lymph node enlargement,lymph node calcification,pleural effusion,and the pro-portion of calcification(all P>0.05).Binary Logistic regression analysis revealed that bronchiectasis was a risk factor for Myco-bacterium abscessus lung disease(P<0.05),while,thick-walled cavity was a protective factor(P<0.05).ROC curve analysis re-vealed that the area under the curve(AUC)for CT findings such as bronchiectasis and thick-walled cavities in the individual di-agnosis of Mycobacterium abscess lung disease was 0.559(95%CI:0.485-0.633,P<0.05)and 0.292(95%CI:0.224-0.360,P>0.05),respectively.The AUC of the combined diagnosis of Mycobacterium abscess lung disease was 0.735(95%CI:0.671-0.798,P<0.05),and the efficacy of CT findings such as bronchiectasis and thick-walled cavities in the combined diagnosis of my-cobacterium abscess lung disease was superior to that of the two alone(Z=1.50,5.30,all P<0.05).Conclusion Bronchiecta-sis and thick-walled cavities are typical CT findings of Mycobacterium abscessus lung disease.CT findings such as bronchiectasis and thick-walled cavities both have certain differential diagnostic value for Mycobacterium abscessus lung disease,and the com-bined differential diagnostic value of the two is even higher.

Abstract:Objective To develop and evaluate a nomogram prediction model based on susceptibility-weighted imaging(SWI)and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging(CE-T1WI)radiomics features combined with clinical characteristics for pre-dicting the isocitrate dehydrogenase1(IDH1)genotype in diffuse glioma.Methods A study was performed on 50 patients with pathologically confirmed diffuse glioma and IDH1 gene results.Two radiologists manually delineated the region of interest on SWI amplitude map and axial CE-T1WI image,respectively.Radiomics features were extracted and selected from ROI to predict IDH1 genotype of diffuse glioma.Machine learning models were trained and validated using selected radiomics features.The model with the best prediction performance was selected to calculate radiomics score(Rad-score).Then,the nomogram was built by combin-ing Rad-score with clinical factors of significant difference.Finally,the nomogram was evaluated by consistency index(C-index)and Hosmer-lemeshow(HL)test.Results NN,SVM,RF and AdaBoost prediction models of tumor area and tumor parenchy-mal area were built based on SWI,CE-T1WI,and SWI+CE-T1WI,respectively.Among the models,SWI+CE-T1WI model of tu-mor area had the best prediction performance.Based on NN,SVM,RF and AdaBoost machine learning models,the AUC values of tumor area were 0.86,0.90,0.86 and 0.75,the AUC values of tumor parenchymal area were 0.85,0.78,0.82 and 0.76,re-spectively.Among the models,SVM model of tumor area had the best prediction performance,which was regarded as the best ra-diomics prediction model.Rad-score was calculated according to the radiomics features and their coefficients.For clinical fac-tors,age was the only factor that made a statistical difference between the two groups(P<0.05).Finally,the nomogram was built to predict IDH1 genotype of gliomas by combining Rad-score with patient's age(C-index=0.965;HL test:P>0.05).Conclusions The radiomics models based on SWI,CE-T1WI and SWI+CE-T1WI have certain clinical value in predicting IDH1 genotype of diffuse glioma.The nomogram prediction model based on the Rad-score from SWI and CE-T1WI,combined with patient age,may represent a promising method for the preoperative noninvasive prediction of the IDH1 genotype in diffuse glioma.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the change of CT value of adipose tissue in the walking area of mesentery in patients with Crohn's disease(CD)and its relationship with disease activity.Methods A total of 43 patients with active CD were se-lected,including 23 patients with mild active stage(mild group)and 20 patients with moderate active stage(moderate group),and 25 patients with suspected inflammatory bowel disease(control group)were selected at the same time.Intestinal mucosal in-flammation was confirmed by colonoscopy biopsy,and CT imaging(CTE)was performed after the group was enrolled,and the original images were reconstructed by multi-plane reconstruction technology.Different parts of the mesenteric walking zone,in terms of mesenteric root,superior mesenteric artery,inferior mesenteric artery,fat space within 5 mm around the diseased intes-tinal segment and vascular space outside 10 mm around the diseased intestinal segment,were selected as areas of interest.The CT values and ΔCT values of adipose tissue in different parts of the mesenteric walking area were measured in different stages,including ΔCT1 values in arterial phase and ΔCT2 values in normal scan period,and ΔCT2 values in venous phase and normal scan period.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to analyze the diagnostic efficacy of ΔCT values of adipose tissue in different parts of mesenteric walking area for moderately active CD.Results There were statistically significant differ-ences in the CT values of fat tissue in the walking area of mesentery in different parts of the three groups at the normal scan stage,arterial stage and venous stage(P<0.05).The CT values of fat tissue in mesenteric walking area at normal scan stage,arterial stage and venous stage in moderate group were higher than those in mild group and control group(P<0.05).There were signifi-cant differences in ΔCT1 and ΔCT2 values in the adipose tissue of mesenteric walking area among the three groups(all P<0.05).The ΔCT1 and ΔCT2 values of adipose tissue of mesenteric walking area in moderate group were higher than those in mild group and control group(P<0.05).The area under ROC curve of ΔCT2 value in the fat space around the diseased intestinal segment was the highest,reaching 0.958,and the best cutoff value was 16.50 HU.In this case,the sensitivity and specificity of ΔCT2 value in the prediction of moderately active CD were 90.0%and 95.8%.Conclusion With the increase of disease activity,the CT value of adipose tissue in the walking area of mesentery in patients with CD increases gradually.The ΔCT1 and ΔCT2 values of the adipose tissue in the walking area of mesentery in different parts have certain diagnostic value for moderately active CD,and the ΔCT2 values of the adipose space around the diseased intestinal segment have the highest diagnostic value.

Abstract:Objective To analyze the clinical value of 3.0T magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI)in evaluating parametrial invasion before surgery for cervical cancer.Methods A total of 94 patients with cervical can-cer who underwent surgery at the hospital and were confirmed by pathological results were selected.According to postoperative pathological results,the patients were divided into the parametrial invasion group(n=35)and the non-parametrial invasion group(n=59).All patients underwent 3.0T MRI plain scan with more than ten phases of enhanced scan and DWI examination be-fore surgery.The focal size,apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC),slow ADC(D),fast ADC(D*),and perfusion fraction(f)were measured.The receiver operating characteristic curves were plotted to analyze the diagnostic efficacy of above parameters for parametrial invasion in cervical cancer.Results Lesions in the parametrial invasion group were larger than those in the non-parametrial invasion group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).D of the parametrial invasion group was lower than that of the non-parametrial invasion group.D* and f were higher than those of the non-parametrial invasion group,with statisti-cally significant differences(P<0.05).The area under the curve(AUC),sensitivity and specificity of D for evaluating parame-trial invasion in cervical cancer were 0.864,74.29%and 88.14%,respectively(P<0.05).The AUC,sensitivity and specificity of D* were 0.769,62.86%and 83.05%,respectively(P<0.05).Conclusion D value and D* measured by DWI of 3.0T MRI have high diagnostic efficacy for parametrial invasion before cervical cancer.