Abstract:During the proliferation and releasing activities,in order to effectively protect the genetic diversity of amphioxus germplasm resources,the microsatellite marker technology was used to conduct a comparative analysis of the genetic diversity and genetic structure between wild and released amphioxus populations.The primers were designed based on the microsatellite sequences obtained from the transcriptome sequencing of amphioxus,and 8 pairs of polymorphic microsatellite primers were screened.Then,the genetic diversity of the wild population and two proliferation and releasing populations of amphioxus during 2023-2024 was detected by using the capillary electrophoresis technology.The results showed that:a total of 122 alleles were amplified across the 8 microsatellite loci in wild and released amphioxus populations,with the number of alleles per locus ranging from 7 to 25(the average number of 15.13).The polymorphism information content was 0.616-0.930,which had high genetic polymorphism.The average expected heterozygosity of wild and released populations was 0.762-0.817,and the average allelic richness was 9.631-11.382.The genetic distance between the wild population and the released population was relatively small(0.015-0.045),indicating that the genetic differentiation among the populations was low.Both the wild and released populations of amphioxus had high genetic diversity,and the genetic diversity of wild populations was slightly higher than that of the released populations,but there was no significant difference in genetic structure between the two populations.The results of this study could provide basic genetic basis for the proliferation and releasing of amphioxus and the protection of germplasm resources.

Abstract:This study aimed to explore the active components of Aquilaria sinensis tea and their therapeutic mechanism in diabetes treatment.The active components of Aquilaria sinensis tea were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).The Swiss Target Prediction database was used to collect the targets corresponding to these active components,while the diabetes-related targets were collected from the GeneCards and OMIM databases.Then,the component targets and disease targets were screened for the potential therapeutic targets by using Venny analysis.The Cytoscape 3.7.1 software was used to construct the component target-disease target network,and the STRING database was applied to build a protein-protein interaction(PPI)network.The DAVID database was used for Gene Ontology(GO)functional enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment analysis of the potential targets.The molecular docking validation of the core targets was performed by using the RCSB PDB database and AutoDockTools 1.5.6 software.Twenty-three active components such as phytol,friedelin and β-amyrin were identified by using the GC-MS method.Through the database,372 active component targets and 3,168 diabetes-related targets were collected,from which 183 potential targets for A.sinensis tea in the treatment of diabetes were screened out.These potential targets were mainly enriched in the following functions and pathways,such as the insulin impairment signaling,insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling,and positive regulation of the ERK1 and ERK2 cascades in the biological processes.The cellular components included the plasma membrane,receptor complexes,and cell membrane,etc.;in terms of molecular function,there were kinase activity of transmembrane receptors and collagen receptors,and platelet-derived growth factor alpha receptor activity.The KEGG pathway analysis revealed that the potential targets were mainly involved in the pathways related to cancer,insulin resistance,and endocrine resistance.The results of molecular docking showed that the core components could bind to the key target proteins stably.In conclusion,the active components of A.sinensis tea played a role in the treatment of diabetes through a multi-component,multi-target,and multi-pathway approach.It was speculated that the active components such as α-tocopherol,β-amyrin and phytol in A.sinensis tea may modulate the key target proteins including AKT1,IL-1β,and SRC,thereby regulating the pathways related to cancer,insulin resistance,and endocrine resistance,so as to achieve the therapeutic effects against diabetes,which provided a theoretical basis for the development of natural medicines for diabetes treatment.

Abstract:In order to further explore the functional characteristics and potential molecular mechanisms of Coenzyme Q0 as an antibiotic adjuvant,Escherichia coli BW25113 was used as the research object,and four treatment groups were set up:the blank group(Control),the gentamicin-treated group(Genta),the Coenzyme Q0-treated group(Q0),and the combined treatment group(Q0+Genta).The final concentration of gentamicin in the treated groups was 100 µg·mL-1,and the final concentration of Coenzyme Q0 was 30 µg·mL-1.Meanwhile,the hydrogen peroxide(30%solution)was used as the positive control for the determination of reactive oxygen species(ROS).The flow cytometry was employed to detect the intracellular ROS level and proton motive force(PMF)level;the cell membrane damage was evaluated by propidium iodide(PI)staining combined with the fluorescence microscopy;and the cell morphology was observed by using the scanning electron microscopy.The results showed that:Coenzyme Q0 could significantly affect the intracellular ROS level of bacteria,and its combination with antibiotics could generate more ROS,inducing bacteria to enter the state of oxidative stress.Coenzyme Q0 could disrupt the normal intracellular energy metabolism of bacteria,thereby reducing their PMF level.The results of outer membrane staining showed that the fluorescence intensity of bacteria in the combined treatment group was significantly higher than that in the single-treatment group,indicating that Coenzyme Q0 could damage the outer membrane of bacteria and thus increase the uptake of antibiotics.The results of scanning electron microscopy revealed that the integrity of bacterial membrane morphology in the combined treatment group was disrupted,which further enhanced the bactericidal effect of antibiotics.This study clarified the mechanism of Coenzyme Q0 enhancing the antibiotic bactericidal activity by regulating ROS,PMF and cell membrane structure,which provided a theoretical basis for its subsequent development.

Abstract:The key to the hybrid rice breeding lies in the creation of excellent sterile lines and restorer lines,and also the selection of hybrid combinations with comprehensive advantages in terms of yield,resistance,and quality through the reasonable crossbreeding.By using the blast-resistant restorer line Fuhui 6073 as the male parent and the two-line sterile line Tong S with excellent rice quality and coordinated agronomic traits,the new hybrid rice variety Tongliangyou 6073 was successfully bred.This variety had excellent comprehensive traits,specifically manifested in its ideal plant type,strong lodging resistance,excellent eating quality,and rice quality reaching the national standard for Grade II high-quality rice.Its entire growth period was 128.6 days,which was 3.9 days earlier than that of the control variety Fengliangyou No.4.It had stable high yield,with the average yield in the two-year regional trials reaching 9 562.50 kg·hm-2,which was 4.97%higher than that of the control Fengliangyou No.4.In terms of resistance,it showed moderate susceptibility to rice blast,but its overall resistance level was better than that of the control group.In conclusion,Tongliangyou 6073 was a new hybrid rice variety with high yield,excellent quality,and broad adaptability.It was suitable for being promoted and cultivated in the one-season rice areas of the middle and lower Yangtze River region and had good application prospects.

Abstract:The intervention mechanism of ethanol extract(DA)of Ganoderma lucidum mycelium powder on the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)was systematically explored by using the network pharmacology method in this study.The components of DA were identified by using LC-MS,and its active ingredients were screened based on ADME models.The targets of these active ingredients were predicted via the Swiss Target Prediction platform,while NAFLD-related targets were retrieved from the Gene Cards and OMIM databases.The PPI network was constructed by using the Cytoscape software to screen the core targets,and then the enrichment analysis was carried out based on the DAVID database.Finally,AutoDock was used to complete the molecular docking validation.The results of this study indicated that 115 compound components were identified from DA by LC-MS,and 53 active ingredients were screened by Swiss platform.These active ingredients and NAFLD exhibited 250 shared targets,from which 26 core targets were identified through screening via the Protein-Protein Interaction(PPI)network.The enrichment analysis revealed that these targets were significantly enriched in the signaling pathways such as PI3K-Akt,MAPK,and AGE-RAGE,and were involved in the processes including inflammatory response,signal transduction,and transcriptional regulation.The molecular docking demonstrated that the core components(such as DA39)exhibited good binding affinity with the targets.This study has shown that DA played an anti-NAFLD effect in improving insulin resistance,regulating lipid metabolism,reducing inflammation,and countering fibrosis through the synergistic effect of"multi-compound-multi-target-multi-pathway",and reflecting the holistic therapeutic characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine.

Abstract:In order to solve the issue of diarrhea in farmed animals and develop the green,safe and efficient alternatives to antibiotics in feed additives,Lactobacillus acidophilus LA18(GDMCC 62222),which was isolated and preserved independently,was used as the research object.A bacteriocin was isolated and purified from the fermentation broth of Lactobacillus acidophilus LA18(GDMCC 62222)through specific culture media and fermentation conditions.Then,its molecular weight was determined by using the high-resolution mass spectrometry,and its minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)and antibacterial spectrum were evaluated by using the microbroth dilution method and the agar diffusion method.Additionally,the stability of the bacteriocin under different pH and temperature conditions was investigated,and its hemolytic activity was detected to assess its biological safety.The results showed that the bacteriocin had a molecular weight of approximately 3320 Da and exhibited significant inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus(MIC:0.4 μg·mL-1),while showing no significant inhibitory effect on the common probiotics such as Bacillus subtilis,Enterococcus faecium,and Lactobacillus plantarum.It maintained good stability under pH conditions＜8.0,but was easily inactivated in strong alkaline environments.It remained stable after treatment at 70℃,80℃,and 90℃for 10 minutes,with a hemolysis rate of less than 5%,showing good environmental tolerance and biological safety.This study provided new ideas for the development of novel feed additives and the improvement of animal gut health by systematically evaluating the biological functions and safety characteristics of the bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus acidophilus LA18.

Abstract:In order to explore the effects of different application rates of Tebeigai Soil Conditioner on the acid soil improvement and sweet potato yield and economic benefits,the field fertilizer efficiency experiments of sweet potato were conducted in Qiaoliu Village of Honglai Town and Dongtou Village of Guanqiao Town,Nan'an City.Four treatments were set up in this experiment,including the conventional fertilization(CK),conventional fertilization+750 kg·hm-2 of Tebeigai Soil Conditioner(T1),conventional fertilization+1500 kg·hm-2 of Tebeigai Soil Conditioner(T2),and conventional fertilization+3000 kg·hm-2 of Tebeigai Soil Conditioner(T3).The effects of different application rates of Tebeigai Soil Conditioner on the sweet potato yield,economic benefits,and soil physical and chemical properties were studied.The results showed that in Qiaoliu Village of Honglai Town,the fresh weight of sweet potatoes in the T2 treatment significantly increased by 3,033.0 kg·hm-2 compared to CK,representing a 17.77%increase.In Dongtou Village of Guanqiao Town,the T2 treatment increased the yield by 1,130.0 kg·hm-2,representing a 6.48%increase.The effects of the soil conditioner on soil pH and exchangeable calcium content varied by the experimental site.In Qiaoliu Village of Honglai Town,the soil pH in the T2 treatment increased to 4.63,a significant increase of 0.25 units,and the exchangeable calcium significantly increased by 41.5 mg·kg-1.In Dongtou Village of Guanqiao Town,the soil pH in the T2 treatment increased to 5.21,an increase of 0.08 units,and the exchangeable calcium significantly increased by 38.4 mg·kg-1.The economic benefits of Qiaoliu Village in Honglai Town and Dongtou Village in Guanqiao Town were the highest in the T2 treatment,with the net output value increasing by 16.23%and 3.75%,respectively compared with the control group.

Abstract:In order to explore the growth regularity of Siniperca chuatsi under the land-based recirculating aquaculture mode,the healthy Siniperca chuatsi with an initial average body weight of(49.84±7.10)g and an initial average body length of(13.11±0.68)cm were used as the research objects.According to the seedling density of 98 individuals per cubic meter(ind·m-3),a 120-day feeding trial was conducted in the land-based circulating water system(RAS).With a 30-day interval as one sampling period,the experiment was divided into four stages:stageⅠ(Days 1-30),stage Ⅱ(Days 31-60),stageⅢ(Days 61-90),and stageⅣ(Days 91-120).The body weight and body length were monitored and statistically analyzed at each stage.The results showed that:after 120 days of culture,the final average body weight of Siniperca chuatsi was(255.71±57.89)g,the final average body length was(22.05±1.78)cm,the survival rate was(93.70±2.58)%,and the feed conversion ratio was(1.19±0.02).Both the body weight and body length increased significantly with the progression of the culture stage(P＜0.05),and their relationships with the breeding days were both consistent with the quadratic function model.The fitting equations were respectively as follows:y=-5.8293 x2+88.141x-36.574(R2=0.9948)for body weight,and y=-0.4557x2+5.0083x+8.454(R2=0.9981)for body length.The relationship between body weight and body length conformed to the power function models,and the fitting equation was y=0.0199x3.0544(R2=0.986).The growth performance of Siniperca chuatsi showed distinct stage-specific differences.The body weight gain rate,specific growth rate of body weight,body length growth rate,and specific growth rate of body length were the highest in stage I and the lowest in stage Ⅳ,with significant differences among the stages(P＜0.05).The body weight growth rate was the fastest in stageⅡ,with a daily weight gain of(2.43±0.06)g.The body length growth rate was the fastest in stageⅠand stageⅡ,with a daily growth of(0.10±0.01)cm in both stages.In conclusion,under the land-based RAS,the growth of Siniperca chuatsi exhibited an obvious phased pattern.For the practical production,precisely identifying the inflection point of its growth rate and implementing the pond-separated management accordingly were the key technical measures to optimize the aquaculture process,shorten the culture cycle,and improve the aquaculture efficiency.

Abstract:In order to explore the effects of slow-release fertilizers on the growth and development of rice and fertilizer utilization efficiency,the experiments were conducted in Fangdao Town,Jian'ou City,Fujian Province in 2023,the effects of conventional fertilization(T1),controlled release compound fertilizer(T2)and organic-inorganic slow-release fertilizer(T3)on the rice growth,yield and fertilizer utilization efficiency were tested and compared with no fertilization(CK).The results showed that,the fertilization significantly increased the rice plant height,effective panicles,rice and straw yields,all of which were significantly different from CK.Among them,the rice yield of T2 and T3 was 34.01%and 40.50%higher than that of CK,respectively.Compared with CK,both T2 and T3 significantly increased the nitrogen absorption of rice grain and straw.Compared with T1,the nitrogen fertilizer absorption and utilization efficiency of T2 and T3 rice increased by 40.91%and 67.33%,respectively,and both of them showed significant differences compared to T1.The nitrogen agronomic utilization efficiency and nitrogen partial productivity of T2 and T3 rice were also significantly higher than those of CK,but T3 was the best.In summary,the organic-inorganic slow-release fertilizers could replace the application of traditional chemical fertilizers in rice production.

Abstract:In order to further analyze the molecular mechanism conducted by rice phosphatidylinositol phosphate kinase PIPK-FAB in regulating stress responses,the yeast two-hybrid technique was used to screen its interacting proteins(OsPAPs)and combined with the transcriptome analysis,the response characteristics of OsPAPs genes to environmental stresses were analyzed.The yeast two-hybrid assay showed that PIPK-FAB gene was non-toxic to yeast strain AH109 and did not exhibit self-activation activity.A total of 34 PIPK-FAB interaction positive clones were screened from the rice cDNA library.After sequencing,20 interacting proteins were identified,including phosphoinositide-specific phospholipases,SNARE proteins,GTPase-activating proteins,ascorbate peroxidases,calmodulin-like proteins,and lectins.The results of transcriptome analysis showed that OsPAPs genes could respond to various abiotic and biotic stresses such as salinity,drought,temperature extremes,and rice blast infection,showing diversified expression patterns.In summary,PIPK-FAB gene might serve as a key regulatory node in the response network of rice to environmental stress,and cooperate with multiple signaling pathways to participate in the regulation of stress resistance.

Abstract:In order to explore the prevalence of Swine Influenza Virus(SIV)in the large-scale pig farms in western Fujian,the SIV antibodies were detected by using the method of ELISA in a total of 457 healthy pig serum samples collected from the large-scale pig farms in Liancheng County,Shanghang County,Yongding District and Qingliu County from January 2022 to December 2024,and H1,H3,H5,H7 and H9 subtypes were detected for the positive sera.The results showed that 223 of the 457 samples from the large-scale pig farms in western Fujian were positive for SIV antibodies,with an overall positive rate of 48.80%.Among the positive serum samples,H1 subtype accounted for 77.58%(173/223),and H3 subtype accounted for 2.69%(6/233),whereas H5,H7 and H9 subtypes were not detected.There was no significant difference in the positive rate of SIV antibody in different regions and seasons in western Fujian(P＞0.05),but the positive rate in 2023 was significantly higher than that in 2024 and 2022(P＜0.05).The sow herds showed significantly higher prevalence than boars(P＜0.05),and the positive rate of swine influenza A antibodies in the sow herds and fattening pigs were significantly higher than that of nursery pigs and suckling piglets(P＜0.05).The results of this study could provide crucial data support for the formulation and implementation of SIV prevention and control in the region.

Abstract:In order to screen the effective insecticides for controlling Phenacoccus solenopsis from eggplant,the toxicity of mineral oil,thiamethoxam and lambda-cyhalothrin against its 3 rd instar nymphs and female adults of Phenacoccus solenopsis was determined by using the immersion method in the laboratory,and the field efficacy validation trials was carried out.The results of laboratory toxicity test showed that:mineral oil,thiamethoxam and lambda-cyhalothrin showed certain toxic activity against the 3 rd instar nymphs and female adults of Phenacoccus solenopsis.The toxicity of thiamethoxam was the highest,and the LC50 values of the 3 rd instar nymphs and female adults was only 8.76 mg·L-1 and 11.24 mg·L-1,respectively.Followed by lambda-cyhalothrin,with the LC50 values of 25.41 mg·L-1 and 22.70 mg·L-1,respectively.The toxicity of mineral oil was the lowest,with the LC50 values of 178.32 mg·L-1 and 198.24 mg·L-1,respectively.The results of field efficacy test showed that:at the recommended dose,the corrected control efficacy of mineral oil was the highest at 7 days after treatment,reaching 77.8%,followed by thiamethoxam(77.0%),while lambda-cyhalothrin showed relatively lower efficacy(48.2%).Both thiamethoxam and mineral oil still maintained high efficacy(>90%)14 days after treatment,whereas the efficacy of lambda-cyhalothrin declined significantly(to only 24.5%).The results showed that thiamethoxam and mineral oil were effective insecticides for controlling Phenacoccus solenopsis,while lambda-cyhalothrin showed relatively poor efficacy and short persistence period.

Abstract:In order to explore the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of dissolved organic nitrogen concentration(DON)and urea concentration(Urea-N)in Xiamen waters and their effects on the phytoplankton community structure,the investigation of dissolved organic nitrogen,urea and phytoplankton community in Xiamen waters was carried out in April(spring)and August(summer)of 2022,and the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and correlation of DON concentration,Urea-N concentration and phytoplankton communities in this water were analyzed.The results showed that:the average concentration of dissolved organic nitrogen in spring was higher than that in summer.The concentration of dissolved organic nitrogen in the bay was higher than that outside the bay,and the highest value in spring and summer appeared in the western water.The average value of urea concentration in summer was higher than that in spring,with a gradually decreasing trend from nearshore to offshore,and the highest concentrations in spring and summer were found in the Jiulong River estuary.The average abundance of phytoplankton in spring and summer was 8.4×106 cells·L-1 and 1.76×106 cells·L-1,respectively.The dominant species in spring included Chaetoceros,Skeletonema costatum,Chaetoceros debilis and so on,while the dominant species in summer included Skeletonema costatum Chaetoceros curvisetus and Rhizosolenia fragilissima.In spring,the average abundance of phytoplankton,diatoms,and dinoflagellates showed the high values in the western water and Tong'an Bay water,while the high value area appeared in the southeastern waters during summer.From the results of correlation analysis,it could be preliminarily concluded that:the salinity and dinoflagellate abundance were significantly negatively correlated with the DON concentration and Urea-N concentration.In spring,there was a significant positive correlation between temperature and total phytoplankton abundance.The research results showed that the main sources of DON and Urea-N in Xiamen waters were from the runoff input from the Jiulong River and the discharge input from land-based sources such as the domestic sewage and the industrial and agricultural wastewater.The effects of DON and Urea-N on the phytoplankton community structure(especially dinoflagellates)in Xiamen waters should not be ignored.

Abstract:By taking the construction of internal control system in 2017-2019 of the Crop Research Institute of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences(hereinafter referred to as"Crop Institute")as a case,the longitudinal case study method was used to compare and analyze the management practice and effectiveness of the two stages of 2014-2016(pre-system implementation)and 2020-2022(post-system implementation).The results showed that through the four key mechanisms of process optimization,power balance,risk prevention and control and information transparency,the utilization efficiency of scientific research funds of the Crop Research Institute was significantly improved in multiple dimensions.(1)Enhanced compliance:a notable reduction in fund irregularities and auditing issues;(2)Efficiency gains:the substantial increases in budget execution rates and reimbursement efficiency,shortened procurement cycles,and sustained high staff satisfaction;(3)Economic improvement:the effective control of public operational costs and the rationalization of resource allocation;(4)Effectiveness highlighted:the internal control system created a stable environment,driving the exponential growth in the per capita scientific research achievements,authorized patents and achievement transformation funds.The study suggested that the systematic institutional development through internal control frameworks has facilitated a coordinated leap from extensive to refined management of human,financial,and material resources,providing an empirical path for the agricultural scientific research institutions to solve the dilemma of"heavy application and light management".

Abstract:The microbial strains were isolated from the rhizosphere soil of banana orchard without disease,and Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense Tropical Race 4(Foc TR4)was used as the target strain to screen the high-efficiency antagonistic strains of Foc TR4,which provided a new choice for the green prevention and control of banana fusarium wilt.The rhizosphere soil from banana plantation in the horticultural greenhouse of Huaqiao University was collected,and the excellent antagonistic strains were screened by using the dilution coating and plate confrontation methods,and the culture conditions were optimized.The results showed that three antagonistic strains were isolated from the soil of banana garden,among which CL-1 strain had the best antagonistic effect,with an inhibition rate of 34.25%.The 16 S rRNA sequencing results showed that the strain had a similarity of 99.38%with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia,and was preliminarily identified as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.The single factor culture conditions for CL-1 strain were optimized.The optimal culture medium for CL-1 strain was beef extract of 5 g·L-1,peptone of 10 g·L-1,and calcium chloride of 5 g·L-1.After the optimization,the antibacterial rate was increased to 45.21%.The CL-1 strain could effectively inhibit the growth of banana Foc TR4 and had good biocontrol potential.

Abstract:The field application effect of compound microbial fertilizer replacing part of compound fertilizer was studied,and the fertilizer ratio of new sweet potato fertilizer suitable for being popularized in Xiang'an District of Xiamen City was screened,in order to provide technical support for the promotion of new fertilizer.The single factor randomized block design was used in the experiment.The common variety Pushu 32 in Xiang'an District was used as the test material,and four treatments were set up.The base fertilizer of treatment 1(CK,traditional fertilizer application of farmers)was 450 kg·hm-2 potassium sulfate compound fertilizer,and the base fertilizers of treatments 2 to 4 were 360,585,and 810 kg·hm-2 compound microbial fertilizers,respectively.And the topdressing fertilizers of each treatment were 375 kg·hm-2 potassium sulfate compound fertilizer.The effects of different compound microbial fertilizers on the agronomic traits,yield and economic benefits of sweet potato were analyzed.The results showed that the application of compound microbial fertilizer was beneficial to promote the effect of sweet potato more tubers and increase the rate of large and medium tubers,but when the amount was too much,the number of tubers per plant and the rate of large and medium tubers would decrease,and the cost of fertilizer would increase.Under the treatment 3:the application amount of compound microbial fertilizer was 585 kg·hm-2+compound fertilizer 375 kg·hm-2,the economic benefit was the best when the total fertilizer application rate was reduced by 15%compared with that of treatment(CK),which could be further tried and popularized in the main producing areas of local sweet potato in Xiamen.

Abstract:A 30-day single factor feeding test was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with 0.05%Weizmannia coagulans on the growth performance,intestinal health and immune function in juvenile Micropterus salmoides with the body weight of(1.05±0.05)g·tail-1,while the control group was not added.The results showed that Weizmannia coagulans significantly increased the weight gain rate(P＜0.01)and specific growth rate(P＜0.01),while the feed coefficient was significantly reduced(P＜0.01).The histological analysis showed that the length of intestinal villus and the thickness of muscle layer in the experimental group were significantly increased,and the degree of liver vacuolization was reduced.Furthermore,Weizmannia coagulans significantly increased the intestinal alkaline phosphatase(P＜0.01)and acid phosphatase activity(P＜0.01),while the hepatic catalase(CAT)and total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)activity were significantly enhanced(P＜0.05).This study confirmed that Weizmannia coagulans could significantly improve the growth performance and health status of juvenile Micropterus salmoides by promoting the secretion of digestive enzymes,improving the intestinal morphology and strengthening the antioxidant defense system,providing a scientific basis for its application in aquaculture.

Abstract:The species of common greening plant Dracontomelon duperreanum Pierre and their damages in Zhongshan City were investigated to provide basic data for the prevention and control of those pests.The manual investigation in the planting area of Dracontomelon duperreanum in Zhongshan City was carried out,and the tools such as sweeping nets and high twig shear were used to collect Dracontomelon duperreanum,and then the larvae or nymphs collected during the investigations were raised in the laboratory.A total of 11 species of pests on Dracontomelon duperreanum,belonging to 3 orders and 9 families,were found in Zhongshan City,which were Neoplocaederus obesus(Gahan),Corticeus sp.,Xyloborinus sp.,Coccotrypes sp.,Phenolia picta(MacLeay),and Epuraea ocularis Fairmaire of Coleoptera,Cossus sp.,Prasinoxena metaleuca Hampson of Lepidoptera,Ricania guttata(Walker),Thabena litaoensis(Yang)and Erthesina fullo(Thunberg)of Hemiptera.Combined with field observation,specimens and literatures,the basic biological information such as morphological identification,damage location,damage degree and living habits of the above pests were provided.In Zhongshan City,the most important insect pest that endangered Dracontomelon duperreanum Pierre was Neoplocaederus obesus(Gahan)of Coleoptera,which could result in the death of trees after persistent damages.

Abstract:In order to meet the diversified needs of the market,a new variety of fresh black corn suitable for being planted in Quanzhou was screened out.Nine new varieties were introduced,and the comparative test was carried out with Suyunuo No.5 as the control.The growth period,agronomic traits,ear traits,ear appearance quality and cooking and eating identification,disease and insect resistance and other related indicators were comprehensively evaluated.The results showed that among the nine tested varieties,Heitiannuo 168 exhibited the best overall performance:a shorter growth period(67 days),outstanding ear length(21.7 cm),number of rows per ear(15.9 rows),and the number of grains per row(34.7 grains),with the yield of fresh ear reaching 12,206.17 kg·hm-2,which was 11.2%higher than that of the control Suyunuo No.5,and the difference was significant.Additionally,it demonstrated excellent external quality,superior color,and strong comprehensive disease resistance,making it a priority for the promotion as a fresh black corn variety in the Quanzhou region.The yields of Motong and Jinheiyu No.2 were higher than that of the control Suyunuo No.5,but the difference was not significant.The yields of the other six varieties were lower than that of the control Suyunuo No.5.

Abstract:In order to develop a rapid and accurate identification method for the authenticity of hybrid Pennisetum,the molecular markers were developed based on the specific sequences derived from the genomes of pearl millet(Pennisetum glaucum)and elephant grass(Pennisetum purpureum)for the authenticity identification of hybrid Pennisetum,with validation conducted via chromosome counting and genomic in situ hybridization(GISH)on 16 candidate progeny lines.The results showed that 1146,2421,and 4067 specific sequences were screened out by the comparative sequence analysis of A subgenome of pearl millet,along with the A'and B subgenomes of elephant grass.A total of 21 molecular markers were developed from these three subgenomes,and three highly efficient markers were ultimately screened.The results of PCR amplification and agarose gel electrophoresis revealed that 13 out of the 16 candidate lines were true allotriploid hybrid Pennisetum,while the lines Minmu No.6,Reyan No.4,and Guimu No.1 were identified as tetraploid elephant grass rather than genuine hybrids.The results of chromosome counting and GISH were fully consistent with the molecular markers,which confirmed the reliability of the marker system.This method successfully established the authenticity identification technology of hybrid Pennisetum,and provided a reference for the identification of hybrids in other complex polyploid plant species.