Abstract:The Yunnan Jiaozi Mountain National Nature Reserve represents a critical biodiversity hotspot in southwest China,characterized by its rich flora and unique ecosystems.This study systematically performed taxonomic identification and ecological adaptability analysis on the species of Picea and Luisia recorded within the reserve.Taxonomic investigations revealed two species:P.brachytyla and L.morsei,both of which were newly documented in the reserve.Ecological adaptability analysis indicated that the distribution of P.brachytyla was primarily influenced by temperature seasonality and annual precipitation.However,L.morsei distribution demonstrated strong correlations with annual mean temperature and precipitation seasonality.These new plant records not only enriched the floristic diversity of Jiaozi Mountain but also extened the known upper elevational limit of the genus Luisia,providing a valuable case study site and scientific foundation for researching plant adaptive evolution and ecosystem functioning of these plants.Furthermore,this paper underscores the pivotal role of plant taxonomy in biodiversity monitoring and conservation.To address potential threats from climate change and anthropogenic activities,recommendations were proposed,including strengthening habitat protection in the Jiaozi Mountain region and establishing a comprehensive ecological monitoring system.

Abstract:Robinia pseudoacacia new cultivar'Yingshanhuang'is a deciduous tree with a straight stem,a wide oval crown,a light purple corolla,and yellow autumn leaves.It has extremely high ornamental value and can be used for urban landscaping,mountainous afforestation and protection forest.

Abstract:The field efficacy of five systemic insecticides against Fenusella taianensis larvae was studied by using the field investigation and analysis method.The results showed that all five insecticides had certain efficacy on Fenusella taianensis larvae.One day after treatment,the corrected efficacy of 50％dinotefuran SG 2000 times liquid was 70.24％,while the corrected efficacy of 20％chlorantraniliprole SC 8000 times liquid was only 3.56％.After 3 days,25％thiamethoxam WG 2000 times liquid and 50％dinotefuran SG 2000 times liquid showed better efficacy,with a corrected control effect greater than 81％,while other treatments were below 80％.After 7 days,the corrected efficacy of 50％dinotefuran SG 2000～4000 times liquid and 25％thiamethoxam WG 2000～4000 times liquid were all above 90％,followed by 10％imidacloprid EC 1000 times liquid,20％chlorantraniliprole SC 2000 times liquid,and 25％thiamethoxam WG 8000 times liquid,with corrected efficacy above 82％.In production,50％fipronil SG 2000～4000 times liquid,25％thiamethoxam WG 2000～4000 times liquid,10％imidacloprid EC 1000 times liquid,and 20％chlorantraniliprole SC 2000 times liquid can be alternately used for prevention and control.

Abstract:Based on typical aesthetic theories related to natural beauty and sensory beauty,the study selected the Daxitai River Forest Area in Jilin Province as the research target,and conducted an in-depth analysis and discussion.On this basis,the natural beauty enhancement strategies of intercropping of young and medium-sized forests,adjusting the composition of tree species,and natural regeneration of logging sites,as well as the sensory beauty enhancement means of excursion route planning,and road-side transformation into a compound canopy were proposed with a view to realizing the organic unity of forest management and aesthetic viewing.It was of great practical value and reference for most forest areas in China,where production and tourism go hand in hand in terms of forest aesthetics and forest management improvement.

Abstract:A new seedless fresh-dried edible jujube cultivar'Laolingwuhe 3 hao'with superior quality and crack resistance was selected in Laoling County,Shandong Province.The fruit shape is flat cylindrical and wasp waist,and the average fruit weight is 5.5 g.The average single fruit weight,soluble solids content,total acid content,vitamin C content,edible rate,and drying rate is 5.5 g,30.5％,2.58 mg·g-1,3.02 mg·g-1,100％,and 60.5％respectively.The peel of dried jujube fruit is purple red,and the soluble sugar is 65.1％.'Laolingwuhe 3 hao'have no cracked fruits in normal years,and the cracking rate is lower than 0.5％in case of heavy rain.In Laoling County,Shandong Province,the fruit ripens completely in mid/late September,and the growth period is about 95 d.The average yield is 18 900 kg·hm-2 in the 9th year after grafting on the 6-year-old'Jinsi Xiaozao'.

Abstract:The species Leersia oryzoides Swartz.of Poaceae was reported as new distribution record in Shandong Province.Until now,There are 3 species of Leersia in shandong Province.

Abstract:The experiment of planting Melia azedarach barrier belt and Acer negundo trap trees to control the Hyphantria cunea began in 2018.After five years of experimental investigation,it has been proven that M.azedarach has strong resistance to the H.cunea and can be used as non-host tree species in multi-species configuration to control the H.cunea.A.negundo is a preferred food source for the H.cunea and has significant attraction effect,so it can be used as a trap tree species in multi-species configuration to control the H.cunea.Using M.azedarach and A.negundo as companion tree species for poplar afforestation,planting M.azedarach barrier belts or A.negundo trap trees on the edge rows of newly planted poplar forests can effectively reduce the spread and harm of the H.cunea enhance the natural control ability of pure poplar forests against the H.cunea and achieve good control effects.

Abstract:Cerasus humilis contains various nutrients with high calcium content,with strong stress resistance,high economic and ecological value.The differences in growth indicators,photosynthetic parameters,chlorophyll content,and dry matter accumulation among five C.humilis varieties introduced to Jining region were studied.The results showed that there were significant differences in internode length,leaf size,quantity,color,and texture between the two series of C.humilis.The content of three pigments in the leaves of the Nongda series was lower than that of the Jingou series.'Jingou 6'had the highest net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,and transpiration rate,while'Nongda 7'had the lowest.The intercellular carbon dioxide concentration of'Jingou 6'was the lowest,while that of'Nongda 4'was the highest.The five introduced C.humilis varieties all had a relatively fast growth rate.After three years of planting,the plant height,base diameter,and crown width of'Jingou 6'were significantly higher than those of'Nongda 7'.The stem dry matter content of C.humilis was slightly higher than that of its leaves.The three varieties in the Jingou series had higher dry matter accumulation in their stems and leaves,while the two varieties in the Nongda series had lower dry matter accumulation.Without considering fruit quality,the Jingou series is superior to the Nongda series,with'Jingou 6'having the best growth and development in all indicators,making it suitable for promotion and planting in Jining region.

Abstract:The species Ludwigia leptocarpa(Nutt.)H.Hara of Onagraceae was reported as new naturalized plant record in Shandong Province.

Abstract:Forest fuel is regarded as the material base of forest fire,which is considered to be the principal part of forest fire behavior and the forest management.In this study,we reviewed the current research literatures on the forest fuel type,fuel load and equilibrium moisture content,and analyzed the facing questions and development trend of forest fuel in China.

Abstract:To rapidly and accurately predict the impact of meteorological factors on the population dynamics of Micromelalopha sieversi,this study proposes a Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)-based prediction model driven by meteorological data.By integrating daily meteorological data and pest monitoring records from 2014 to 2022 in Shanghe County,Jinan City,Shandong Province,a"meteorology-pest severity"mapping dataset was constructed,where pest occurrence levels were categorized into 0-3 grades(thresholds:0,100,1000 individuals).Through Extreme Gradient Boosting(XGBoost)-based feature selection,20 critical meteorological factors(e.g.,winter average temperature and consecutive rainless days)significantly influencing pest severity were identified.The model was trained and evaluated using five-fold time-series cross-validation.Results demonstrated that the LSTM model significantly outperformed baseline models(Logistic Regression,Random Forest,and LightGBM),achieving an accuracy of 0.8420,weighted precision of 0.8442,weighted recall of 0.8420,weighted F1-score of 0.8367.Further validation on an independent 2023 test set highlighted its superior short-term forecasting capability(87.78%accuracy in the first quarter).This study establishes a high-precision methodological framework for time-series prediction of forestry pest outbreaks,offering critical insights for optimizing eco-friendly pest control strategies.

Abstract:The experiment employed a randomized block design with tissue-cultured seedlings derived from two Catalpa bignonioides clones as the research subjects,which aims to investigate the effects of different substrates on early transplanting growth of Catalpa tissue-cultured seedlings.The experiment set up four treatments,including ransplanting the Cattlan clonal FX53-2 with substrate A(fir wood chips:volcanic stone=5:1)(T1),transplanting the Cattlan clonal FX53-2 with substrate B(white Sphagnum moss)(T2),transplanting the Cattlan clonal FX46 with substrate A(fir wood chips:volcanic stone=5:1)(T3),transplanting the Cattlan clonal FX53-2 with substrate B(white Sphagnum moss)(T4),measurement of transplanting survival rate,plant height,root length,chlorophyll content and root activity.Results indicated that:(1)Treatment T3 achieved the highest survival rate,T4 exhibited the fastest shoot growth,and T1 developed the longest roots;(2)For FX53-2,substrate type significantly affected chlorophyll a(P<0.01),chlorophyll b(P<0.05),and total chlorophyll(P<0.01),but not root activity;(3)For FX46,only chlorophyll a was significantly influenced(P<0.05);(4)FX46 demonstrated superior performance in all chlorophyll parameters and root activity compared to FX53-2.In conclusion,under the experimental conditions,Catalpa clone FX46 performed better than FX53-2,and substrate B(white sphagnum moss)was superior to substrate A(fir wood chips:volcanic stone=5:1).

Abstract:This study aimed to investigate the influence of different plant hormones on sour jujube stem segment differentiation,establish an*in vitro*rapid propagation system for sour jujube,and provide technical support and a theoretical basis for the production and application of tissue-cultured seedlings.To identify the optimal sterilization method for sour jujube explants,eight treatments with 0.01％HgCl a:various durations(8,10,12,16,20,6+6,8+8,10+10 min)were assessed based on contamination,browning,and survival rates.In the start-up culture,the hormone 6-BA was set at three levels of 0.5,1.0,and 1.5 mg·L-1,IBA was set at three levels of 0.1,0.2,and 0.3 mg·L-1,and NAA was set at three levels of 0.1,0.3,and 0.6 mg·L-1.The optimal hormone ratio for the start-up culture of tissue culture seedlings was screened;In subculture,the hormone 6-BA was set at three levels of 0.5,1.0,and 2.0 mg·L-1,and NAA was set at three levels of 0.0,0.2,and 0.4 mg·L-1.The effects of different concentrations of IBA(0.5,1.0,1.5 mg·L-1)and activated charcoal(0.0,0.3,0.6 g·L-1)on the rooting of tissue-cultured plantlets were analyzed.The results showed that:1.When the explants of sour jujube stem segments were sterilized with 0.01％HgCl2 for 8+8 minutes,the survival rate was the highest(83.33％).2.The optimal induction medium for adventitious buds from stem explants is MS+1.0 mg·L-1 6-BA+0.3 mg·L-1 NAA+0.1 mg·L-1 IBA+30 g·L-1 sucrose+5.8 g·L-1 agar.3.The optimal proliferation medium is MS+1.5 mg·L-1 6-BA+0.2 mg·L-1 NAA+30 g·L-1 sucrose+5.8 g·L-1.4.The optimal rooting medium is 1/2MS+1.0 mg·L-1 NAA+0.3 g·L-1 activated carbon 20 g·L-1 sucrose+5.0 g·L-1.The effect is better after dark cultivation for 7 days.5.Refining seedlings and transplanting:After rooting and cultivation,plantlets were transferred to natural light under shaded conditions.The shading level was gradually reduced until complete removal.Concurrently,the lids of the culture vessels were gradually opened until fully removed.Plants were then ready for transplanting into the field.A rapid micropropagation system for sour jujube was established,and suitable initiation medium,subculture medium,rooting medium,and rooting conditions for sour jujube were screened.The domestication and transplantation of sour jujube seedlings were successfully carried out.

Abstract:This study focused on three introduced North American oak species—Quercus rubra(Northern Red Oak),Q.palustris(Pin Oak),and Q.nuttallii(Nuttall Oak).Their introduction adaptability in the mountainous area of central Shandong was evaluated by observing phenology,seed germination,afforestation survival rate,and growth performance,The aim was to provide a basis for selecting suitable tree species and guiding introduction and cultivation practices in this region.The results indicated that Q.rubra and Q.palustris adapted well to the local climatic environment,and the applied cultivation methods proved reasonable and effective for local afforestation.In contrast,Q.nuttallii performed showed significant uncertainty in various aspects,indicating its poor adaptability to local afforestation conditions and the high risks of conventional planting methods.

Abstract:In recent years,extensive dieback has occurred in Robinia pseudoacacia protection forest in the Yellow River Delta.To investigate the relationship between tree decline and the rhizosphere soil environment,three middle-aged R.pseudoacacia protection forests(Island,Warhorse Fifth Farm,and Ninth Farm)in Hekou District,Dongying City,were selected.Rhizosphere soil samples from 0-100 cm depth were collected using a mechanical stratified sampling method,and their physicochemical properties were analyzed.The results showed that:(1)the rhizosphere soil of declining trees exhibited lower capillary water-holding capacity(CHC)and capillary porosity(CP)than that of healthy trees;(2)in terms of chemical properties,the rhizosphere soil pH of declining trees was significantly higher(P<0.05),while total organic carbon(TC),total nitrogen(TN),and available potassium(AK)were generally lower;(3)principal component analysis(PCA)revealed a clear differentiation of soil samples along two ecological gradients,namely"bulk density-moisture-organic matter"and"nutrient enrichment-pore structure",with electrical conductivity(EC)and pH forming an independent axis of variation.These findings indicate notable alterations in the physicochemical environment of declining R.pseudoacacia rhizosphere soils,providing scientific insights for health diagnosis and microecological regulation of protection forest in the Yellow River Delta.

Abstract:In recent years,China's nature education sector has flourished,with various types of natural protected areas actively integrating nature education into their overall work.However,research and practical implementation of nature education in scenic and historic areas-a distinctive category of natural protected areas-remain largely unexplored.Taking Qianfo Mountain National Scenic and Historic Area as an example,this study investigates and analyzes the current status and existing problems of nature education within the scenic and historic area based on a survey and review of their existing resources.To address the identified issues,the study proposes high-quality development strategies applicable to scenic and historic areas.These strategies include:accelerating practical research on nature education in scenic and historic areas;building a nature education system guided by resource assessment;strengthening talent team development;and introducing social forces to promote the diverse and integrated development of nature education.It is hoped that this study will provide strategic guidance for advancing nature education in national scenic and historic areas.

Abstract:This study investigated wild Morchella spp.resources in Qujing City through field surveys,environmental monitoring,and farmer interviews to systematically characterize their natural distribution patterns,growth microenvironments,and existing cultivation practices.Focusing on the current development status of Morchella spp.industry in Malong District,Qujing,we conducted a comprehensive analysis encompassing germplasm resources,cultivation techniques,and market circulation.Innovatively,our research team simulated native ecological conditions to establish a systematic understory cultivation experiment in Malong District,successfully developing a standardized technical system comprising eight key components:(1)forest land selection and pretreatment based on soil pH and canopy density;(2)high-quality strain selection using molecular markers coupled with low-temperature pretreatment;(3)standardized sowing techniques aligned with mycelial growth patterns;(4)IoT-based precision control of environmental factors(temperature,humidity,light,and CO2 concentration);(5)independently developed high-efficiency nutrient bag application technology;(6)ridge-drying and fruiting induction protocols based on micrometeorological data;(7)integrated pest management combining biological and physical control methods;and(8)harvesting and yield-promotion techniques meeting fresh mushroom quality standards.Notably,the integration of localized innovations(e.g.,modified composite nutrient bags incorporating local straw,coordinated drip-micro-sprinkler irrigation systems)with standardized production protocols achieved commercial yields exceeding 3,000 kg/ha,representing over 30%cost reduction compared to conventional methods.This technical system not only significantly improved product quality consistency but also established a replicable model for efficient understory Morchella cultivation in Malong District and eastern Yunnan.The findings provide important practical insights for promoting understory economic development and rural revitalization in the region.

Abstract:This study reports a new distribution of Potentilla argentea in Shandong Province.Potentilla argentea,belonging to the genus Potentilla(family Rosaceae),was collected from Taiping National Wetland Park in Zoucheng,Jining,Shandong Province.In this study,the morphological characteristics of the species and its habitat are described in detail,and field photographs of the habitat and specimens of P.argentea are provided.

Abstract:Riverside recreational spaces are important places for urban residents to relieve mental stress.The existing research lacks a deep analysis of the public's environmental perception preferences and psychological and physiological recovery mechanisms associated with riverside recreational spaces.This study took the scenic belt on the east bank of Liuyang River in Changsha City as the research object,and used six types of recreational spaces as research materials to explore visual preferences and restorative effects across different landscape types through desktop eye-tracking and the SRRS self-assessment recovery scale.The study found that participants showed a higher subjective preference for artificial landscape spaces such as building plazas and road platforms,and considered these types of venues more suitable for conducting behavioral activities.Road platforms and building square s also elicited high levels of visual stimulation and attraction.Therefore,it is suggested that future designs of riverside landscape green belts should adopt spatial diversity as a guiding principle,and increase the proportion of building plaza and platform spaces.Specifically,in the landscape design of riverside green belts,it is recommended to arrange 3～4 heterogeneous plaza spaces(each 100～200 m2)per kilometer along the main trail,and to provide one waterfront platform(20～30 m2)every 50～80 meters,equipped with rest seats,ensuring at least 30%vegetation shade and maintaining open grassland areas.

Abstract:The free radical damage hypothesis is one of the important hypotheses explaining the reasons for leaf senescence and shedding in deciduous shrubs during the autumn-to-winter transition In this study,we analyzed superoxide anion content and antioxidant enzyme activity in the leaves of seven common garden shrubs in Daqing City during natural leaf fall to test this hypothesis.The results showed that:the content of superoxide anions in the leaves of 7 shrubs showed a decrease in the early stage of leaf shedding,but a significant increase in the later stage;SOD activity showed an increase before October 4th and then decreased;the activities of POD and CAT showed an increase throughout the entire leaf shedding period except for a few tree species;APX activity showed a decreasing trend during the leaf shedding period and reached its lowest value at the end of the leaf shedding period(October 18);PPO activity shows a change of first increasing and then decreasing.A comprehensive analysis suggests that leaf senescence and abscission in these seven shrub species during the deciduous period are linked to the accumulation of superoxide anions,resulting from decreased activities of the antioxidant enzymes SOD,APX,and PPO.