Abstract:The theory of"strengthening enterogastric fuction"in traditional Chinese medicine has a long history.However,its specific connotations and modern mechanisms of action remain unclear,which to some extent limits its clinical application.Gut microbiota may provide an entry point for exploring the common mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine herbs that"strengthening enterogastric fuction".By systematically reviewing traditional Chinese medicine herbs recorded in ancient texts as having the effect of"strengthening enterogastric fuction",sorting out the relevant traditional Chinese medicine theories and their origins,and summarizing and analyzing the connotation of"strengthening enterogastric fuction"as well as the commonalities and individual characteristics of the efficacy of these herbs,along with retrieving literature on clinical and basic research related to these herbs and gut microbiota,it was found that ancient texts clearly document 15 herbs with the effect of"strengthening enterogastric fuction".Among them,7 herbs have relatively sufficient modern pharmacological research and are associated with gut microbiota regulation.These herbs can regulate the abundance ratio of beneficial to harmful bacteria,promote the production of metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids,and enhance the protection of the intestinal mucosal barrier.Therefore,traditional Chinese medicine herbs that"strengthen enterogastric fuction"may exert therapeutic effects in digestive system diseases and malignant tumors through the core mechanism of regulating gut microbiota.This provides new insights for interpreting the modern mechanisms and clinical application of the"strengthening enterogastric fuction"theory.

Abstract:Objective To explore the targets and mechanisms of Astragali Radix-Chuanxiong Rhizoma in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)based on network pharmacology and molecular docking technology.Methods The effective active ingredients and targets of Astragali Radix and Chuanxiong Rhizoma were screened by searching the TCMSP database.COPD related targets were obtained by searching the Genecards database,and intersecting targets were obtained using the WeChat platform;Construct a protein-protein interaction network(PPI)using the STRING database and screen for core targets;Using the bioinformatics platform for gene ontology(GO)functional analysis and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG)signaling pathway enrichment analysis;Preliminary validation of molecular docking using Auto Dock Vina.Result As a result,20 active ingredients of Astragali Radix and 7 active ingredients of Chuanxiong Rhizoma were obtained.There were 259 potential targets of Astragali Radix-Chuanxiong Rhizoma,5053 COPD related targets,and 209 intersecting targets;GO enrichment analysis showed 5620 biological processes(BP),535 molecular functions(MF),and 1054 cellular components(CC);KEGG enrichment analysis screened 273 signaling pathways,involving mitogen activated protein kinase(MAPK),Janus kinase signal transducer and activator of transcription(JAK-STAT),and other pathways.The molecular docking results showed that the binding energies of quercetin and yangmei ketone with prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2(PTGS2),heat shock protein 90 α family class a member 1(HSP90AA1),and estrogen receptor 1(ESR1)were all≤-7.0 kcal/mol,indicating strong binding affinity.Conclusion Astragali Radix-Chuanxiong Rhizoma may regulate PTGS2,HSP90AA1,ESR1 and other targets through quercetin and yangmei ketone,inhibit inflammatory response and oxidative stress,and thus exert a therapeutic effect on COPD.

Abstract:Lumbar degenerative diseases are more common in middle-aged and elderly people,mainly manifested as lower back and lower limb pain,functional impairment,and decreased quality of life.With the increasing aging of the population,more and more degenerative diseases of the lumbar spine are troubling people,seriously affecting their quality of life.The types of degenerative diseases of the lumbar spine are complex and diverse,and the diagnosis and treatment are difficult.For a long time,accurate diagnosis and treatment have been the focus of scholars'research.In recent years,the concept of combining medicine and engineering has gradually gained attention in improving the diagnostic accuracy and surgical success rate of lumbar degenerative diseases.With the rapid development of artificial intelligence(AI),its efficient computing power can simulate the occurrence,development,and prognosis of diseases,which is of great significance for the diagnosis,treatment,and evaluation of diseases.At present,combining AI technology with the diagnosis and treatment of spinal surgery diseases has become a research hotspot in the field of spinal surgery.The introduction of AI can help reduce the difficulty of diagnosis and treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases.This article discusses the application of AI technology in the diagnosis and treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases in recent years,including the principles and clinical practices of medical image analysis,assisted diagnosis,intraoperative application,and postoperative complication prediction,in order to provide new ideas for promoting the efficient combination of AI and lumbar degenerative disease diagnosis and treatment.

Abstract:Parkinson's disease motor symptoms(PDMS),as the most characteristic clinical manifestation of Parkinson's disease,have always been a focal point in the research field of neurodegenerative diseases.Based on the theory of tremor syndrome in traditional Chinese medicine,this study innovatively combines traditional Chinese medicine wax therapy with eye acupuncture rehabilitation therapy,providing new ideas and methods for the treatment of PDMS.By constructing a"peripheral-central"coordinated intervention model,the combination of traditional Chinese medicine wax therapy and eye acupuncture rehabilitation therapy systematically improves PDMS symptoms in multiple dimensions.Traditional Chinese medicine wax therapy utilizes the three-in-one mechanism of"medication-heat-pressure",selects corresponding medications for dialectical treatment,and specifically improves various characteristic peripheral symptoms.Eye acupuncture rehabilitation therapy adjusts the function of the basal ganglia circuit by stimulating specific acupoint areas,and combines personalized rehabilitation training to significantly improve motor control ability.Compared with traditional treatments,this therapy avoids motor complications caused by dopaminergic drugs and circumvents surgical risks and high costs.For patients in the middle and late stages with decreased drug efficacy,this therapy particularly demonstrates unique advantages.Although further verification through large-sample long-term studies is still needed,this comprehensive intervention strategy provides a new direction for the treatment of PDMS,and its"local-global"coordinated concept has important implications for the treatment of neurological diseases.Future research will focus on optimizing the standardization of treatment protocols and exploring its potential application value in other movement disorders.

Abstract:Diabetes mellitus complicated with cerebral infarction is one of the common severe complications in clinical practice,with a complex pathogenesis involving multiple pathological processes such as insulin resistance,inflammatory response,vascular endothelial dysfunction,and oxidative stress.In recent years,traditional Chinese medicine has shown unique advantages in the prevention and treatment of such diseases.Through various effects such as regulating internal organs,nourishing qi and yin,promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis,and activating meridians and awakening the brain,traditional Chinese medicine can improve patients' metabolic disorders as a whole,promote brain tissue repair,and reduce neurological impairment.Among them,commonly used Chinese herbs such as Salvia miltiorrhiza,Astragalus membranaceus,Ligusticum chuanxiong,and Pueraria lobata,as well as their compounds,have demonstrated good therapeutic potential in regulating blood glucose,anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects,improving hemorheology,and protecting nerve cells.Modern pharmacological studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicine may exert a comprehensive regulatory effect on diabetes mellitus complicated with cerebral infarction through multiple targets and pathways by regulating signaling pathways such as PI3K/Akt,NF-κB,and Nrf2,thereby regulating glucose and lipid metabolism,alleviating inflammatory responses,and improving neurological function.This article reviews and summarizes relevant literature on the mechanism of action of traditional Chinese medicine monomers and compounds in the treatment of diabetes mellitus complicated with cerebral infarction in the past five years,aiming to provide a reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of diabetes mellitus complicated with cerebral infarction as well as new drug development.

Abstract:Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of different acupuncture therapies for chronic nonspecific low back pain using a network Meta-analysis.Methods Randomized controlled trials on acupuncture treatment for CNSLBP were retrieved from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure,WanFang Data,VIP Chinese Journal Service Platform,PubMed,Web of Science,and Cochrane Library,with the search period spanning from database inception to July 2024.Outcome measures included overall response rate and pain visual analogue scale(VAS).Two researchers independently performed literature screening,data extraction,and quality assessment using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool(version 5.1).Network Meta-analysis was conducted using Review Manager 5.4 and Stata 17.0 software:continuous variables were expressed as mean difference,and dichotomous variables as odds ratio.If node-splitting analysis indicated good consistency(P＞0.05),a consistency model was applied for data analysis,and probability ranking plots were generated for each acupuncture therapy;if inconsistency was detected(P＜0.05),an inconsistency model was used.Results A total of 19 studies involving 1728 patients were included,covering 11 acupuncture therapies(manual acupuncture,electroacupuncture,warm acupuncture,catgut embedding,floating acupuncture,bloodletting therapy,western medicine+electroacupuncture,western medicine+manual acupuncture,fire needling,bee venom acupuncture,and acupotomy).VAS score:Bloodletting therapy,fire needling,western medicine combined with manual acupuncture,western medicine combined with electroacupuncture,and manual acupuncture showed superior improvement in VAS scores compared to western medicine alone(P＜0.05).Overall response rate:Bee venom acupuncture,floating acupuncture,bloodletting therapy,western medicine combined with electroacupuncture,and western medicine combined with manual acupuncture had higher efficacy than western medicine alone(P＜0.05).Probability ranking:Bloodletting therapy had the highest probability of being the optimal treatment(P＜0.05).Conclusion Acupuncture therapies demonstrate superior overall efficacy compared to western medicine for CNSLBP,with bloodletting therapy showing the best therapeutic effect.

Abstract:Chronic heart failure(CHF)represents the end stage of cardiovascular diseases,posing a serious threat to both the physical and mental health of patients.Professor YANG Jiwu,a nationally renowned master of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),has developed a unique academic philosophy through decades of clinical practice.Based on clinical training under Professor Yang,this article elaborates on the characteristics of his clinical treatments and the application of his therapeutic principles,formulas,and medicinals,systematically summarizing his clinical experience in treating CHF.The aim is to provide a reference for enhancing clinical outcomes.Professor YANG identifies the fundamental pathogenesis of heart failure as heart-kidney yang deficiency with blood stasis and water retention.His treatment strategy focuses on supplementing qi and warming yang as the root approach,and activating blood circulation and promoting diuresis as the branch approach,thereby addressing both root and branch simultaneously.While warming and tonifying yang qi,he also emphasizes seeking yang within yin.In syndrome differentiation and treatment,he emphasizes the relationships among the five zang organs,considering the heart as the root,and pays particular attention to the interconnection between the heart,spleen,and kidneys.He stresses the integration of disease diagnosis and syndrome differentiation,stage-based treatment,and leveraging the advantages of Chinese medicinals,while adopting an integrated Chinese-Western medicine model to resolve clinical difficulties in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of heart failure.Two typical heart failure case studies are included,reflecting Professor Yang's academic insights and medication experience in treating CHF.This summary not only aids successors in inheriting and developing this knowledge but also holds significant guiding value for clinical practice.

Abstract:Vascular dementia(VaD)is widely regarded as the second most common type of dementia after Alzheimer's disease.The aging population and increasing life expectancy have significantly contributed to its rising incidence.Patients with VaD may exhibit behavioral changes,declines in attention and memory,and other cognitive deficits.Without timely and effective intervention,the progression of the disease can severely impair neurological functions,leading to motor,sensory,and perceptual disturbances,which significantly reduce the quality of life.Despite its high incidence and substantial social impact,current treatment options for VaD remain rather limited,primarily focusing on symptom control and management.Conventional Western medical treatments for VaD mainly include cholinesterase inhibitors,anticoagulants,lipid-lowering agents,and vasodilators.However,these drugs often fail to achieve satisfactory long-term outcomes and may even cause significant adverse effects such as dizziness,vomiting,and agitation with prolonged use.Based on its clinical manifestations,VaD can be categorized under the concept of"dementia"in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Both classical TCM theories and previous studies have shown that TCM interventions based on the"soothing the liver and regulating the spleen"theory demonstrate favorable clinical efficacy in preventing and treating VaD.Modern clinical research has also confirmed that Yueju Pills can effectively treat mild to moderate VaD,significantly improving patients' cognitive function and daily living abilities.Thus,the clinical effectiveness of TCM in managing VaD has been fully validated through long-term practice,with additional advantages such as minimal side effects,good patient tolerance,and high acceptability.This review summarizes the efficacy of Yueju Pills in preventing and treating VaD based on the"soothing the liver and regulating the spleen"theory,aiming to provide new directions and insights for further research into TCM approaches for VaD,as well as to offer literature references and evidence for the clinical application of TCM in VaD management.

Abstract:In recent years,cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,primarily based on the pathology of atherosclerosis(AS),have become the leading cause of death worldwide.Their pathogenesis is closely related to inflammatory responses,disorders of lipid metabolism,and vascular endothelial dysfunction.Modern medicine mainly employs lipid-lowering,antihypertensive,and anti-inflammatory drugs for treatment,while traditional Chinese medicine often approaches treatment from the perspectives of phlegm-turbidity,blood stasis,and qi deficiency,having achieved certain therapeutic effects.By reviewing classical texts on the theory of"Yong"(abscess),similarities in etiology and pathogenesis between"Yong"and AS were identified.Consequently,the concept of"Maiyong"(Vessel Abscess)is introduced to promote the modernization and innovation of traditional Chinese medicine theory.Through searches in databases such as CNKI,Wanfang,and VIP,combined with the clinical experience of modern practitioners in"treating based on the abscess theory",it was found that the"dispelling,expelling,and tonifying"treatment principles from traditional Chinese medicine external medicine show good efficacy in the staged treatment of AS.This article summarizes the research on the correlation between"Maiyong"of abscess disease and AS in terms of disease occurrence,development,and staged treatment,aiming to provide new perspectives for the integrated traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine treatment of AS.

Abstract:Objective This study aimed to analyze physical examination data to reveal the characteristics of patients with gallbladder polyps and to explore the core medication rules of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)in treating this condition by utilizing the"Ancient and Modern Medical Case Cloud Platform"(V 2.3.9).Methods Data from 807 individuals examined at the Physical Examination Center of Xiyuan Hospital,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences were collected,including basic characteristics and metabolic indicators.Concurrently,a systematic search for TCM formulas treating gallbladder polyps was conducted across the CNKI,Wanfang,and VIP databases.The included formulas were statistically analyzed using the cloud platform for medication frequency,properties,flavors,meridian tropism,and efficacy classification.Association rules,cluster analysis,and complex network analysis were applied to explore core drug combinations.Results In the physical examination population,the detection rate of gallbladder polyps exceeded 70％in individuals aged 51 and above.Levels of Total Cholesterol(TC),Triglycerides(TG),and Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol(LDL-C)in gallbladder polyp patients were significantly higher than those in healthy examinees,while High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol(HDL-C)levels were significantly lower.Regarding medication patterns,a total of 44 TCM formulas were included,involving 126 distinct Chinese medicinals,with a total frequency of 553 uses.The top 10 medicinals by frequency were Curcumae Radix(Yujin),Bupleuri Radix(Chaihu),Lysimachiae Herba(Jinqiancao),Pinelliae Rhizoma(Banxia),Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma(Gancao),Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium(Chenpi),Scutellariae Radix(Huangqin),Galli Gigerii Endothelium Corneum(Jineijin),Poria(Fuling),and Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride(Qingpi).Medicinal properties were primarily warm,slightly cold,cold,and neutral;flavors were predominantly bitter,pungent,and sweet;meridian entry focused mainly on the liver meridian,followed by the spleen,stomach,lung,heart,and gallbladder meridians.Efficacy was primarily for promoting bile flow and relieving jaundice,soothing the liver and relieving depression,and clearing heat and detoxifying,followed by activating blood and relieving pain,drying dampness and resolving phlegm,and clearing the heart and cooling blood.Cluster analysis categorized the medicinals into three groups:Group 1:Curcumae Radix and Bupleuri Radix;Group 2:Galli Gigerii Endothelium Corneum,Paeoniae Radix Alba(Baishao),Lysimachiae Herba,and Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride;Group 3:Scutellariae Radix,Poria,Pinelliae Rhizoma,and Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium.Complex network analysis identified the core formula composition,including Curcumae Radix,Bupleuri Radix,Lysimachiae Herba,Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,Galli Gigerii Endothelium Corneum,Scutellariae Radix,Pinelliae Rhizoma,Paeoniae Radix Alba,Artemisiae Scopariae Herba(Yinchen),Poria,Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium,Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride,and Cyperi Rhizoma(Xiangfu).Conclusion Gallbladder polyps are closely associated with abnormal lipid metabolism.Data mining confirms that"regulating qi,resolving phlegm,activating blood,and dispersing nodules"is the core treatment principle,supported by solid theoretical and empirical evidence.Clinical practice should emphasize patient age factors,implementing individualized constitution identification and risk assessment.Treatment strategies should follow the principle of"supporting healthy qi and eliminating pathogenic factors".While methods to resolve phlegm and disperse nodules,activate blood,and remove stasis are used to eliminate pathogens,attention should also be paid to strengthening the spleen,soothing the liver,and tonifying the kidney to consolidate healthy qi,achieving treatment of both the root cause and symptoms.