Abstract:With the rapid development of technology,artificial intelligence(AI)technology has shown tremendous influence in multiple fields.In the field of agriculture,especially in the post harvest commercialization of fruits and vegetables,intelligent processing technology has gradually become a hot topic.The application of AI technology not only improves the efficiency of commercialization processing,but also significantly extends the shelf life of products and reduces losses.This article summarized the main application approaches of AI in the commercialization of post harvest fruits and vegetables in recent years,and explored the challenges and future development trends of artificial intelligence technology in the field of post harvest commercialization of fruits and vegetables.It provided reference for the intelligent development of post harvest commercialization of fruits and vegetables,as well as for the in-depth application of AI technology in the field of post harvest commercialization of fruits and vegetables in the future.

Abstract:In order to optimize the fermentation conditions of jaboticaba juice by lactic acid bacteria,and analyze the impact of fermentation on its flavor profile,Lactobacillus plantarum CICC20265 was used to ferment jaboticaba(Myrciaria cauliflora)juice.Single-factor experiments and orthogonal design were used to optimize the fermentation process.Key changes in physical and chemical properties,in vitro antioxidant activity,and volatile flavor compounds before and after fermentation were investigated.The results showed that the optimal fermentation process was that inoculation volume 6%,fermentation time 30 h,concentration of jaboticaba juice 70%,sugar addition 12%.Under the optimized conditions,the sensory score of jaboticaba juice reached 80.2,the total acidity was 8.40 g/L,total sugar content was 37.3 g/L,and the total phenolic content content was 1.34 g/L.The scavenging rate of DPPH and ABTS+were 95.66%and 92.86%,the scavenging rate of hydroxyl free radical and superoxide anion were 41.68%and 49.11%,respectively,and total antioxidant capacity reaching 170.53 U/mL.Volatile compound analysis successfully identified a total of 71 compounds in the fermented juice,predominantly consisting of aldehydes,esters,and acids.The results indicated that lactic acid fermentation not only improved the antioxidant capacity but also facilitated the generation of volatile flavor compounds,thereby enhancing the quality of jaboticaba juice.

Abstract:This study focused on the preparation,characterization of a pedicel-targeted preservation spray and its application in cucumber storage.The spray was formulated with chitosan and tea polyphenols as the main components,and characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),contact angle measurement,differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)and thermogravimetric analysis(TGA).Results showed that the spray with 1%chitosan formed a dense and smooth film,with a contact angle of 20° and excellent spreadability.Application tests on cucumber storage indicated that the pedicel-targeted spray effectively delayed the decrease in weight loss rate,firmness and soluble solids content of cucumbers,improved DPPH free radical scavenging rate,inhibited malondialdehyde(MDA)accumulation,and retarded vitamin C loss.Compared with whole-fruit spraying,this pedicel-targeted fresh-keeping technology reduced the preservative dosage by 30%.Both chitosan and tea polyphenols wrer approved food additives,and the spray residue was＜0.1 mg/kg,complying with safety standards.This study provides a new and effective approach for fruit and vegetable preservation.

Abstract:Facility agriculture in Shandong province has entered a rapid development stage since the late 1980s.After years of exploration,it has embarked on a replicable and referable development path with Shandong characteristics,becoming an important force in the province's agricultural and rural economic development.This article introduced the current situation and main practices of facility agriculture development in Shandong province,and analyzed prominent problems.On this basis,it proposed countermeasures and suggestions to expand development space,scientifically layout production capacity,promote the renovation of old facilities,in order to promote the sustainable development of facility agriculture in Shandong province.

Abstract:To enrich the germplasm resources of Solanaceae in Baoshan area,excellent rootstocks with high yield,high grafting affinity and strong disease resistance,this study used 12 tomato grafting combinations to analyze the difference,grey correlation degree and comprehensive evaluation of seedling traits,fruit traits,disease resistance and yield.The results showed that there were abundant differences among the main characters,and the difference coefficient of vitamin C content was the largest.There were varying degrees of correlation between each trait and yield per plant.The top three traits in terms of correlation degree were the number of fruits per plant,seedling stem diameter,and seedling dry weight.The comprehensive evaluation concluded that'2022-5'+'Haomai 520','2022-2'+'Haomai 520','2022-5'+'Fenbeili 9'performed better,'2022-5'and'2022-2'were selected as rootstocks,which could achieve high yield,high grafting affinity and high disease resistance of grafted tomatoes,and were suitable for planting and promotion in Baoshan area.

Abstract:Seedlessness and muscat flavor are pivotal breeding objectives in grapes.However,naturally occurring cultivars possessing both traits are exceptionally rare,and traditional crossbreeding methods exhibit limited efficiency.This review focused on the genetic mechanisms and molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying seedlessness and muscat flavor traits in grapes.It elaborated on the application progress of embryo rescue technology in overcoming embryo abortion of seedless grapes and molecular markers in assisting early screening of the two traits,and conducted a review integrating the application of embryo rescue technology and molecular markers.The primary objective was to provide a reference basis for the efficient breeding of new seedless muscat grape cultivars.

Abstract:Figs are rich in various bioactive components,among which polysaccharides,as one of the primary functional constituents,have attracted widespread attention due to their remarkable blood glucose regulation capacity.However,the extraction techniques,structural characteristics,and mechanisms underlying the hypoglycemic effects of fig polysaccharides require further in depth investigation.This paper systematically summarized the current research status and extraction methods of fig polysaccharides,and analyzed their blood glucose regulatory mechanisms in terms of inhibiting key digestive enzymes,improving pancreatic islet function,and alleviating oxidative stress in the organism.Future research directions were also prospected,providing a theoretical basis for the functional development and application of fig polysaccharides.

Abstract:To improve the quality of tomatoes in Miyun,three fertilizers including medium-trace element water-soluble fertilizer,steviol glycoside biostimulant fertilizer and macroelement water-soluble fertilizer were topdressed at the fruiting stage,with clear water as the blank control(CK).The yield and quality indices(soluble sugar,titratable acid,sugar-acid ratio,vitamin C,etc.)were determined to compare the improving effects of different treatments on tomato yield and fruit quality.The results showed that compared with CK,macroelement water-soluble fertilizer application increased the contents of soluble sugar,soluble solids,lycopene and soluble protein in tomato fruits by 0.14％,0.24％,5.93％and 1.8％,respectively.Topdressing with steviol glycoside biostimulant fertilizer increased the contents of soluble sugar,soluble solids and lycopene by 0.45％,0.64％and 4.46％,respectively.Topdressing with medium-trace element water-soluble fertilizer increased the contents of soluble sugar,soluble solids,lycopene and VC by 0.37％,0.34％,6.37％and 9.67％,respectively.In conclusion,medium-trace element water-soluble fertilizer treatment had a significant promoting effect on all the four core quality indices of tomato fruits.It is suggested that the magnesium-cobalt medium-trace element water-soluble fertilizer formula be prioritized in production practice,and subsequent large-scale field experiments will be conducted to further verify its application effect.

Abstract:To investigate the effects of microbial agents on the appearance and quality of cherry fruits in facilities,'Meizao'was used as the research subject.Five treatments were set up,using four types of microbial agents:Trichoderma harzianum microbial agent(T1),Paenibacillus polymyxa microbial agent(T2),Beneficial Bacteria Carbon microbial agent(T3),and Bacillus subtilis microbial agent(T4),with root irrigation using water as the control(CK).Various physical and quality indicators of cherry fruits were measured,and a PCA analysis was applied to systematically evaluate the effects of different microbial agents on cherry fruit characteristics and quality.The results showed that root irrigation with microbial agents can increase the SPAD value of cherry leaves,enhanced fruit sugar content,increased soluble solids,solid to acid ratio,soluble protein,and calcium content,while reducing fruit longitudinal diameter,fruit shape index,pedicel length,and fruit organic acid content.Compared with CK,treatment T3 significantly increased SPAD value of cherry leaves(13.75％),fruit hardness(29.70％),sugar content(47.21％),soluble solids(21.76％),soluble protein(41.73％),and calcium content(64.22％),while significantly reducing fruit longitudinal diameter(18.95％),fruit shape index(20.46％),pedicel length(14.49％),and fruit organic acid content(9.07％).PCA analysis showed that treatment T3 was performing the best overall among all treatments,making it suitable for promotion and use in cherry production in the Yinchuan region.

Abstract:To solve the problems such as single main cultivar,seed degeneration,quality decline,yield reduction and increasingly severe disease occurrence in the main garlic producing areas of southern Hebei,15 excellent garlic varieties were introduced,with'Daming Daqingke'(CK)as the control.Significance analysis,correlation analysis and principal component analysis were carried out on the agronomic traits and photosynthetic parameters of garlic.The results of trait correlation analysis showed that pseudostem diameter was significantly positively correlated with leaf width,bulb transverse diameter was significantly positively correlated with clove number,plant height was significantly negatively correlated with scape diameter,and bulb weight was significantly negatively correlated with scape diameter.Principal component analysis reduced 16 indicators to 5 principal components,with a cumulative contribution rate of 81.70%.Seven varieties including'Jinxiang Mamiao White Garlic'and'Jinxiang Hybrid Garlic'had a close genetic relationship with'Daming Daqingke'.Through comprehensive evaluation,'Anqiu White Garlic'and'Jinxiang Mamiao White Garlic'could be used as green garlic varieties,'Cangshan multi-clove Red Garlic''Anqiu White Garlic'and'Caijiapo Purple Garlic'could be used as garlic scape varieties,'Jinxiang Mamiao White Garlic''Jinxiang Hybrid Garlic'and'Taikong No.2'could be used as garlic bulb varieties.This study could provide a reference for the introduction of new garlic varieties in southern Hebei.

Abstract:Weihai is designated as a national advantageous apple production area.Its unique geographical location and favorable environmental conditions have fostered the distinctive qualities of Weihai apples,such as large size,vibrant color,thin skin,abundant juice,and a crisp,refreshing taste.The apple industry serves as a traditional strength and pillar for agricultural development and income growth in Weihai,accounting for over half of the total planting industry output value.In recent years,Weihai city has achieved remarkable results by advancing modern apple cultivation system reforms,strengthening technological support,extending the industrial chain,and emphasizing premium quality for premium prices.This article analyzed the key approaches and challenges in the development of Weihai's modern apple industry and proposed development strategies,aiming to provide references for the high-quality development of the apple industry.

Abstract:Quercetin is a natural flavonoid with good antioxidant,antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities,showing significant application potential in the field of fruit and vegetable preservation.Its preservation can reduce the residue of chemical preservatives,avoid the problems of high cost and complex process of physical preservation methods,and make up for the shortcomings of biological preservation methods such as insufficient stability of active ingredients and limited preservation time.This paper reviewed the chemical structure,physicochemical properties and natural sources of quercetin,systematically summarized analyzed its antioxidant and antibacterial mechanisms,its application progress in fruit and vegetable preservation,analyzed the key problems existing in current research and application,and discusses its future development trend.

Abstract:To investigate the appropriate application rate of organic fertilizer for specialty small watermelons,this experiment used the specialty small orange-fleshed watermelon variety'Jingcai No.3'as the material.Four treatments were set up:three concentrations of vermicompost—T1(2 t/667 m2),T2(4 t/667 m2),T3(6 t/667 m2)—and the conventional farmer practice of vermicompost application T4(8 t/667 m2).Plant height,stem diameter,yield,and fruit quality were measured.The results showed that the T2 and T3 treatments performed relatively well in terms of plant growth and fruit quality indicators.Based on a comprehensive evaluation of all experimental data and field performance,it was recommended that after reducing the basal fertilizer rate in high-fertility soils,if the goal was to maximize yield,the optimal organic fertilizer application rate was 4 t/667 m2,reaching the greatest height(2.08%higher than the control)and achieving a relatively high yield(5.49%higher than the control).If the goalwas to optimize fruit quality,an application rate of 6 t/667 m2 was recommended,with better fruit quality,and central sugar content increased by 3.22%compared to the control.Further field trials and demonstrations should be conducted to facilitate the application and promotion of these findings based on market demand and the needs of growers.

Abstract:In order to investigate the effects of low-temperature superfine grinding technology on Paeonia lactiflorapetal,superfine grinding technology was used to prepare P.lactiflorapetal superfine powder.With the median diameter as the assessment standard,the best preparation technology was determined through single-factor and orthogonal tests,and its physicochemical properties,microstructure,and antioxidant properties of P.lactiflora powder were investigated.The results revealed that the initial crushing time was 20 s,the superfine grinding time was 14 min,and the loading quantity was 65%.Under this process condition,the median diameter of powder was 8.85 μm,the repose angle of powder increased,the tap density decreasesed,and the flowability of the powder was better.In comparison with the conventionally produced powder,the hydration characteristics of superfine powder was obviously enhanced.The antioxidant experiments indicated that the scavenging ability of superfine powder extract was better than that of ordinary powder extract.At 5 mg/mL,the scavenging rates of superfine powder alcohol extract on DPPH free radicals and hydroxyl free radicals were 98.91%and 43.42%,respectively.Overall,low-temperature superfine grinding technology can improve the hydration property and water swelling of P.lactiflorapowder,and to some extent,it can improve the dissolution and antioxidant activity of active ingredients in P.lactiflora powder.This study provides a theoretical perspective for the development and processing of superfine P.lactiflora ingredient to obtain high-value functional products.

Abstract:To select the varieties of red-skinned and white-fleshy root radishes suitable for autumn cultivation in the Ningbo area,17 new varieties of red-skinned and white-fleshy root radishes were brought in and field variety comparison experiments were conducted.Fleshy root characteristics,maximum leaf trait,yield,and commercial quality were used as selected indicators.Finally,one early-maturing red-skinned and white-fleshed root radish suitable for autumn cultivation in the Ningbo area was selected,namely'Jinghong',which featured high yield,large root size,and excellent commercial quality.Two mid-maturing root radishes were selected,namely'Mutian Hongfu'and'Degao Hong',with high soluble solids content,sweet,a lot of water content,and no pithiness or hollow heart.One round red-skinned and white-fleshy root radish was selected,namely'Jinghong No.4 F1',with high soluble solids content,large root shape,high yield,and no pithiness or hollow heart.They could be widely promoted as a variety of red-skinned and white-fleshy root radish for autumn cultivation in Ningbo area according to local needs.

Abstract:The'Qiuyue'pear is an excellent-quality sand pear variety.It is a medium-to-late-maturing pear with a brown rind,which makes up for the shortage of high-quality main cultivated sand pear varieties in Henan province.This paper summarized the introduction performance and quality improvement techniques for'Qiuyue'pear in Henan province.In 2019,a demonstration cultivation experiment of'Qiuyue'pear was carried out in Qiuqu township,Dancheng county,Henan province.Through years of cultivation observation,this variety had strong adaptability.In the Zhoukou area,it showed the advantages of high quality and high yield,as well as excellent internal and external fruit quality,making it suitable for cultivation in this area.The fruit was oblate,golden yellow in color,with milky white flesh.When ripe,the flesh was fine and crisp,juicy and sweet,with few stone cells and a unique delicate fragrance.It matures in early to mid-September.This article introduced the high-quality,high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation techniques of'Qiuyue'pear from the aspects of high-quality orchard establishment,soil improvement,strengthened fertilizer and water management,fine flower and fruit management,and so on,in order to promote the standardized and labor-saving cultivation of'Qiuyue'pears.

Abstract:In order to explore the effects of different types of functional fertilizers that promote root growth,mineral fulvic acid potassium,microbial fertilizer,and inositol on the growth,quality,and yield of taste-type tomatoes,after the fruit setting of each cluster,the mineral fulvic acid potassium,microbial fertilizer,and inositol were applied on the basis of conventional topdressing of a large amount of elemental water-soluble fertilizer(T1).The quality indicators such as tomato plant and root growth,soluble solids,soluble sugar,and vitamin C content were measured.The results showed that inositol had the most obvious promoting effect on the growth of tomato plants among the three fertilizers.The plant height and stem diameter increased by 15.05%and 7.00%respectively compared with T1,and the yield was 6 935.04 kg/667 m2,which was the best in each treatment and increased by 14.22%compared with T1.Soluble sugar content,vitamin C content were also higher than other treatments.Considering the growth,quality and yield of tomatos in the field,the application of inositol in the three fertilizers had the best effect on the growth,quality and yield of tomato,which could be used as a functional fertilizer to promote the root growth of tomato in the winter crop.

Abstract:The population density of Citrus psyllids exhibits a significant positive correlation with the epidemic intensity of Huanglongbing(Huanglongbing disease).As a destructive pest,Huanglongbing can cause yellowing of citrus leaves,fruit malformation and shrinkage,quality deterioration,and in severe cases,tree decline or even complete plant death,posing a serious threat to the citrus industry.Precise monitoring of psyllid population dynamics and implementation of scientific control measures are crucial for interrupting the spread of Huanglongbing.Based on this,this study conducted systematic monitoring of C.psyllid population dynamics from 2024 to 2025 in the main citrus production areas of Chenzhou city,Hunan province(covering Yongxing county,Yizhang county,Guiyang county,and Beihu district),through fixed-point surveys,yellow trap collection,and meteorological data collection.The study analyzed the spatiotemporal distribution patterns and meteorological influencing factors of C.psyllid,and proposed comprehensive control technologies tailored to local conditions.This paper provided practical evidence for scientific monitoring and efficient management of C.psyllid,which holded positive significance for enhancing the comprehensive control level of Huanglongbing,reducing chemical pesticide usage,and promoting the green and sustainable development of the citrus industry.

Abstract:To investigate the quality characteristics of different melon varieties,seven melon cultivars('Jingtian No.5''Weilong No.7''Hami melon''Yuigu''Balixiang''Boyang',and'Lvbaoshi')were selected for comprehensive analysis.A comprehensive melon quality evaluation system was established by measuring their physicochemical indicators,nutritional components,color,and aroma characteristics.Results indicated that'Jingtian No.5'exhibited significantly higher levels of soluble solids(10.83％±0.06％),pectin(4.64±0.08 g/kg),sucrose(4.53±0.42 g/100 g),total phenols(224.62±7.57 mg/kg),and protein(2.46±0.11 g/100 g)compared to other varieties.'Hami melon'exhibited the highest fructose and glucose content.'Lvbaoshi'exhibited the highest total flavonoid content.A principal component analysis-based evaluation model ranked varieties by composite score as follows:'Jingtian No.5''Hami melon''Weilong No.7''Yugu''Lvbaoshi''Balixiang''Boyang'.Regarding aroma,esters dominated the fragrance profiles across varieties.'Jingtian No.5''Weilong No.7'and'Hami melon'exhibited richer aromatic compounds,with a total of 98 volatile compounds detected.This study clarified differences in physicochemical properties,nutritional indicators,and aroma compounds among melon varieties,providing data support and a theoretical basis for processing melon raw materials and by-products.

Abstract:To gain a clear understanding of the current situation of protected agricultural irrigation in Beijing,and provide data support for the construction of efficient water-saving projects and the improvement of irrigation water use efficiency,this study adopted the research model of"one village,one map,one table"to conduct an in-depth investigation into the current irrigation situation of protected vegetables in Beijing.The results showed that among all irrigation methods in the city,the proportion of pipe irrigation was the highest for both protected agriculture and open-field vegetables,accounting for 58.9％and 57.1％,respectively,and it was mainly distributed in Tongzhou,Daxing,Shunyi and other districts.The second most widely used method was micro-irrigation,with proportions of 22.6％(for protected agriculture)and 15.2％(for open-field vegetables)respectively,which was mainly distributed in Daxing,Shunyi and other districts.Canal irrigation accounts for the smallest proportions,at 8.4％and 12.7％respectively.Problems such as low application rate of efficient water-saving technologies and significant regional differences were identified.Corresponding measures were proposed,including vigorously promoting the construction of efficient water-saving projects,developing sprinkler irrigation and micro-irrigation in each district according to local production patterns,and carrying out the calculation of farmland irrigation water use coefficient.These measures were intended to improve the application of efficient water-saving technologies in the city,and promote the green and sustainable development of protected agriculture and open-field vegetables.