Abstract:Objective To analyze the patterns of karyotypic abnormality and polymorphism in peripheral blood lym-phocytes among Tibetan patients with infertility or adverse pregnancy and childbirth history in Xizang and to pro-vide referential data for clinical diagnosis.Methods A total of 3,078 Tibetan patients with infertility or adverse pregnancy and childbirth history who visited Fukang Hospital Affiliated to Xizang University between May,2017 and December,2023 were enrolled as study object.Peripheral blood chromosome karyotypes were prepared using G-banding.Results Among the 3,078 patients,karyotypic abnormality was detected in 50 cases(1.62%,50/3,078).Among the 1,563 male patients,34 cases(2.18%,34/1,563)showed abnormality,while among the 1,515 female pa-tients,16 cases(1.06%,16/1,515)showed abnormality.Major abnormality types included 47,XXY in 19 cases(38%,19/50),balanced translocation in 10 cases(20%,10/50),Robertsonian translocation in 5 cases(10%,5/50,),other abnormality such as deletion and inversion in 10 cases(20%,10/50),mosaicism of 47,XXX with normal karyotypes in 3 cases(6%,3/50),mosaicism of 47,XXY with normal karyotypes in 1 case(2%,1/50),mosaicism of 45,X with normal karyotypes in 1 case(2%,1/50),gender reversal in 1 case(2%,1/50)and chromosomal polymor-phism in 172 cases(5.59%,172/3,078).Conclusion The detection rate of chromosomal polymorphism observed in the infertile Tibetan population was higher than that reported in the general population.The potential association and underlying mechanisms deserve further investigation through larger sample scale and functional studies.

Abstract:The science and technology management system in Xizang Autonomous Region plays a crucial role in border security,ecological preservation and distinctive regional industries.By employing literature and empirical da-ta analysis,and innovative temporal prediction model(Res-LSTM),the reform achievements are evaluated,existing challenges are identified and future trends are forecasted.The results indicate that a science and technology evalua-tion mechanism and plateau-specific research system has been established in Xizang,contributing to its institutional reform,platform development and talent policy improvement.However,challenges still remain,including institu-tional and mechanic barriers imbalanced innovation ecosystem and weak technological service capabilities.Fore-casts suggest continued growth in R&D investment,but with imbalance in scale and intensity,increasing financial dependence,insufficient enterprise vitality,rising patent number with uneven quality and distribution,and low achievement transformation efficiency.Addressing the core needs of"stability,development,ecology and border consolidation"in Xizang,this paper proposes innovative reform approaches.The findings offer policy reference for advancing the science and technology reform in Xizang and strengthening its regional innovation capacity.

Abstract:Based on the observation data of precipitation and temperature obtained from Chamdo National Meteoro-logical Observatory,National Meteorological Observatory of Dingqing County,Chamdo and National Meteorologi-cal Observatory of Mangkang County,Chamdo between 1984 and 2023(approximately 4 decades),this study has analyzed the inter-annual,seasonal and monthly characteristics of temperature and precipitation variation in Cham-do using linear trend analysis,Mann-Kendall mutation test and Pearson correlation coefficient analysis.The results indicate that between 1984 and 2023,the three temperature indicators—average maximum temperature,average temperature and average minimum temperature in Chamdo all showed an increasing trend,with the warming rate at 0.3879℃/10a,0.4279℃/10a and 0.3797℃/10a respectively.The temperature variation exhibited distinct phasic characteristics:an early period(1984-2003)of cooling,a middle period of(1994-2003)of warming trend and a recent period(2004-2023)of accelerated warming.During the most recent decade(2014-2023),the warming was primarily driven by nighttime warming,with the minimum temperature rise reaching 0.545℃/10a.Regarding pre-cipitation,the average annual precipitation in Chamdo from 1984 to 2023 was 491.6 mm,with the highest value at 704.3 mm recorded in 1998 and the lowest value at 287.7 mm in 1994.The overall annual precipitation showed a weak decreasing trend,with a variation rate at-11.2 mm/10a.The seasonal precipitation distribution was highly un-even,being concentrated mainly in summer(June-August),while winter(November to March)experienced scarce precipitation.Comprehensive analysis reveals that Chamdo has undergone significant climate variation dominated by pronounced warming over the past four decades.Although the precipitation showed a non-significant decreasing trend,,considering the overall pattern of significant temperature rise coupled with decreasing precipitation,the re-gional climate essentially indicates a trend towards"warming and drying".

Abstract:Objective This study aimed to stratify the risk of patients with liver cirrhosis accompanied by esopha-geal and gastric variceal bleeding(EGVB)in highland regions using the Blatchford,AIMS65,Child-Pugh and MELD scoring systems in order to evaluate and compare the predictive value of each scoring system for different interventions(blood transfusion,endoscopic treatment,ICU admission)and prognosis(re-bleeding,mortality).Methods Clinical baseline data were collected from 139 patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis accompanied by EGVB admitted to the Department of Gastroenterology,Lhasa People's Hospital from September,2021 to De-cember,2023,who were scored using Blatchford,AIMS65,Child-Pugh and MELD scoring systems.Data on ICU admission,blood transfusion,endoscopic intervention,re-bleeding and mortality within three months after bleeding were recorded.Predictive value of the four scoring systems for the prognosis of patients with liver cirrhosis accom-panied by EGVB was analyzed using Receiver Operating Characteristic(ROC)curve.Results Among the 139pa-tients,19 were stratified into the low-risk group and 120 into the medium-to-high-risk group according to Blatch-ford.104 patients were stratified into the low-risk group and 35 into the high-risk group according to AIMS65.48 patients were stratified into the low-risk group,58 into the medium-risk group and 33 into the high-risk group ac-cording to Child-Pugh.123 patients were stratified into the low-risk group,6 into the medium-risk group and 10 into the high-risk group according to MELD.No statistically significant differences were observed between the survival and mortality groups in terms of gender,age,etiology,portal vein thrombosis,liver cancer,severity of anemia or Blatchford scores(P>0.05)while statistically significant differences were observed in terms of residential altitude,length of hospital stay,AIMS65,Child-Pugh and MELD scores(P<0.05).No statistically significant differences were observed in re-bleeding rate across risk stratification of the four scoring systems(P>0.05)while statistically significant differences were observed in mortality rate across risk stratification of AIMS65,Child-Pugh and MELD(P<0.05).ROC curve analysis showed that all of the four scoring systems had predictive value for patient mortali-ty,with AUC value at 0.536,0.678,0.794 and 0.680,respectively.Conclusion All of the four scoring systems dem-onstrated predictive value for mortality of patients with liver cirrhosis accompanied by EGVB,among which,Child-Pugh had the highest predictive value,followed by AIMS65 and MELD.The predictive efficacy of these four scor-ing systems for re-bleeding was poor.

Abstract:Objective To analyze the correlation between age and incidence of pressure injuries among patients with traumatic brain injuries(TBI),thus providing reference for reducing their pressure injuries.Methods Using conve-nience sampling method,561 TBI patients admitted to ICU of an AAA hospital in Lhasa from 2022 to 2024 were se-lected as the study object.The basic information and disease-related data of TBI patients were collected via the hos-pital information system.The collected data underwent Pearson correlation analysis,univariate analysis and bivari-ate linear regression analysis.Results A total of 561 TBI patients completed baseline and follow-up assessments.Bivariate linear regression analysis revealed that age and Braden score were independent influencing factors for the incidence of pressure injuries among TBI patients,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Pressure injury indicator showed a positive correlation with age(r=0.142,P<0.001).Conclusion There is a positive correlation be-tween age and incidence of pressure injuries.among TBI patients.

Abstract:Aiming at the problem of incomplete access control mechanisms in the secure sharing of digital educa-tional resources,a resource security sharing model based on blockchain technology is proposed.This model is built on the Hyperledger Fabric blockchain platform and combines attribute-based access control strategies to establish a trustworthy resource sharing environment.It has also realized dynamic and fine-grained access control management through smart blockchain contracts,automatically executing resource access and authorization operations,thereby ensuring the controllability and security of the user access process.Experimental results show that the constructed model can effectively improve the security and transparency of digital educational resource sharing,providing a new idea and solution for building a trustworthy digital educational ecosystem.

Abstract:Mountain glaciers in China account for 14.5%of the world and 47.6%of Asia respectively.It's challeng-ing to climb on them due to their steep slopes and icy surface.Therefore,a robotic climbing device with powerful grip is designed for mountain glaciers.Based on analysis on the working principles and working conditions of exist-ing climbing robots,the working principles and basic structure and of the robotic climbing device for mountain gla-ciers are determined.Two sets of climbing mechanisms are employed in this device to alternately drill into ice layers to achieve forward movement.Firstly,the drill rod of the first set of climbing mechanisms is used to drill into ice layers to provide grip,and then the device is rotated to the required point.Secondly,the drill rod of the second set is used to drill into ice layers,and then the device is rotated again to the required point.The calculating and experimen-tal results show that the principles of this robotic climbing device are feasible,and it possesses stable climbing capa-bility on mountain glaciers.

Abstract:Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of comprehensive pelvic floor rehabilitation techniques in treating postpartum women with pelvic floor dysfunction in high-altitude regions.Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted,enrolling 480 postpartum women in Lhasa People's Hospital from January,2022 to March,2025.Participants were randomly divided into a control group(n=240,receiving pelvic floor muscle training only)and an observation group(n=240,receiving comprehensive pelvic floor rehabilitation combining biofeedback,elec-trical stimulation and vaginal rehabilitation exercisers).Both groups underwent a 3-month intervention.Improve-ment in pelvic floor muscle strength,POP-Q graduation,urinary incontinence and vaginal laxity were compared be-tween the two groups.Results Pelvic floor muscle strength:The observation group showed significantly greater im-provement than the control group(P<0.05).Pelvic organ prolapse(POP-Q):Significant improvement was observed in the observation group(P<0.05),with no significant differences in the control group(P>0.05).Vaginal laxity:The observation group demonstrated superior improvement(P<0.05).Urinary incontinence:Significant symptom re-lief was achieved in the observation group(P<0.05),with no obvious improvement in the control group(P>0.05).Conclusion The comprehensive pelvic floor rehabilitation techniques demonstrate significant efficacy in improving pelvic floor function in postpartum women in high-altitude regions,outperforming isolated pelvic floor muscle train-ing,thus are worthy of clinical promotion.

Abstract:To address the issue that aircraft selection in plateau environment relies on traditional quantitative analy-sis and expert evaluation while lacking intelligent decision-making support,this paper proposes a question-answer-ing system based on knowledge graph for high-altitude aircraft selection by integrating large models and knowledge graph technologies.Firstly,multi-source heterogeneous data on high-altitude aircraft are collected and preprocessed,covering environmental parameters,aircraft performance,meteorological conditions and regulatory policies.Second-ly,through entity extraction,relationship extraction and knowledge fusion techniques,structured data are loaded in-to the Neo4j graph database to build a knowledge graph for high-altitude aircraft.Thirdly,based on the Django framework and Neo4j graph database,the system is developed with a user-friendly interface,realizing core func-tions such as knowledge querying,intelligent question-answering and graph display.Finally,the system perfor-mance is optimized through functional testing and user feedback.The innovation of this paper lies in proposing a du-al-drive architecture of"knowledge graph+lightweight large language model",which adopts the BERT-BiLSTM-CRF model for entity extraction(`F1-score of 91.2%),the ERNIE 3.0 Tiny model for intelligent question-answering generation,and combines the TransE model for knowledge completion,ultimately constructing a structured knowl-edge graph containing 897 entities and 12,000 relationships.Verified by 500 test cases,the system has achieved a question-answering accuracy of 88.6%and an F1-score of 86.3%,providing an intelligent tool for the decision-mak-ing and operational scheduling for high-altitude aircraft selection,filling the research gap in intelligent aircraft selec-tion in plateau environment.

Abstract:Expenditure on R&D(Research and experimenal development)and its proportion in GDP(Gross domes-tic product)serve as internationally utilized indicators to measure the scale of scientific and technological activities and the intensity of investment in a country or region.They are also important base for evaluating scientific and tech-nological competitiveness and formulating scientific and technological policies and development strategies.Based on the statistical data of science and technology in Xizang Autonomous Region since the"12th Five-Year Plan",this paper has systematically analyzed the basic situation and changing trends of R&D expenditure in scientific research institutes and industrial enterprises above designated size across the region through texts and charts,comprehensive-ly reflecting the development status of R&D activities in Xizang.The study finds that R&D expenditure in Xizang continued to grow during the"12th Five-Year Plan"period,and fluctuated significantly during the"13th Five-Year Plan"period,and has shown a rapid upward trend since the"14th Five-Year Plan",but the overall investment inten-sity still remains at a low level nationwide.Scientific research institutions and enterprises are the two main entities of R&D activities in Xizang,,with R&D expenditure in research institutes increasing steadily and R&D investment in enterprises growing particularly rapidly in the past two years.However,R&D expenditure in Xizang are still faced with challenges such as low investment intensity,limited R&D institutions and lack of high-caliber talents.To address these issues,this paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions such as guiding enterprises to in-crease R&D investment,increasing financial investment in science and technology,and strengthening talent cultiva-tion and introduction,in order to provide reference for improving the scientific and technological innovation capa-bilities in Xizang.

Abstract:Objective This study aims to reveal the release,diffusion and implementation of policies,reflect the de-velopmental stages of related technology application,and provide decision-making support for policy formulation and industrial development through analysis on hydrogen energy news texts.Methods Firstly,representative hydro-gen energy news texts from China Energy News were collected as the dataset,and an LDA model was employed to identify core topics.Secondly,an indicator system comprising three dimensions-diffusion intensity,breadth and dis-tribution was introduced to study the news diffusion status in multiple dimensions.Finally,an in-depth analysis was conducted from aspects of data distribution,topic distribution,temporal evolution,spatial distribution similarity and spatial evolution.Results The regional development of hydrogen energy in our country is unbalanced,mainly influ-enced by factors such as central and local policies,research institutions,geographical location and resources.Chi-na's hydrogen energy industry has formed a development path of"policy guidance-technological breakthroughs-regional pilots",presenting a compound development pattern of"multi-dimensional gradient evolution+networked coordination".However,further breakthroughs are still needed in aspects such as cross-regional coordination,bal-anced development of technology chains and construction of market-oriented mechanisms to achieve the key leap from demonstration application to large-scale development.Approach In the future,semantic-related models will be utilized to conduct in-depth analysis on papers and patent data related to hydrogen energy,exploring its specific technological evolution characteristics and development trends.

Abstract:With the significant increase in traffic volume in Lhasa,the issue of traffic conflicts between pedestrians and non-motorized vehicles sharing slow-moving lanes has become increasingly prominent.Through field surveys of multiple pedestrian-non-motorized vehicle shared pathways in Lhasa,data on traffic volume,density,speed and proportion of jaywalking in the opposite direction,were collected to analyze their relationship with the number of traffic conflict incidents.Based on the principle of stepwise regression modeling,models for slow-moving traffic meeting conflicts(TCm),slow-moving traffic passing conflicts(TCp)and a slow-moving traffic conflict(TC)were constructed to study the pedestrian-non-motorized vehicle slow-moving traffic conflicts in Lhasa.The research re-sults indicate that factors such as traffic volume,proportion of jaywalking in the opposite direction,and road width have a significant impact on the number of traffic conflict incidents.This model can provide a theoretical basis for the optimization of slow-moving traffic system in Lhasa,helping to improve the service level and safety of slow-moving traffic.

Abstract:In order to investigate the effect of different feeding patterns on the laying performance of Tibetan chick-ens in Lhasa region,the present study took 55-week-old laying Tibetan chickens as the research object and randomly divided them into three groups:cage rearing,free range rearing and pen rearing,and measured the laying perfor-mance,egg quality,egg components,yolk color and blood antioxidant indexes.The results showed that the laying rate in the cage rearing group was significantly higher than that in the pen rearing and free range groups(P<0.05).The egg weight in the cage and pen rearing groups was significantly greater than that in the free range and pen rear-ing groups(P<0.05).The egg breakage rate in the free range group was the highest.The shell strength and thickness in the free range group were significantly higher than those in the cage and pen rearing groups(P<0.05).The Haugh unit value in the cage rearing group was significantly higher than that in the free range group(P<0.05).The egg white proportion and the crude fat content in the cage rearing group were the highest.The egg yolk proportion in the free range and pen rearing groups was higher.The yolk yellowness in the free range group was significantly higher than that in the cage rearing group(P<0.05).The serum antioxidant performance was the highest in the free range group and the lowest in cage rearing group.In conclusion,the cage rearing pattern had the highest laying effi-ciency,while the free range pattern had the best eggshell quality,yolk nutrition and antioxidant performance,and the pen rearing pattern had balanced overall benefits.

Abstract:Freeze-thaw weathering can cause sandstone fragmentation,alter its mechanical properties,and serve as the provenance supply for debris flows.This study aims to simulate the effects of freeze-thaw weathering on sand-stone fragmentation and provenance accumulation in debris flows in Motuo through the freeze-thaw cycle test on re-molded sandstone samples.The test was conducted in a subtropical humid weathering zone.After 0、10、50 and 100 freeze-thaw cycles(FTU),the long-term strength and morphological indicators of the samples were measured using a spherical template indenter and a particle image analyzer.The selected morphological indicators-equivalent diam-eter and fractal dimension-showed a strong correlation with long-term strength.The freeze-thaw cycling process al-tered the fragmentation degree of the remolded sandstone samples,resulting in distinctive particle shape characteris-tics.By analyzing the factors influencing the provenance accumulation of remolded sandstone samples under freeze-thaw conditions,it is concluded that the provenance accumulation process of sandstone-supplying debris flows un-der freeze-thaw conditions follows a cyclic freeze-thaw accumulation pattern.Based on this,corresponding disaster prevention and mitigation countermeasures are proposed.

Abstract:Through the generalization and summary of the geotechnical engineering survey reports of 12 townships in five counties and districts,including Chengguan District,Dazi District,Liuwu New District,Duilong Deqing Dis-trict and Qushui County in Lhasa,this paper sorts out the engineering geological characteristics and distribution of rock and soil masses in the study area,and elaborates on their types,characteristics,physical and mechanical properties and distribution patterns in detail,providing fundamental data support for subsequent engineering con-struction.Meanwhile,through multi-dimensional integrated analysis,key influencing factors such as landform development characteristics,stratum lithology properties,geological structure patterns,surface water system distri-bution,dynamic groundwater conditions and adverse geological effects in the study area are comprehensively dis-cussed.Based on the above research,this paper further systematically expounds on the engineering geological char-acteristics and suitability for engineering construction in Chengguan District of Lhasa and its surrounding areas,of-fering scientific reference for urban planning,infrastructure construction,and the site selection of major projects,thereby facilitating the safe and efficient advancement of regional engineering construction.

Abstract:In order to understand the current state of Ilex hookeri population and predict its development trend,the population distributed in Xizang was investigated by actual measurement and transect methods.Based on the age-class structure,a static life table of population was compiled,the population structure was analyzed,population sur-vival curves were plotted and analysis on the population time series was performed.The results showed that:(1)The static life table showed that the I-age and II-age classes of Ilex hookeri population were in a vigorous period of physiological activities,but the number gradually decreased and the mortality rate increased afterwards;(2)The Ilex hookeri population was in an increasing age structure,with the largest number of individuals in I-age and II-age classes;(3)The survival curves of Ilex hookeri population tended to be Deevey-II type,and the survival rate of I-age class was the highest;(4)The time series prediction showed that the II-age class was a turning point in the population development,and the population size would maintain an growing trend in theⅢ-Ⅳ-age class cycle.The Ilex hook-eri population is scarce and in a fragmented manner.It is suggested to improve the resilience of Ilex hookeri popula-tion by establishing enclosed afforested areas,habitat restoration and artificial breeding control.

Abstract:To analyze the vibration characteristics of external aero-engine pipelines in a fluid-structure coupling scenario,a solid pipeline model was established with UG modeling software,which was imported into ANSYS for finite element analysis.The vibration characteristics of the pipelines under varying fluid conditions are investigated by integrating the practical stress state of the pipelines during operation and flow dynamics of the fluid within it.This analysis employs four distinct modules within ANSYS:mechanical module,fluid module,state module and harmonious response module to calculate the pipelines'natural frequency.The results show that fluid parameters produce little effect on pipeline vibration,while pipeline structure parameters exert obvious effect on pipeline struc-ture.The conclusion of this research provides reference for the design and vibration protection of external aero-en-gine pipelines.

Abstract:This paper conducts a comprehensive and in-depth study on the carbon emission and environmental im-pacts of civil aviation aircrafts.Based on the analysis of the composition and distribution of carbon emission,it fo-cuses on discussing multi-dimensional impacts such as atmospheric environment,climate change and noise pollu-tion.Aiming at the current development status of civil aviation industry,the characteristics of civil aviation opera-tion in ultra high-altitude regions are innovatively introduced.Coping strategies are proposed from multiple dimen-sions including technological innovation,operational optimization,policy regulation and application of sustainable fuel,with differentiated solutions tailored to the unique environment of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,providing more comprehensive theoretical support and practical guidance for promoting the green and sustainable development of civil aviation industry.

Abstract:Parasitic plants are a unique group of plants that obtain nutrients from host plants through haustoria structure.Within the group,some are renowned medicinal herbs,while others are notorious agricultural weeds.Xizang,with its distinctive ecological environment,nurtures an exceptionally rich diversity of plant resources.How-ever,research on parasitic plant resources in Xizang has not yet been systematically conducted,Systematic compila-tion of existing literature data can provide a critical reference for comprehensively assessing parasitic plant resourc-es.In this study,a comprehensive catalog of parasitic plants in Xizang is established by integrating regional species diversity data and field investigations,documenting317species across38genera from7families.The analysis reveals that:(1)Orobanchaceae is the dominant family,accounting for 74.8%of the recorded species,with Pedicularis being the most prevalent genus(65.3%).(2)Ecological trait analysis demonstrates a predominance of hemiparasitism(90.2%)and root parasitism(83%),reflecting their adaptation to harsh alpine-arid conditions.(3)According to China Biodiversity Red List,10 species are classified as Vulnerable(VU),18 as Near Threatened(NT),and 53 as Data Deficient(DD).(4)Altitudinal distribution shows that hemiparasitic species in Xizang exhibit dense distribution at high altitudes(>4000 m)and a significantly broader altitudinal adaptation range compared to holoparasitic species,with only a holoparasitic species,Mannagettaea hummelii occurring above 4400 m.This study presents the first systematic analysis on the diversity patterns of parasitic plants in Xizang,providing critical baseline data for their conservation,sustainable utilization,and research into their evolutionary adaptation to extreme environment.

Abstract:To address the constraints on pepper production in Shigatse,Xizang,such as poor soil structure,shallow soil layers,weak biological and chemical activities,low humus content and continuous cropping obstacles,this study explored a low-cost soilless cultivation mode suitable for localized production.Using"Gaoyuan Zhixing"pep-pers as the experimental material and field soil as the basic substrate,four materials—vermiculite,fermented saw-dust,fermented sheep manure and yellow sand were selected as substrate components.An L16(45)orthogonal test de-sign was adopted to systematically investigate the effects of different ratio on pepper growth indicators(plant height,stem diameter and yield).The results showed that the optimal substrate ratio was Treatment 12(30％field soil+30％vermiculite+20％fermented sheep manure+10％fermented sawdust+0％yellow sand).Under this ratio,the substrate reached a bulk density of 0.28 g/cm³,total porosity of 85％,EC value of 1.6 mS/cm and pH value of 7.66,with all physico-chemical properties meeting the substrate requirements for pepper growth.Compared to Treatment 1,the pepper plant height increased by 38.2％,the stem diameter increased by 88.9％,and the yield-per-plant signif-icantly increased by 45.0％under Treatment 12 ratio,showing prominent comprehensive benefits.This formula,with local field soil as the main component,has effectively reduced cost.Moreover,with its excellent physico-chem-ical properties,it has created an ideal growth environment for pepper roots,comprehensively improving its biologi-cal yield.The research results provide a direct and feasible substrate optimization configuration scheme for the pro-motion and application of low-cost and high-efficiency soilless pepper cultivation mode in Shigatse region.