Abstract:Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS)are a"permanent chemical"that has attracted global atten-tion due to their chemical stability to humans and water resources.The separation of PFAS from water resources using membrane technology faces significant challenges.In this paper,β-cyclodextrin(β-CD)was used as an additive for blending modification,and a β-CD blend modified polyether sulfone ultrafiltration base membrane was prepared by phase transition method.Then,a β-CD modified nanofiltration membrane was prepared by interfacial polymerization method The effects of adding β-CD on the microstructure,permeability,filtration performance,hydrophilicity,surface Zeta potential,and retention performance of modified membranes for PFOS were investigated.The results showed that the addition of β-CD significantly improved the hydrophilicity,water flux,and PFOS retention rate of the modified membrane.Among them,the comprehensive performance of the modified membrane was the best when the amount of β-CD added was 3％,with a 22.8％increase in pure water flux and a high PFOS retention rate of 97.63％.This provides a new strategy for the preparation of high permeability and selective removal of PFOS nanofiltration membranes.

Abstract:We aimed to analyze the complementary effect of the bait-trap method to the line transect method in butterfly mon-itoring application in China,compare the differences between the two methods,and contribute to monitoring and protection of agricultural biodiversity.The line transect method and bait-trap method were used to investigate the butterfly diversity in Chen-zhuang,Jurong,Jiangsu Province.The results of the investigation were analyzed and compared in terms of the number of spe-cies,individuals,dominant species and individuals of Polygonia c-aureum.The number of species and individuals recorded by line transect method was higher than that by bait-trap method.All families of butterflies were recorded by line transect method while Pieridae count most.98.4％of the individuals caught by the bait-trap method were Nymphalidae,meanwhile other fami-lies are seldom caught,especially no record with Papilionidae.The monthly dynamics of P.c-aureum reflected by the two methods were almost same.The individuals of P.c-aureum recorded maintained low level from May to July,and reached peak in the second half of August,while decreasing in September.The bait-trap method has its unique application advantages and plays a complementary role to the line transect method.However,the bait-trap method showed limitation when used in the mid-dle latitudes of China.The line transect method should be preferred and the bait-trap method could be used as a supplement in butterfly monitoring.Furthermore,the bait-trap method is more effective when conducting Nymphalidae monitoring.

Abstract:In order to investigate the mechanisms to stabilise the carbon pools in mine reclamation soils in semi-arid areas,this paper quantitatively analysed the microbial community structure and organic carbon chemical composition in mine recla-mation soils under biochar and montmorillonite additions by 16S high-throughput sequencing and Fourier infrared techniques.The results showed that there was an interaction between the addition of biochar and montmorillonite,and the relative abun-dance of Actinobacteria,Mycobacterium anisopliae,Green Benders,γ-Amorphobacteria,Faecal Crustaceans,and Tephrito-bacteria increased after short-term incubation,and positively correlated with the recalcitrant carbon fractions of soil carbon pools,aromatic-C and aliphatic-C,which were key microbial communities to improve the stability of soil carbon pools.Among them,Actinobacteria,Mycobacteria,Green Benders,and γ-Ascomycetes promoted the conversion of soil-unstable polysaccharide-C to aromatic-C,reducing the microbial availability of soil organic carbon,and montmorillonite promoted the accumulation of aromatic-C on its surface through adsorption to enhance the stability of the soil carbon pool.The synergistic effect of biochar and montmorillonite accelerated the remediation process of the soil in the mining area and contributed to the carbon sequestration in the soil,which can provide a model for the goal of'carbon sequestration and sink enhancement'in the Yellow River Basin.

Abstract:With the increasing severity of global plastic pollution,microplastics,as an emerging environmental contaminant,have become a key focus of global environmental governance.The widespread presence of microplastics in freshwater sys-tems poses significant threats to aquatic organisms and ecosystem health.This paper systematically reviews the research prog-ress on microplastic pollution in freshwater systems,with an emphasis on their sources and distribution characteristics.Further-more,the ecological toxicity of microplastics in freshwater ecosystems and their interactions with coexisting pollutants such as heavy metals and organic contaminants are comprehensively analyzed,revealing the potential environmental risks of micro-plastics as pollutant carriers.Although significant advancements have been made in microplastic detection techniques in recent years,challenges remain in the standardization of detection methods,long-term ecological impact assessments,and pollution control strategies.Based on this,future research directions are proposed,highlighting the critical role of technological innova-tion,policy development,and public participation in microplastic pollution prevention and control,aiming to provide scientific support and practical guidance for the management of microplastic pollution and the sustainable protection of freshwater envi-ronments.

Abstract:It is of great significance to explore the characteristics of spatial dynamics of carbon balance at the scale of urban agglomeration and to determine the carbon balance zoning for realizing the regional low-carbon coordinated development.Based on the land use and energy consumption data of 41 cities in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD)region,the spatial and tem-poral patterns of carbon balance in the YRD region from 2005 to 2020 are investigated,and the spatial carbon balance of each city in the YRD region is analyzed by using the Gini coefficient,the economic contribution coefficient,and the ecological support coefficient,and on the basis of which,carbon balance zoning is carried out and targeted strategies are proposed from both the economic and ecological perspectives.Based on this,the carbon balance region is divided from economic and ecologi-cal perspectives and targeted strategies are proposed.The results show that:(1)from 2005 to 2020,the spatial pattern of carbon emission in the YRD region is"high in the east and low in the west",with an increasing trend year by year,while carbon ab-sorption shows a spatial distribution of"high in the south and low in the north",with a relatively small change in amplitude.Carbon absorption shows a spatial distribution of"high in the south and low in the north"with a relatively small change.(2)During the study period,the carbon offset rate in the YRD region decreased significantly,the Gini coefficient of the carbon off-set rate was high,the YRD region was facing a greater pressure on the carbon balance,the intensity of carbon emissions de-creased steadily,and the Gini coefficient of the intensity of carbon emissions shifted from a"relatively coordinated"to a"rela-tively uncoordinated"situation.The Gini coefficient of carbon emission intensity has changed from"relatively coordinated"to"relatively uncoordinated".(3)The economic contribution coefficient and ecological carrying coefficient have significant spatial heterogeneity among cities,with the economic contribution coefficient gradually decreasing from the coast to the in-land,and the ecological carrying coefficient showing the spatial characteristics of"high in the south and low in the north".(4)Based on the economic benefits of carbon emissions and ecological carrying capacity reflected in the carbon balance analy-sis,cities are divided into low-carbon economic zones,carbon intensity control zones,carbon sink functional zones and high-carbon optimization zones,and differentiated low-carbon development proposals are put forward for each region.