Abstract:In recent years,myosin light chain kinase(MLCK)has played a crucial role as an important regulator of the cytoskeleton and cell movement in various types of tumors.MLCK participates in regulating various biological processes,such as cell proliferation,migration,invasion,and apoptosis,through cell signal transduction in tumor development.Given the crucial role of MLCK in tumor development,it has been extensively studied as a potential therapeutic target,with the aim of developing therapeutic strategies to improve treatment efficacy and patient quality of life.This review summarizes the expression patterns,functional mechanisms,and potential clinical application value of MLCK in different types of tumors,and discusses the current status and future directions of MLCK as a potential therapeutic target,providing new ideas and strategies for clinical treatment.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the changes of serum regenerative family member 3α(REG3A)and Orai calcium release-activated calcium regulator 1(ORAI1)levels in patients with severe acute pancreatitis(SAP)complicated with sepsis and their predictive value for prognosis.Methods A total of 175 SAP patients complicated with sepsis admitted to Banan Branch of Chongqing University Cancer Hospital from January 2021 to November 2023 were selected as the sepsis group,and 90 SAP patients without sepsis in the same hospital during the same period were selected as the non-sepsis group.The sepsis group was divided into death group and survival group according to the 90-day prognosis.Serum REG3A and ORAI1 levels were detected by enzyme-linked immu-nosorbent assay.Univariate analysis was performed on the death of SAP patients complicated with sepsis,and then multivariate unconditional Logistic regression model was established to analyze the influencing factors with the death of SAP patients complicated with sepsis as the dependent variable.Receiver operating characteristic curve was drawn to evaluate the value of serum REG3A and ORAI1 levels in predicting the death of SAP patients with sepsis.Results No patients dropped out of this study.The levels of serum REG3A and ORAI1 in sepsis group were higher than those in non-sepsis group[(20.3±4.6)μg/L vs(14.4±2.6)μg/L,(39±9)μg/L vs(25±6)μg/L](t=13.457,16.481,both P＜0.001).Univariate analysis showed that the severity of disease,sequential organ failure assessment score,acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ score,procalcitonin,REG3 A and ORAI1 were related to the death of SAP patients with sepsis(all P＜0.05).Multivariate unconditional Logistic regression model analysis showed that septic shock,increased sequential organ failure assessment score,increased acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ score,increased REG3A and ORAI1 were independent risk factors for death in SAP patients with sepsis(odds ratios=8.105,1.321,1.317,1.540,1.274,all P＜0.05).The area under the curve of serum REG3A combined with ORAI1 for predicting the death of SAP patients with sepsis was 0.893,which was larger than 0.780 and 0.783 of serum REG3A and ORAI1 levels alone(Z=3.990,3.770,both P＜0.001).Conclusion Serum REG3A and ORAI1 levels are increased in SAP patients with sepsis,and these changes are independent risk factors for death.Serum REG3A combined with ORAI1 levels have a high value in predicting the prognosis of SAP patients with sepsis.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the effect of Keluoxin capsule combined with dapagliflozin in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy.Methods A total of 90 patients with diabetic nephropathy admitted to Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital from April 2022 to October 2023 were selected.According to the random number table method,the patients were divided into control group and observation group,with 45 cases in each group.Patients in both groups received routine symptomatic and supportive treatment.The control group was treated with dapagli-flozin,and the observation group was treated with Keluoxin capsule on the basis of the control group.Both groups were treated for 3 months.The clinical efficacy,islet function indexes,renal function indexes,blood glucose indexes,inflammatory indexes before and after treatment and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results The total effective rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group[88.9％(40/45)vs 71.1％(32/45)](x2=4.395,P=0.036).After treatment,the insulin resistance index,serum creatinine,urea nitrogen,24 h urine protein,fasting blood glucose,postprandial 2 h blood glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin,high-sensitivity C-reactive protein,interleukin-1 β,interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α levels in the observation group were smaller than/lower than those in the control group,and the islet β cell function index was higher than that in the control group(all P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P=0.398).Conclusion Keluoxin capsule combined with dapagliflozin is effective in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy,which can improve islet function and renal function,reduce the level of inflammation,and has good safety.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the correlation of serum mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)level and immune function indexes with bromocriptine resistance in patients with pituitary prolactinoma.Methods A total of 120 patients with pituitary prolactinoma admitted to the People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from January 2020 to May 2024 were selected as the research objects.According to the response to bromocriptine treatment,all patients were divided into sensitive group(78 cases)and resistant group(42 cases).The clinical data,serum mTOR level and immune function indexes of the two groups were compared.The correlation between serum mTOR and immune function indexes was analyzed.Generalized linear mixed model was constructed to analyze the relationship between serum mTOR,immune function indexes and bromocriptine resistance.Restricted cubic spline was used to analyze the dose-response relationship between serum mTOR,immune function indexes and bromocriptine resistance.Receiver operating characteristic curve was used to analyze the diagnostic efficacy of serum mTOR and immune function indexes in bromocriptine resistance.Results There was a significant negative correlation between mTOR level and CD3+,CD4+,and the CD4+/CD8+ratio,and a significant positive correlation between mTOR level and CD8+(all P＜0.05).The results of generalized linear mixed model analysis showed that with the increase of mTOR and CD8+,the risk of bromocriptine resistance in patients increased significantly,and with the increase of CD3+,CD4+,and CD4+/CD8+ratio,the risk of bromocriptine resistance in patients decreased significantly.The results of restricted cubic spline model showed that there was a significant nonlinear dose-response relationship between serum mTOR expression level and immune function indicators and bromocriptine resistance(P＜0.05).The area under the curve of serum mTOR combined with immune function indicators to predict the resistance of patients with bromocriptine was 0.896(95％confidence interval:0.627-0.985),and the sensitivity and specificity were 91.85％and 92.53％,respectively.Conclusion In patients with pituitary prolactinoma,there is a significant correlation between serum mTOR level and immune function indicators,and both of them have been identified as important risk factors for bromocriptine resistance.

Abstract:Objective To observe the effects of remimazolam on perioperative stress response and hemo-dynamics in patients undergoing radical resection of thyroid cancer.Methods A total of 102 patients with thyroid cancer who underwent elective radical resection in Shaanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital from December 2023 to May 2024 were selected.The patients were divided into control group and observation group by random number table method,with 51 cases in each group,and were given propofol and remimazolam anesthesia respectively.The stress response,hemodynamics,intraoperative status,sedation effect and adverse reactions of the two groups were analyzed.Results The levels of adrenocortical hormone and cortisol in the observation group were lower than those in the control group at the time of intubation,skin incision and the end of operation[adrenal cortex hormones:(41.6±7.3)ng/L vs(51.2±9.2)ng/L,(81.0±10.3)ng/L vs(90.1±12.3)ng/L,(66.1±11.1)ng/L vs(74.1±10.2)ng/L;cortisol:(268±51)nmol/L vs(338±66)nmol/L,(319±60)nmol/L vs(401±72)nmol/L,(291±62)nmol/L vs(364±70)nmol/L](all P＜0.05).Compared with the time when entering the room,the heart rate,mean arterial pressure and pulse oxygen saturation of the two groups decreased from immediately after tracheal intubation to the end of the operation,and the heart rate,mean arterial pressure and pulse oxygen saturation of the observation group were higher than those of the control group immediately after tracheal intubation(all P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in operation time and modified vigilance/sedation score at different time points between the two groups(all P＞0.05).The extubation time,stay time in post-anesthesia monitoring treatment room and recovery time of the observation group were shorter than those of the control group(all P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the total incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(x2=0.684,P=0.408).Conclusion Remimazolam has a good application effect in patients undergoing radical resection of thyroid cancer.Compared with propofol,remimazolam is more hemodynamic stable,can reduce the perioperative stress response,and will not affect the recovery from anesthesia.

Abstract:Heart failure is a complex and common endpoint of many cardiovascular diseases,caused by various types of heart disease.MicroRNA(miR)is a class of endogenous non-coding small RNA molecules with a length of about 22 nucleotides,which can regulate the growth,differentiation,proliferation,apoptosis and other life activities of cells.A large number of studies have shown that miR is involved in the occurrence and development of a variety of heart failure,such as cardiomyocyte hypertrophy,myocardial fibrosis,and abnormal cardiac energy metabolism,and miR has a specific expression profile in various cardiovascular diseases,indicating that miR is expected to become a new biomarker for cardiovascular diseases.In addition,more than 60 miR-based therapeutic drugs are currently in different stages of development,such as targeting miR mimics or antagonists,miR inhibitors and other ways to regulate endogenous miR levels.The miR may be a potential target for new therapeutic strategies.This review summarizes the relationship between miR and the diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of heart failure.

Abstract:Objective To explore the predictive value of growth differentiation factor-15(GDF-15)and alkaline phosphatase(ALP)levels on the degree of coronary artery disease in patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease(CHD).Methods A total of 140 patients hospitalized in the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine,Inner Mongolia People's Hospital from January 2021 to December 2023 were selected.According to the final diagnosis,they were divided into CHD with diabetes mellitus group(46 cases),CHD group(51 cases)and control group(43 cases of non CHD patients without obvious stenosis in coronary angiography).The levels of GDF-15,ALP,and Gensini score were compared,and the differences in the composition ratio of different ethnic among three groups of patients and the above indicators among different ethnic patients were compared.The relationship between GDF-15 and ALP levels and the risk of CHD,as well as their predictive value for the degree of coronary artery disease were analyzed.Results The GDF-15,ALP levels and Gensini score in CHD group and CHD with diabetes mellitus group were higher than those in control group,while those in CHD with diabetes mellitus group were higher than those in CHD group(all P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of different ethnicities among the three groups(P＞0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in GDF-15,ALP levels and Gensini score between Han and Mongolian patients(all P＞0.05).The results of Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of CHD increased with an increase of the levels of GDF-15(odds ratio=2.356,95％confidence interval:1.608-3.451,P＜0.001)and ALP(odds ratio=1.117,95％confidence interval:1.019-1.225,P=0.019).The analysis of the receiver operating characteristic showed that,the area under the curve(AUC)for predicting the degree of coronary artery disease using GDF-15,ALP,and their combination were 0.929,0.796,and 0.939,respectively.The AUC predicted by the combination of GDF-15 and ALP was greater than that of a single indicator(both P＜0.05).Conclusions The expression levels of ALP and GDF-15 in patients with CHD increased and are related to diabetes mellitus and the degree of coronary artery disease.The combined detection of the two indexes has a good predictive value for the degree of coronary artery disease.

Abstract:Objective To explore the effect of intelligent pharmacist platform on patients'medication compliance.Methods A total of 500 patients with underlying diseases and taking drugs in the outpatient department of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital,School of Medicine,Zhejiang University from June 3 to December 3,2023 were randomly recruited.According to whether the intelligent pharmacist platform was used,the patients were divided into the non-intelligent pharmacist platform group(250 cases)and the intelligent pharmacist platform group(250 cases).The medication adherence was assessed by questionnaires covering the content of Morisky-Green scale and telephone follow-up,and the factors of medication adherence were analyzed.Results The medication compliance of patients aged 60-70 years old in the intelligent pharmacist platform group was the best,and the medication compliance of patients aged＜60 years old was the worst(all P＜0.05).In the intelligent pharmacist platform group,the medication compliance of patients with bachelor's degree or above was the best,and the medication compliance of patients with junior high school education was the worst;while,in the non-smart pharmacist platform group,the medication compliance of patients with college education was the best,and the medication compliance of patients with primary school education or below was the worst(all P＜0.05).The medication compliance of patients living alone in the intelligent pharmacist platform group was higher than that of patients living alone,and the medication compliance of patients living alone in the non-intelligent pharmacist platform group was better than that of patients living alone(both P＜0.05).The medication compliance of patients with ≥ 3 kinds of drugs was better than that of patients with＜3 kinds of drugs in both groups(both P＜0.05).Except for the item of age＞80 years old in this study,the scores of medication compliance of other influencing factors in the intelligent pharmacist platform group were higher than those in the non-intelligent pharmacist platform group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.01).The medication compliance score of the intelligent pharmacist platform group was significantly higher than that of the non-intelligent pharmacist platform group[(6.9±1.3)scores vs(4.8±2.2)(P＜0.001).Conclusion The application of intelligent pharmacist platform can improve the medication compliance of patients.

Abstract:Objective To explore the risk factors for failure in unilateral upper ureteral calculi treated with ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy.Methods Totally 852 patients with upper ureteral calculi treated by rigid ureteroscopy holmium laser lithotripsy were retrospectively chosen in Inner Mongolia People's Hospital from January 2012 to September 2021 were enrolled,including 72 cases with lithotripsy failure evaluated a week after operation(lithotripsy failure group),and other patients with lithotripsy success(lithotripsy successful group).The clinical characteristics were analyzed and the independent risk factors of lithotripsy failure were evaluated by multivariate Logistic regression methods.Results The proportions of stones located on the left side,multiple stones,difficulty in entering the endoscope and stone dwell time ≥ 6 weeks in the lithotripsy failure group were higher than those in the lithotripsy successful group;the CT value of stones and stone dwell time≥2 weeks in the lithotripsy failure group were lower than those in the lithotripsy successful group(all P＜0.05).The multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that difficulty in ureteroscopy was an independent risk factor for the failure of ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy(odds radio=2.64,95％confidence interval:1.75-3.64,P=0.02).Conclusion The success rate of ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy for the treatment of unilateral upper ureteral stones is high,and difficulty in entering the ureteroscope is an independent risk factor for lithotripsy failure.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the expression of glucose transporter 1(GLUT1)and topoisomerase Ⅱ A(TOP2A)in adrenal pheochromocytoma(PPGL)and their correlation with clinical features and prognosis.Methods A total of 120 cases of PPGL tissues that underwent surgical resection in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region People's Hospital from March 2014 to June 2020 were selected as the experimental group.The adrenal tissues of 100 cases of non-functional adrenal adenoma who underwent surgical resection during the same period were collected as control group.Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of GLUT1 and TOP2A in tissues.Cox regression was used to analyze the prognostic factors of PPGL patients.Results The low expression rate of GLUT1 and the high expression rate of TOP2A in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group[51.7％(62/120)vs 14.0％(14/100),52.5％(63/120)vs 19.0％(19/100)](x2=34.225,31.829,both P＜0.001).The expression levels of GLUT1 and TOP2A were correlated with histological infiltration and Ki-67(both P＜0.05).The proportions of GLUT1 high expression and TOP2A low expression in the good prognosis group were higher than those in the poor prognosis group(both P＜0.001).Univariate analysis showed that histological infiltration,Ki-67,GLUT1 and TOP2A were prognostic factors(all P＜0.001).Cox multivariate regression analysis showed that TOP2A,histological infiltration and Ki-67 were all risk factors for poor prognosis of PPGL patients,and GLUT1 was a protective factor(all P＜0.001).Conlusion GLUT1 is low expression and TOP2A is high expression in PPGL tissues,which is related to poor prognosis of PPGL patients.

Abstract:Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a chronic recurrent non-specific disease of the gastroin-testinal tract,including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.The pathogenesis of IBD includes genetic suscepti-bility,gut microbiota composition,impaired intestinal mucosal barrier function,and the role of intestinal immune response.At present,the main method of IBD treatment is drug therapy,but the drug therapy of IBD mainly plays a role by regulating the immune system,inhibiting inflammation,hindering the generation of immune cells and the expression of adhesion molecules.Some drugs have great adverse reactions,which greatly limits the treatment of IBD.The research of non-drug treatment has made great progress and brought new ideas for the treatment of IBD.This article reviews the research progress of non-drug treatment for IBD.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the changes of serum markers after patent foramen ovale(PFO)closure and its clinical significance.Methods A total of 210 patients who underwent PFO closure in Fuwai Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from December 2019 to October 2022 were included retrospectively.The levels of serum markers before and after occlusion were compared,including the neutrophil/lymphocyte(NLR),the platelet/lymphocyte(PLR),mean platelet volume(MPV),homocysteine(Hey),albumin,total cholesterol,and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels.PFO patients with stroke were selected as the observa-tion group(151 cases),and 149 patients with atrial septal defect in our hospital during the same period were selected as the control group.The Hey levels were compared between the observation group and the control group before and after occlusion.Results The levels of NLR,PLR,and MPV in patients after occlusion were higher than those before occlusion,while the levels of Hey,albumin,total cholesterol,and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were lower than those before occlusion(all P＜0.05).The Hey level in the observation group before PFO closure was significantly higher than that in the control group[(13.11±10.15)μmol/L vs(10.38±3.44)μmol/L](P＜0.01).There was no significant difference in Hcy level between the observation group[(11.12±9.68)μmol/L]after occlusion and the control group(P＞0.05).Conclusion The level of Hey significantly decreased after PFO closure,and high level of Hey may be closely related to PFO-associated crypto-genic stroke.In conclusion,it is clinically meaningful to monitor the Hey level in patients with PFO.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the related factors affecting the surgical prognosis of patients with spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage(SSICH).Methods The clinical data of 294 patients with SSICH admitted to Department of Neurosurgery,Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from December 2018 to October 2021 were retrospectively collected.According to the different surgical methods,the patients were divided into neuroendoscopy group(group A),drilling drainage group(group B)and craniotomy hematoma removal group(group C).The efficacy and major complications of the three procedures were recorded and analyzed,and the volume of hematoma and edema was quantitatively calculated based on 3D Slicer software.Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to screen the risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients.Results A total of 294 patients were enrolled in this study,including 126 patients in group A,98 patients in group B and 70 patients in group C.There were significant differences in hematoma clearance rate,operation time and Glasgow coma scale(GCS)score at discharge among the three groups(all P＜0.001),among which group A had the highest hematoma clearance rate and GCS score at discharge,and group B had the shortest operation time.In terms of postoperative complications,there were significant differences in the proportion of postoperative rebleeding,the diameter of edema zone on the 7th day,the accuracy of catheterization,and the removal time of drainage tube among the three groups(all P＜0.05).There were significant differences in postoperative residual hematoma volume and postoperative edema peak volume among the three groups(all P＜0.05),and the two were positively correlated(r=0.414,P＜0.001).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that GCS score at admission,preoperative hematoma volume,irregular shape of hematoma on preoperative CT,time from onset to operation,poor postoperative blood pressure control,surgical method,bleeding site,postoperative cerebral edema and cerebral hemorrhage score were independent risk factors for the prognosis of SSICH(all P＜0.05).Conclusion Neuroendoscopy can effectively remove hematoma,reduce rebleeding and brain edema,screen independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with SSICH,optimize treatment,and improve the overall prognosis of patients.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the clinical diagnosis and prognostic value of serum growth arrest specific protein 6(Gas6),plasminogen activator inhibitor-1(PAI-1)and serum cholinesterase(S-ChE)in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)complicated with pulmonary infection.Methods A total of 106 COPD patients with pulmonary infection admitted to Beijing Tiantan Hospital,Capital Medical University from January 2021 to January 2023 were selected as the infection group,and 111 COPD patients without pulmonary infection during the same period were included as the non-infection group.According to the prognosis,the patients in the infection group were divided into survival group(83 cases)and death group(23 cases).The serum Gas6,PAI-1 and S-ChE levels were compared between the non-infection group and the infection group.The general data of the survival group and the death group were compared.Receiver operating characteristic curve was used to analyze the predictive value of serum Gas6,PAI-1 and S-ChE for pulmonary infection and death in elderly COPD patients.Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the factors affecting the prognosis of elderly COPD patients with pulmonary infection.Results The levels of serum Gas6 and PAI-1 in the infection group were higher than those in the non-infection group,and the level of S-ChE was lower than that in the non-infection group(all P＜0.001).The results of receiver operating characteristic curve showed that the area under the curve of serum Gas6,PAI-1,S-ChE and their combination in the diagnosis of pulmonary infection was 0.787,0.797,0.782,0.889,respectively.The area under the curve of the combined diagnosis of the three was higher than that of their individual diagnosis(Z=4.527,5.435,4.167;all P＜0.001).The proportions of patients with GOLD grade Ⅲand diabetes mellitus,and the levels of serum Gas6 and PAI-1 in the death group were higher than those in the survival group;the levels of ratio of forced expiratory volume in the first second to percentage of expected value,forced expiratory volume in the first second/forced vital capacity ratio and S-ChE were lower than those in the survival group(all P＜0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that Gas6 and PAI-1 were risk factors for death in elderly patients with COPD complicated with pulmonary infection,and S-ChE was a protective factor(all P＜0.05).The receiver operating characteristic curve showed that the area under the curve of the combined diagnosis of serum Gas6,PAI-1 and S-ChE was higher than that of their individual detection(all P＜0.05).Conclusion The levels of serum Gas6 and PAI-1 are increased and S-ChE is decreased in elderly COPD patients with pulmonary infection,which has certain value in the clinical diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of the disease.

Abstract:Kawasaki disease is a systemic vasculitis disorder that commonly affects children,according to traditional Chinese medicine,the cause and mechanism of Kawasaki disease are due to internal invasion of warm toxin,insufficiency of vital energy,and disharmony of defensive and protective qi.In contrast,Western medicine believes that the onset of Kawasaki disease is related to disorders of the immune system and microbial infections.In recent years,the combination of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine has provided new ideas and choices for the treatment of Kawasaki disease,which is expected to further improve the treatment effect and quality of life for children.This paper aims to explore the application and clinical effects of the combination of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine in the treatment of Kawasaki disease by reviewing recent relevant litera-ture.It is hoped that this will provide reference for further in-depth research and clinical practice,promote early diagnosis and treatment of Kawasaki disease,and improve the quality of life of children.

Abstract:Autoimmune diseases(AID)are a group of chronic inflammatory diseases caused by autoim-mune imbalance involving multiple systems.The disease is widespread in the population,the etiology is unknown,and it has a great impact on the health of the patients themselves and the whole people.Granzyme B,a serine protease,can cleave a wide range of substrates inside and outside the cell,which may be an important factor affecting the development of AID.At present,the role of granzyme B in AID remains to be explored.This review summarizes the gene structure,expression regulation,mechanism of granzyme B entry into target cells,and intra-cellular and extracellular functions of granzyme B,and summarizes the role of granzyme B in various AID such as systemic lupus erythematosus,rheumatoid arthritis,systemic sclerosis,vasculitis and idiopathic inflammatory myopathy.The purpose of this review is to summarize the etiology of AID and provide ideas for further research on diagnosis,prevention and prognosis.

Abstract:Although the treatment of ovarian cancer is constantly being optimized,surgery combined with chemotherapy is still the main treatment for epithelial ovarian cancer.The application of RO cytoreductive surgery combined with individualized chemotherapy has greatly improved the 5-year survival rate of some patients,but the 5-year survival rate of patients with advanced ovarian cancer is still lower than 30％.Resistance to chemotherapy is the main reason for the high mortality of ovarian cancer patients.Reversing the resistance of ovarian cancer is an urgent problem for clinical and scientific researchers.The mechanisms of drug resistance in ovarian cancer are complex,including drug transport,drug metabolism,apoptosis,DNA damage repair,epigenetic changes,etc.In addition,multidrug resistance,autophagy,tumor metabolic reorganization,immunity,and cancer stem cells also play an important role in ovarian cancer drug resistance.Based on the deep understanding of various drug resist-ance mechanisms,combination therapy has a wide application prospect in improving chemotherapy sensitivity and prognosis of patients.This article reviews the current research progress on the pathogenesis and treatment strategies of platinum-resistant ovarian cancer.

Abstract:Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the digestive tract and is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide.Chemotherapy is the conventional treatment for advanced gastric cancer,and chemoresistance is an important reason for the poor prognosis of gastric cancer.Autophagy is a highly conserved metabolic process,which regulates the development and chemoresistance of gastric cancer.γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptor associated protein like 1(GABARAPL1)is a ubiquitin-like protein that plays an important role in autophagy.The axis of microRNA/long non-coding RNA/circular RNA-GABARAPL1 may play a key role in the development and chemoresistance of gastric cancer.In this review,the mechanism of autophagy regulated by GABARAPL1 and its role in the development and chemoresistance of gastric cancer are summarized in order to provide new ideas for the treatment of gastric cancer.

Abstract:Metabolic syndrome is characterized by insulin resistance,obesity/overweight,and abnormalities in glucose and lipid metabolism,as well as hypertension.Epicardial adipose tissue(EAT)is a specialized type of adipose tissue with both the physiological function of energy storage and mechanical protection,and high secretory activity that releases various anti-inflammatory/inflammatory factors while regulating the intake/release of free fatty acids.It plays a crucial role in maintaining metabolic stability in individuals with metabolic syndrome.The rela-tionship between EAT and the components of metabolic syndrome has been extensively studied from the perspectives of ectopic fat deposition,free fatty acid overload,low-grade inflammation,and oxidative stress to elucidate the core mechanisms underlying this condition.Lifestyle modifications,drug interventions,and surgical procedures can reduce EAT volume to improve metabolic syndrome outcomes and decrease cardiovascular events.This review provides a comprehensive summary of the correlation between EAT and metabolic syndrome,its influencing mechanisms,as well as treatment strategies.

Abstract:Pulmonary hypertension associated with congenital heart disease in pregnant population is a serious heart and lung disease involving multiple disciplines.The risk of mother and child increases significantly during pregnancy,and how to manage pregnancy and delivery needs special attention.Pregnancy risk should be rigorously assessed in the preparation of pregnancy or when pregnancy is first detected.If there is a great risk of pregnancy,contraception or early termination of pregnancy should be performed.If the pregnancy can be continued after the evaluation,prenatal care should be strengthened during pregnancy,and risk assessment and multidisciplinary cooperative treatment should be paid attention to.Early identification,timely evaluation,active intervention and strengthening management during pregnancy can minimize adverse maternal and infant outcomes.