Abstract:In order to screen out sesame varieties with high and stable yield suitable for planting in Huanghuai area,the results of regional test of new sesame varieties in China(Huanghuai area)from 2023 to 2024 were used as data sources,and seven tested sesame varieties(Shangzhi No.10,Zhu 22B07,Yuzhi No.4,Yuzhi 6801,Zhu 22B03,Xinzhi No.6 and Shangzhi No.11)were used as test varieties.Based on the high stability coefficient and AMMI model,the yield performance and stability of the tested sesame varieties in six test sites(Xinyang City,Nanyang City,Zhumadian City,Zhengzhou City,Suzhou City,Fuyang City)were comprehensively evaluated.The results showed that among the seven tested sesame varieties,the average yield of Shangzhi No.10 was the highest(1 542.15 kg/ha),followed by Zhu 22B07(1 519.96 kg/ha).Based on the analysis of high stability coefficient,the high stability coefficients of Xinzhi No.6,Zhu 22B03 and Zhu 22B07 were 86.18％,85.67％and 81.30％,respectively.Based on AMMI model analysis,the stability parameter of Yuzhi No.4 was the smallest(6.91),followed by Yuzhi 6801(12.39)and Zhu 22B07(12.59).In addition,the yield of sesame varieties was significantly affected by environment,variety and variety×environment interaction effects,and the cumulative contribution rate of IPCA1 and IPCA2 was 86.28％,which was the main source of variety×environment interaction.In summary,Zhu 22B07 had good yield level and stability in Huanghuai area,and was suitable for planting in Huanghuai area.

Abstract:Since 2026,the price of domestic wheat market had increased first and then decreased,and the overall price was stable compared with the beginning of the year.In the domestic wheat market,the wheat produced in 2025 was gradually consumed and the supply was tightening.The rise of maize price led to the increase of wheat feed substitution,and the effective supply of wheat market was tightening in stages,which drove the price of wheat to rise steadily.However,the minimum purchase price wheat auction was incrementally launched,and the demand for flour gradually entered the off-season.The supply and demand pattern of the wheat market generally turned loose,and the price gradually fell from the previous high point.After the new grain was listed,the price difference of wheat was fast approaching,and the acquisition market gradually stabilized from active,and the price of new wheat also fell back.It is expected that in the later period,under the influence of loose supply and demand and strong policy support,the domestic wheat market will generally run smoothly,and the stage price will rise and fall slightly.

Abstract:This study aimed to explore the alleviating effect of soil conditioners on the peanut continuous cropping obstacles,Xinhua 425 was used as the test variety,and different amounts of soil conditioners before sowing(0,240,480,720 kg/ha)were set up.The changes of SPAD value(relative chlorophyll content),dry matter weight per plant at seedling stage,flower needle stage,pod stage and mature stage,soil nutrient content,agronomic traits,yield and yield components at maturity of continuous cropping peanut were compared.The results showed that compared with conventional fertilization,the application of soil conditioner before sowing could significantly improve the SPAD value of the second leaf from the main stem and the dry matter quality of single plant at different growth stages of continuous cropping peanut,It could also increase the content of available phosphorus,available potassium and organic matter in the soil after harvest,and improve the plant height,lateral branch length,number of pods per plant and number of full pods per plant,so that the 100-pod weight,100-kernel weight,kernel extraction rate and pod yield were significantly increased,and the continuous cropping obstacle of peanut was effectively alleviated.When the amount of soil conditioner was 480 and 720 kg/ha,the alleviation effect on the peanut continuous cropping obstacles was better,and the pod yields were 3 927.94 and 3 995.74 kg/ha respectively.In summary,the application of 480 kg/ha soil conditioner before sowing can promote the growth and development of continuous cropping peanuts,increase pod yield,alleviate the continuous cropping obstacles,and thus obtain the best economic benefits.

Abstract:In order to understand the utilization situation,production characteristics and variety utilization characteristics of autumn crops in 2025,the Henan Seed Industry Development Center organized the experts of Henan Provincial Autumn Crops Professional Committee to investigate the field production,new variety tests and demonstration of autumn crops.Based on the scheduling results of the seed systems in various cities,an evaluation of the main varieties of autumn crops was conducted.Suggestions on crop variety distribution in autumn of 2026 were put forward for the reference of agricultural production departments,seed enterprises and large growers.

Abstract:Luodou No.8 is a new summer soybean variety with high‑yield,disease‑resistance and high‑quality bred by Luoyang Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences through sexual hybridization and pedigree method with Yudou No.23 as female parent and Zheng 120 as male parent.It was approved by Henan Crop Variety Approval Committee in 2024(Approval number:Yushendou 20241017).In this paper,the breeding process,characteristics and cultivation techniques of Luodou No.8 were described in detail,aiming to provide technical support for the large‑scale planting and promotion of Luodou No.8.

Abstract:To address the phenomenon of unbalanced fertilization and low fertilizer utilization of maize in central Henan area,we selected maize Beiqing 340 as the test variety and conducted a field experiment in Kangcheng Village,Yuzhou,Henan Province,and set up a total of 9 treatments,including no fertilization,optimized fertilization with nitrogen deficiency,optimized fertilization with phosphorus deficiency,optimized fertilization with potassium deficiency,optimized fertilization with all fertilizers,habitual fertilization with nitrogen deficiency,habitual fertilization with phosphorus deficiency,habitual fertilization with potassium deficiency,and habitual fertilization with all fertilizers to study the effects of optimized fertilization on maize yield,nutrient uptake,and fertilizer utilization.The results showed that the fertilizer utilization rates of optimized fertilization with all fertilizers treatment were 28.02%for N,22.16%for P2O5,and 56.04%for K2O,while the fertilizer utilization rates of habitual fertilization with all fertilizers treatment were lower,which were 8.67%for N,17.79%for P2O5,and 19.87%for K2O,respectively.The former was 19.35,4.37 and 36.17 percentage points higher than the latter,respectively.The maize yield in the optimized fertilization with all fertilizer treatment reached 7 424.89 kg/ha,which was 74.28%higher than the no fertilization treatment.It could be seen that the optimized fertilization with all fertilizers treatment was beneficial to the improvement of fertilizer utilization,and the yield of the optimized fertilization with all fertilizers treatment was significantly higher than the habitual fertilization with all fertilizers and no fertilizer treatments.

Abstract:The principles and suggestions on the distribution and utilization of wheat varieties in 2023-2024 were put forward in view of the northern wheat area,the south-central wheat area,the eastern wheat area,the southern wheat area and the dry wheat area,so as to lay the foundation for the high and stable yield of wheat in the whole province.

Abstract:Through large-scale field experiments,the effects of different micronutrients on the agricultural characteristics,nutrient absorption and yield of chili peppers were studied,aiming to provide a rational basis for the spray application of micronutrients in chili leaf fertilizers.Four treatments are set up:control(spraying an equal amount of water),boron fertilizer(boric acid at 225 g/ha),zinc fertilizer(zinc sulfate at 225 g/ha),and calcium fertilizer(calcium nitrate at 450 g/ha).The results showed that the yield of the control treatment was 2 016.7 kg/ha,while that of the boron fertilizer treatment was 2 400.00 kg/ha.The yields of the zinc and calcium fertilizer treatments were 2 100.00 kg/ha and 2 055.56 kg/ha,respectively.The increase in yield was greatest with boron fertilizer(19.0%)and least with calcium fertilizer(1.9%).The percentages of second-grade fruits for the control,boron,zinc,and calcium treatments were 20.16%,11.70%,5.43%,and 5.42%,respectively.Zinc and calcium fertilizers could significantly reduce the percentage of second-grade fruits.

Abstract:According to the investigation of autumn crop production,new variety tests and demonstration by the comprehensive survey of the Henan Province Major Crop Variety Review Committees and agriculture experts,combined with the statistical results of various cities,the situation and characteristics of autumn crop production and utilization and layout of variety in 2024 were analyzed to put forward guidance and reference for the selection and utilization of autumn crop varieties in Henan Province in 2025.