Abstract:The difficulty of diabetic wound healing is an important public health problem.Such wounds are affected by multiple factors such as ischemia and hypoxia,infection,inflammation,and neuropathy,which seriously hinder the healing process.As a new biotherapeutic tool,exosomes not only retain the biological activity of parental cells,but also have low immunogenicity and good biocompatibility.It can carry bioactive molecules such as growth factors,genes,and proteins,as well as non-bioactive substances such as metal ions,oxygen,and nitric oxide.It can promote wound healing by multiple mechanisms such as regulating inflammatory response,promoting angiogenesis,inhibiting oxidative stress,and reconstructing extracellular matrix.This article reviews the research progress of exosomes in diabetic wound repair,focusing on their mechanism of action and delivery strategies,and prospects the future development direction combined with the existing limitations.

Abstract:Cardiovascular disease has become the leading cause of death in China.Malnutrition is a common complication in patients with cardiovascular disease,which seriously affects the occurrence,development and prognosis of the disease.Formulated foods for special medical purpose(FSMP)are prepared for people with specific diseases or nutritional status to help improve nutritional status and enhance immunity.Research has shown that FSMP can improve the prognosis of cardiovascular disease patients,especially in those at risk of malnutrition.This article reviews previous studies on the relationship between cardiovascular disease and malnutrition,and summarizes the research progress of FSMP in patients with cardiovascular disease at home and abroad,aiming to provide a basis for the development and application of FSMP in cardiovascular disease.

Abstract:Myasthenia gravis(MG)is an acquired autoimmune disease,the main symptom of which is the weakness of skeletal muscle contraction caused by neuromuscular transmission disorders.Common treatment methods for MG include anticholinesterase drug therapy,corticosteroid therapy,immunosuppressive therapy,plasma exchange therapy,surgical therapy,etc.Among them,there are various drugs commonly used for MG,such as glucocorticoids,azathioprine,immunosuppressants,etc.,which have been confirmed to have certain curative effects.With the in-depth research of MG mechanism and drugs in the medical community and the development of biotechnology,especially the birth of antibody drugs such as neonatal Fc receptor target antibody drugs,anti-complement 5 antibody drugs and surface antigen-antibody drugs,drug regimen of MG has brought more scientific and effective treatment options.This paper provides an overview of the incidence and treatment of MG,and reviews the research progress of antibody drugs in MG therapy.

Abstract:Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Xiaoke Jianpi decoction combined with conven-tional treatment and ketogenic diet management in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)with Qi and Yin deficiency syndrome.Methods A total of 120 T2DM patients with Qi and Yin deficiency syndrome admitted to Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital,Capital Medical University from March 2021 to March 2023 were enrolled,and they were divided into control group and observation group according to the random number table method,with 60 cases in each group.The control group was given routine treatment and ketogenic diet management,and the observation group was treated with Xiaoke Jianpi decoction on the basis of the control group.Both groups were treated for 12 weeks.The blood glucose index,blood lipid index,inflammatory index,intestinal flora index,clinical efficacy and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.Results There were 2 cases dropped off in the control group and 1 case dropped off in the observation group.Finally,58 cases in the control group and 59 cases in the observation group completed this study.After treatment,the levels of fasting plasma glucose,2 h postprandial plasma glucose,hemoglobin A1c,tri acylglycerol,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,hypersensitive C-reactive protein,tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin-6,and Enterococcus abundance in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,and the contents of Bifidobacterium abundance and Lactobacillus abundance in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(all P＜0.05).The total effective rate of the observation group was better than that of the control group[93.2％(55/59)vs 77.6％(45/58)],the total incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was lower than that in the control group[8.5％(5/59)vs 27.6％(16/58)](both P＜0.05).Conclusion Xiaoke Jianpi decoction combined with conventional treatment and ketogenic diet management can effectively improve glucose and lipid metabolism,reduce inflammatory response and regulate intestinal flora in T2DM patients with Qi and Yin deficiency syndrome,with good efficacy and high safety.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the changes and clinical significance of serum lymphotoxin-like,exhibits inducible expression,competes with herpes simplex virus glycoprotein D for herpesvirus-entry mediator,a receptor expressed by T lymphocytes(LIGHT)and chitinase 3-like protein 1(CHI3L1)levels in children with severe Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(MPP).Methods A total of 110 children with severe MPP(SMPP group)and 55 children with general MPP(GMPP group)admitted to the Department of Pediatrics,the First Hospital of Yulin,Shaanxi Province from January 2021 to February 2024 were selected.The children with SMPP were divided into non-critical group(41 cases),critical group(38 cases)and extremely critical group(31 cases)according to pediatric critical illness score.According to the outcome 28 days after admission,the children were further divided into poor prognosis group(40 cases)and good prognosis group(70 cases).The serum levels of LIGHT and CHI3L1 at admission were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.With the poor prognosis of children with SMPP as the dependent variable,multivariate unconditional Logistic regression analysis was used to determine its influencing factors.The receiver operating characteristic curve was drawn to evaluate the efficacy of serum LIGHT and CHI3L1 levels in predicting the poor prognosis of children with SMPP.Results The serum levels of LIGHT and CHI3L1 in the SMPP group were higher than those in the GMPP group[(8.2±1.8)ng/L vs(4.3±0.8)ng/L,(2 917±732)ng/L vs(1 825±388)ng/L](both P＜0.001).The serum levels of LIGHT and CHI3L1 in extremely critical group were higher than those in critical group and non-critical group,and those in critical group were higher than those in non-critical group(all P＜0.05).High pediatric critical illness score was an independent protective factor for poor prognosis in children with SMPP,and high procalcitonin,LIGHT,and CHI3L1 were independent risk factors for poor prognosis(all P＜0.05).The area under the curve of the combination of serum LIGHT and CHI3L1 levels for predicting the poor prognosis of children with SMPP was 0.868,which was larger than 0.781 and 0.784 of serum LIGHT and CHI3L1 levels alone(both P＜0.05).Conclusions Children with SMPP have elevated serum levels of LIGHT and CHI3L1,which are closely related to disease severity and poor prognosis.The combination of serum levels of LIGHT and CHI3L1 has a high predictive value for poor prognosis in children with SMPP.

Abstract:Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome triggered by infection,and it is also one of the main factors leading to the death of critically ill patients.Coagulopathy caused by sepsis is not only a life-threatening complication,but also a key factor for the deterioration of patients with sepsis.Therefore,in-depth study of the mechanism of sepsis coagulopathy and related biomarkers will help clinicians to identify these problems earlier,so as to improve the prognosis of patients and provide clinicians with new treatment directions.

Abstract:Dizziness and vertigo are one of the most common causes and symptoms of patients seeking medical advice.Although they are not life-threatening,they are closely related to the quality of life and work efficiency of patients,and are also early warning signals for many diseases.Vertigo related diseases have the characteristics of high difficulty in diagnosis and treatment,recurrent conditions and persistent symptoms.The combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine has obvious advantages in treating this disease.Guangxi is located in South China.It is located in low latitudes,bordering the Nanling Mountain Mountains in the north,and the south of the Five Ridges is located in the subtropical monsoon climate zone.Under the combined effect of geographical environ-ment,solar radiation,atmospheric circulation and other factors,it has formed the climate characteristics of warm climate,rich heat and abundant precipitation.The climate characteristics of hot,humid and rainy in the south of the Five Ridges are closely related to phlegm dampness,and fire heat syndrome.The majority of people are humid and hot.Currently,there are few guidelines,norms and consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of dizziness based on the combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine,and regional expert consensus targeting ethnic minority areas in Guangxi is even rarer.Therefore,combining with the geographical conditions,climate,physical characteristics of the population,and diagnosis and treatment techniques with Zhuang medical character-istics in Guangxi,an experts consensus in the diagnosis and treatment of dizziness based on traditional Chinese and western medicine,is compiled to provide reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of this disease.We have compiled an expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of vertigo in accordance with the geographical conditions of Guangxi,with a view to providing reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of the disease.

Abstract:Unruptured intracranial aneurysm is a buried time bomb in patients who often have concomitant hypertension.In addition to the pro-rupture risk factors confirmed by most studies,complex hemodynamics,inflammatory factors and uncontrolled hypertension also increase the risk of rupture.As a commonly used antihy-pertensive drug in clinic,calcium channel blockers have been found to play a protective role in the process of rupture,but some studies have found different or even contradictory results.This article reviews the risk factors of aneurysm rupture,the effect of calcium channel blockers on aneurysm rupture,and the dual effects of calcium channel blockers.

Abstract:Objective To analyze the risk factors for lymphovascular space invasion(LVSI)in patients with low-grade endometrial carcinoma,construct a nomogram prediction model,and evaluate its effectiveness.Methods The clinical data of 167 patients with low-grade endometrial carcinoma who underwent initial treatment in the Department of Gynecology,Beijing Friendship Hospital,Capital Medical University from January 2015 to May 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into non-vascular invasion group(143 cases)and vascular invasion group(24 cases)according to vascular invasion.Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the risk factors of LVSI in low-grade endometrial carcinoma.A nomogram model for predicting the risk of LVSI in low-grade endometrial carcinoma was established,and the consistency coefficient and calibration curve were used to evaluate the predictive performance and conformity of the model.Results Multivariate Logistic regression model(stepwise selection method)was used to analyze the independent risk factors of LVSI in patients with low-grade endometrial carcinoma.The results showed that long vaginal bleeding time,triglycerides 1.7 mmol/L,carbohydrate antigen 125 ≥35 kU/L,International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics clinical stage Ⅱ and above were independent risk factors for LVSI in patients with low-grade endometrial carcinoma(odds ratios=1.000,1.070,1.820,7.700,all P＜0.05).The independent risk factors screened by multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to establish a nomogram model for predicting the risk of LVSI in low-grade endometrial carcinoma.After calibration and verification,the predicted risk was close to the actual risk,and the concordance index was 0.843.Conclusion Clinical high staging,serum high triglycerides,high carbohydrate antigen 125,and long preoperative vaginal bleeding time are risk factors for LVSI in patients with low-grade endometrial carcinoma.The nomogram model based on these indicators can be used to evaluate the risk of LVSI in these patients before surgery.

Abstract:Microangiopathy,a common and specific complication of diabetes mellitus,significantly impairs the functioning of various organs in patients.Extensive research has demonstrated the crucial role of gut microbiota in human metabolism and immune regulation.Alterations in gut microbiota composition can disrupt the gastrointestinal environment,leading to abnormal production of metabolites,inflammatory conditions,disturbances in glucose metabolism,and even insulin resistance.Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)patients often experience metabolic disorders and chronic inflammation accompanied by disruptions in intestinal microbiota.Changes in the stable community of intestinal microbiota have a profound impact on the prognosis of diabetic microvascular compli-cations.This review aims to summarize the characteristics and pathogenesis of intestinal microbiota in diabetic microangiopathy,providing a solid theoretical foundation for regulating intestinal microbiota as an approach for preventing and treating T2DM and related microangiopathic conditions.

Abstract:The incidence and mortality of chronic kidney disease are increasing worldwide,which threatens the physical and mental health of patients.Moreover,the complications of the disease involve multiple organs and multiple systems,and the medical costs are expensive.If the disease is not well controlled,it will progress rapidly.By reading and sorting out the relevant domestic and international literature,this paper analyzes and demonstrates the mechanism and clinical efficacy of a variety of traditional Chinese medicine intestinal therapy in the treatment of chronic kidney disease from different perspectives.It was found that intestinal therapy with traditional Chinese medicine could improve intestinal flora imbalance,reduce the accumulation of uremic toxins,correct calcium and phosphorus imbalance,inhibit hyperparathyroidism and improve micro-inflammatory state.As one of the commonly used external treatment methods in clinical practice,intestinal therapy of traditional Chinese medicine is delivered through the intestine,which connects the lung and large intestine on the outside and inside.Under the transmission of the lung,the effect of the drug is fully played and reaches the site of the disease,which also coincides with the theory of"intestine-kidney axis"in modern medicine.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the changes of mini-mental state examination(MMSE)and Montreal cognitive assessment(MoCA)scores in patients with silent brain infarction(SBI)and their relationship with the effect of dual antiplatelet aggregation therapy.Methods A total of 110 SBI patients admitted to North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital from August 2022 to October 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.According to the treatment regimen,the patients were divided into conventional group(50 cases)and dual antibody group(60 cases).The conventional group was treated with bay aspirin,and the dual antibody group was treated with dual antiplatelet aggregation therapy(aspirin and clopidogrel bisulfate).The general data of the patients were collected,and the levels of nervous system markers,cognitive function,and coagulation function were detected before treatment,1 and 3 months after treatment,and the clinical effect of the patients after 3 months of treatment was evaluated.Logistic regression equation was used to analyze the risk factors affecting the clinical efficacy of SBI patients.Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to evaluate the predictive value of cognitive function before treatment for clinical efficacy.Results After 1 and 3 months of treatment,the levels of nerve growth factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF),MMSE and MoCA scores in both groups showed an upward trend,and the scores in the dual antibody group were higher than those in the conventional group at each time point(all P＜0.05).After 1 and 3 months of treatment,the levels of neuron-specific enolase(NSE),glial fibrillary acidic protein factor,fibrinogen(FIB),maximum platelet aggregation rate,and D-dimer in the two groups showed a decreasing trend compared with those before treatment,and those in the dual antibody group were lower than those in the conventional group at each time point(all P＜0.05).After 3 months of treatment,the effective rate of the dual antibody group was higher than that of the conventional group[86.7％(52/60)vs 70.0％(35/50)](x2=4.581,P=0.032).Logistic regression analysis showed that past history,smoking history,drinking history,BDNF,NSE,FIB,D-dimer levels before treatment,MMSE and MoCA scores were the influencing factors of clinical efficacy in patients with SBI(all P＜0.05).The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of MMSE and MoCA combined to predict the clinical efficacy of SBI patients was 0.848.Conclusions Dual antiplatelet aggregation therapy can effectively improve the level of neurological markers,cognitive level and coagulation function in patients with SBI.At the same time,the level of cognitive function after the onset of SBI has a significant impact on the long-term clinical prognosis of patients.In the process of clinical treatment,in addition to monitoring the clinical symptoms of patients,The cognitive function of patients should be evaluated in time to obtain the best treatment effect.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the effect of atorvastatin combined with metformin in the treatment of obese polycystic ovary syndrome.Methods A total of 150 patients with obese polycystic ovary syndrome admitted to Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital from September 2021 to October 2023 were consecutively recruited.According to the random number table method,all cases were divided into observation group and control group,with 75 cases in each group.The control group was treated with metformin,and the observation group was treated with atorvastatin combined with metformin.The total clinical effective rate,physical indicators,sex hormone indicators,lipid metabolism indicators,insulin resistance indicators and adverse reactions of the two groups were recorded.Results The total effective rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group[90.7％(68/75)vs 78.7％(59/75)](P=0.041).After treatment,the waist circumference and body mass index of the two groups were lower than those before treatment,and the observation group were lower than those of the control group(all P＜0.05).After treatment,the levels of serum testosterone,luteinizing hormone and estradiol in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,and the level of follicle-stimulating hormone was higher than that in the control group(all P＜0.05).After treatment,the lipid metabolism indexes of the two groups were significantly improved compared with those before treatment,and the levels of total cholesterol,triglyc-eride,and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group,while the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level was higher than that in the control group(all P＜0.05).After treatment,the insulin resistance indexes of the two groups were significantly decreased,and the fasting blood glucose,fasting insulin,and homeostasis model insulin resistance index of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group(all P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P=0.575).Conclusion Atorvastatin combined with metformin is effective in the treatment of obese polycystic ovary syndrome,which can reduce the level of physical indicators,improve the level of sex hormones,lipid metabolism and insulin resistance,and the treatment safety is good.

Abstract:Objective To explore the efficacy and influencing factors of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor(ACEI)/angiotensin Ⅱ receptor blocker(ARB)drugs in the treatment of cardiovascular toxicity induced by bevacizumab,so as to provide reference for clinical improvement of anti-cardiovascular toxicity.Methods A total of 128 cancer patients with cardiovascular toxicity after bevacizumab treatment in Jiangsu Second Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2021 to December 2023 were selected.Patients were divided into two groups according to whether they were treated with ACEI/ARB drugs,95 patients who took ACEI/ARB drugs were included in the observation group,and 33 patients who did not take ACEI/ARB drugs were included in the control group.The levels of cardiac troponin Ⅰ(cTnⅠ),N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were compared between the two groups.Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors of cardiovascular toxicity caused by ACEI/ARB drugs in the treatment of bevacizumab.Results The levels of NT-proBNP,cTnⅠ,systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,and the LVEF was higher than that in the control group(all P＜0.05).In the clinical effect evaluation of ACEI/ARB drugs in the treatment of cardiovascular toxicity,60 cases(63.2％)were cured,30 cases(31.6％)were improved and 5 cases(5.3％)were ineffective.Clinical staging(odds ratio=5.349),concomitant cardio-vascular disease(odds ratio=3.132),cardiac toxicity grade(odds ratio=4.218),plasma NT-proBNP(odds r atio=2.824),and plasma cTnⅠ(odds ratio=3.779)levels were risk factors for cardiovascular toxicity effects of ACEI/ARB drug therapy,while LVEF level(odds ratio=0.333)was a protective factor for cardiovascular toxicity effects of ACEI/ARB drug therapy(all P＜0.05).Conclusion ACEI/ARB drugs have a certain effect in the treatment of cardiovascular toxicity induced by bevacizumab,which can reduce cardiovascular toxicity and myocardial injury.The risk factors for ACEI/ARB treatment included clinical stage,cardiovascular disease,cardiotoxicity grade,NT-proBNP and cTnⅠ,while LVEF was a protective factor.

Abstract:Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease is still one of the major diseases affecting the global health burden.With the rapid development of society and the acceleration of the pace of life,the incidence of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease is on the rise in young people.The bidirectional effect of depression and coronary atherosclerotic heart disease has a certain impact on the occurrence,development and prognosis of coronary heart disease.This article reviews the current status and research progress of depression in patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease at home and abroad,especially for patients with premature coronary athero-sclerotic heart disease,and summarizes its epidemiology,pathogenesis and treatment methods,in order to provide a basis for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease complicated with depression.

Abstract:Intervertebral disc degeneration is a complex degenerative disease affected by many factors,and its mechanism still needs to be further explored.Mechanical stimulation has a significant effect on the nucleus pulposus cells in the intervertebral disc,which is of great significance for understanding the mechanism of degeneration and finding treatment strategies.This article summarizes the animal models,new materials,cytoskeleton,cell pathways,mitochondrial damage and aging,and further explores the role and influence of mechanical stimulation on nucleus pulposus cells,so as to provide a more effective and safer treatment plan for lumbar disc degeneration diseases.

Abstract:Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS)is a sleep disorder characterized by intermittent hypoxia,hypercapnia and sleep structure disorder caused by repeated upper airway obstruction,and is associated with cardio-cerebrovascular diseases and metabolic diseases,such as hypertension,coronary heart disease,diabetes,etc.In recent years,related studies have found that adiponectin is an adipokine with anti-inflammatory and anti-atherosclerotic effects.Many scholars have paid attention to the potential role of adiponectin in the occur-rence and development of OSAHS.It has been found that serum adiponectin levels are generally lower in patients with OSAHS,and this reduction correlates with disease severity and obesity.Continuous positive airway pressure treatment can increase serum adiponectin level and improve inflammatory state in patients with OSAHS to a certain extent,suggesting that adiponectin plays an important role in the pathogenesis of OSAHS.In addition,related studies have revealed that adiponectin gene polymorphism may affect its expression and function,thereby affecting the occurrence and development of OSAHS.This article reviews the latest research progress on the role of adipone-ctin in OSAHS and its genetic correlation,in order to provide new ideas and potential targets for the diagnosis and treatment of OSAHS.

Abstract:Objective To explore the relationship between blood pressure control and cognitive level in patients with hypertension.Methods A total of 7 718 hypertensive patients admitted to the Department of Cardiology,Beijing Anzhen Hospital,Capital Medical University from October 2019 to September 2023 were selected.According to the blood pressure control,the patients were divided into standard group and non standard-group.The cognitive function status[Montreal cognitive assessment(MoCA)and mini-mental state examination(MMSE)scores]were analyzed and compared between the two groups.After adjusting for confounding factors,binary Logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between blood pressure control and cognitive scores.Results Among the 7 718 patients,5 618(72.8％)patients had poor blood pressure control and 2 100(27.2％)patients had good blood pressure control.After adjusting for confounding factors,the scores of visuospatial and executive function[odds ratio(OR)=1.09,95％confidence interval(CI):1.03-1.16,P=0.002],attention(OR=1.05,95％CI:1.01-1.09,P=0.027),language(OR=1.05,95％CI:1.01-1.09,P=0.010),abstract ability(OR=1.04,95％CI:1.01-1.08,P=0.022)and the total score of MoCA(OR=1.25,95％CI:1.06-1.47,P=0.007)in the standard group were higher than those in the non standardgroup.The scores of memory(OR=1.05,95％CI:1.01-1.10,P=0.010)and language ability(OR=1.08,95％CI:1.04-1.11,P＜0.001)in MMSE and the total score of MMSE(OR=1.19,95％CI:1.06-1.33,P=0.004)in the standard group were higher than those in the non standardgroup.Conclusions In patients with hypertension,patients with uncontrolled blood pressure have worse cognitive function than those with controlled blood pressure.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the correlation of serum visfatin and adiponectin levels with clinical features of pediatric febrile seizures(FS)and conversion to epilepsy.Methods A total of 228 children with FS admitted to Department of Emergency,the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine from January 2021 to June 2023 were selected as the FS group,and 114 children with fever and 114 healthy children during the same period were selected as the fever group and the control group,respectively.The serum levels of visfatin and adiponectin were compared among the three groups.Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of FS converting to epilepsy.The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the predictive value of serum visfatin and adiponectin levels for the conversion of FS to epilepsy in children.Results The serum level of visfatin in the control group,fever group and FS group decreased in turn,and the serum level of adiponectin increased in turn in the control group,fever group and FS group(all P＜0.05).The serum levels of visfatin and adiponectin were related to the type of FS,the duration of seizures,and the number of seizures within 24 h(all P＜0.05).After 1 year of follow-up,the incidence of epilepsy in 228 FS children was 25.0％(57/228).Complex FS,the duration of seizure ≥15 min,the number of seizure within 24 h ≥2,and high level of adiponectin were independent risk factors for the conversion of FS to epilepsy,and high level of visfatin was an independent protective factor(all P＜0.05).The area under the curve of serum visfatin combined with adiponectin in predicting FS to epilepsy was 0.872,which was larger than 0.787 and 0.790 predicted by serum visfatin or adiponectin alone(both P＜0.05).Conclusions The decreased level of serum visfatin and the increased level of serum adiponectin are related to the type of FS,the duration and frequency of seizures in children,and are independent factors affecting the conversion of FS to epilepsy.The combination of visfatin and adiponectin has a high value in predicting the conversion of FS to epilepsy in children.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the correlation of serum cystatin C and uric acid levels with bone mineral density in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)in Qinghai region.Methods A total of 141 T2DM patients who were treated in the Department of Endocrinology,Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital from January to December 2023 were selected.According to the diagnostic criteria of osteoporosis,the patients were divided into normal bone mass group(56 cases),osteopenia group(53 cases)and osteoporosis group(32 cases).The general data of the patients were collected,serum cystatin C,uric acid and other biochemical indicators and bone mineral density data were measured,and the correlation between related indicators and bone mineral density was analyzed.Results There were significant differences in gender distribution,age,and levels of 25-hydroxyvi-tamin D,cystatin C,total cholesterol,and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol among the three groups(all P＜0.05).The variables with statistically significant differences in univariate analysis were included in the multivariate ordinal Logistic regression analysis model as independent variables.The results showed that age and cystatin C were risk factors for osteopenia and osteoporosis,while male sex and 25-hydroxyvitamin D were protective factors(odds ratios=0.434,0.922,1.100,3.555,all P＜0.05).Conclusion High level of serum cystatin C,female,old age and low level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D may be risk factors for osteopenia and osteoporosis in T2 DM patients in Qinghai province.There is no significant correlation between serum uric acid level and bone mineral density in T2DM patients.