Abstract:Different thawing temperature differences affect the thawing quality of frozen meat,thus impacting food safety.The effects of four thawing temperature differences on volatile base nitrogen and microbial indexes of frozen beef were studied,and an ideal thawing method was selected and optimized to help the common scenes of family cooking.Four thawing temperature difference groups were air thawing group,high temperature with low humidity thawing group,cold storage thawing group,and low temperature with high humidity thawing group.The air thawing group had the fastest thawing rate,the highest TVB-N value and total number of colonies.The thawing rate of the low temperature with high humidity thawing group was lower than that of the air thawing group,higher than that of the other two groups,exhibiting the lowest TVB-N value and total number of colonies.Optimization of the low temperature with high humidity thawing group resulted in a 35 min thawing time with the TVB-N value and the total number of colonies reaching 11.92 mg/100 g and 4.47 lg(CFU/g),respectively.This demonstrates that the optimized thawing scheme can significantly inhibit microbial contamination during beef thawing and storage,enhancing the edible quality and safety.

Abstract:To study personalized demands for kitchen appliance replacements and upgrades,this paper propose an image-processing-based visualization system.By analyzing semantic information and structural features(e.g.,line textures)from user-submitted kitchen images,the system identifies spatial relationships between key components(e.g.,cabinets)and applies empirical kitchen layout principles to derive optimal appliance placement rules.Even with imprecise user input,it predicts ideal positions for target appliances(e.g.,dishwashers,refrigerators,ovens)and simulates virtual installations.The results are visualized as augmented images,significantly enhancing the convenience and realism of DIY kitchen design.

Abstract:Facing the global transition to green and low-carbon practices alongside environmental packaging regulations,the traditional foam cushioning packaging in the air conditioning industry is increasingly revealing issues related to resource consumption,recycling,and pollution.To adhere to green packaging principles and focus on packaging solutions for high-end cabinet air conditioners,a comprehensive application of material performance testing and simulation technology has been achieved,realizing the dual goals of enhancing foam cushioning performance and achieving green,lightweight materials.First,the key mechanical and energy absorption properties of expanded polystyrene(EPS)were systematically investigated,and its stress-strain constitutive model was established.Subsequently,a comprehensive simulation model encompassing the complete unit,foam cushioning structure,and corrugated carton was developed based on complex logistics scenarios.The model's accuracy was validated through experiments,and evaluation criteria for drop simulation were established.The results demonstrate strong consistency between the drop/clamp simulation outcomes and experimental data,with simulations effectively identifying potential weak points in advance and enabling structural optimization during the design phase.Furthermore,material reduction was implemented in non-load-bearing paths.The optimized foam structure achieved a 27 g reduction in material usage while maintaining transportation performance,alongside a 35％improvement in clamping energy absorption and an 8％increase in drop impact energy absorption.This approach significantly reduces carbon emissions and minimizes mold modification cycles.So validating the critical role of simulation technology in green cushioning packaging design and providing a feasible pathway for innovative packaging upgrades in the air conditioning industry.

Abstract:As an important heating equipment,researching energy-saving strategies for heat pump heating machines has significant practical significance.Propose a multi parameter correlation model based on supply water temperature,return water temperature,indoor and outdoor temperature,which avoids energy waste caused by continuous high water temperature operation by calculating the ideal return water temperature in real time.To verify the reliability and energy-saving effect of the model,experiments and field tests were conducted.The results show that this strategy can achieve dynamic adjustment of return water temperature,while ensuring comfort,the system energy saving rate is about 29％.Further field tests in Mohe City showed that under similar weather conditions and defrosting times,the average daily power consumption of the unit using this model was 45.74 kW·h,which was 19.36％lower than that of the conventional fixed water temperature(45 ℃)heating mode,and the energy-saving effect was significant.At the same time,the model effectively reduced the frequency of compressor start stop through dynamic adjustment(by 12.5％),and the indoor temperature remained stable at 26 ℃ after 24 hours of operation,achieving high efficiency and energy saving while ensuring thermal comfort,provides a reference for energy-saving optimization of heat pump heating systems in cold regions.

Abstract:With the popularity of household air conditioners,their operating noise has increasingly attracted consumers' attention.The noise from household air conditioners poses certain hazards to human health,quality of life,and the social environment,including sleep disturbance,hearing damage,psychological effects,and neighborhood disputes.At present,the main air conditioning noise reduction technologies are researched from four aspects:mechanical vibration control,aerodynamic noise optimization,structural improvement,and intelligent control.Research indicates that the future development of air conditioning noise reduction technology will be towards lightweight materials,intelligent adaptive control,and multi-physical field collaborative optimization,aiming to achieve lower noise emissions and higher energy efficiency.Provides theoretical basis and practical guidance for low-noise design of air conditioning products and rational use by users

Abstract:A series of phosphate glasses containing antibacterial components were prepared by the melt-quenching method,and the effects of CaO content and temperature on the dissolution rate,structural characteristics,and antibacterial performance of the glasses were systematically investigated.The results showed that CaO content had a significant influence on the dissolution behavior:Ca2+,acting as a network modifier,enhanced the three-dimensional cross-linking degree of the glass,thereby reducing weight loss and extending service life;glasses with higher CaO content exhibited better stability against temperature variations.Antibacterial tests revealed that sample G-6 achieved the optimal balance between sustained ion release and antibacterial efficacy,with an inhibition rate of 99.9％against E.coli after 1 h of exposure,and a theoretical service life of approximately 2.5 years.Further studies indicated that an appropriate increase in ZnO whisker content allowed the maintenance of excellent antibacterial performance at a lower Ag2O dosage,thereby improving material safety.XRD and EDS analyses confirmed that the glasses were amorphous,with Ag,Zn,and Cu antibacterial ions uniformly distributed within the glass matrix,enabling sustained release.The prepared phosphate antibacterial glasses demonstrate long-term controlled-release and efficient antibacterial properties,making them suitable for use in non-potable water systems such as washing machines,rotary floor scrubber,and humidifiers.

Abstract:With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technologies such as large models and intelligent agents,and the utilization of large model decision-making to control smart home appliance scenarios,smart homes are evolving towards"scenario-based"and"personalized"directions through multi-agent decision-making technology.However,there are currently major issues such as complex smart home scenario configurations,fragmented communication protocols between devices,and deviations in understanding user intentions.To address these issues,a joint decision-making technology based on the large model decision-making framework is proposed,utilizing"one-click group formation"for intelligent agents.Through three innovative modules:MCP dynamic group formation,vertical domain large model interaction,and group definition-driven decision-making,dynamic generation and adaptive regulation of smart home scenarios are achieved.Experiments show that this technology is superior to traditional solutions in terms of cross-protocol communication delay,scenario adaptability accuracy,and user configuration efficiency,providing new ideas for the intelligent upgrade of smart home scenarios.

Abstract:The unique upward airflow field of the top outlet outdoor unit of the air conditioner adds diversity to the installation scenarios of the air conditioner.The design of the top cover grille of the external unit must meet the strength requirements such as falling,trampling,and random vibration during transportation,while also considering the air volume during operation and ensuring lean manufacturing and cost control.The top out style grille is formed by sheet metal stamping,where the number of grilles determines the blade angle and blade strength.In order to improve the strength of the grille,reduce the risk of tearing at the root of the grille,and minimize the overall airflow,simulations and measurements were conducted to investigate the effects of different numbers of grilles on airflow and structural strength.Increasing the diameter of the inner circle of the grille by 20 mm and reducing the number of grilles by 5 can reduce stress by 1/2 and increase air volume by an average of 3.5％.

Abstract:There is a"breathing effect"in the refrigerating operation of refrigerator,and the air between the inside and outside of the refrigerator will exchange heat and mass with the"breathing effect".By using CFD,the influence of external airflow changes on the heat exchange of defrosting drainage pipes was studied,and the impact of drain pipe position,air hole direction,etc.on the energy efficiency of frost-free refrigerator was verified through experiments.It has been proved that when the defrosting drain pipe is far from the condenser fan and the air holes are away from the airflow of the condenser fan,it is beneficial to the power consumption of the refrigerator.Compared with being close to the condenser fan and facing the airflow directly,the average annual power consumption can be reduced by approximately 3.10％.

Abstract:Addressing the defect of conventional methods in capturing dynamic friction coefficient variations during drawer sliding processes,a dynamic analysis framework for dry-friction drawer systems was established by integrating finite element numerical simulation with a modified dry friction model.Systematic experimental comparisons validate the accuracy of the method in predicting dynamic behaviors.Results show that a significant negative correlation between friction coefficient and contact pressure,revealing the non-constant nature of friction.High consistency in dynamic response trends and key amplitudes between simulations and experiments,confirming method reliability and precision.The proposed"FEM coupled with modified dry friction model"approach effectively captures nonlinear friction-structure coupling during sliding,significantly enhances push-pull force prediction capability,and provides a theoretical tool for design optimization,user experience improvement,and lifespan prediction of drawer systems.

Abstract:The flow field distribution characteristics of the refrigerator air duct system are the key factors affecting the refrigerator cooling efficiency and room temperature uniformity.In the past,air duct design mainly relied on CFD flow field simulation,which had inherent limitations,especially single-cycle air-cooled refrigerators,which were difficult to directly evaluate the rationality of room cooling allocation,and the whole room temperature field simulation faced many challenges due to the complexity of the model and the large amount of mesh.In order to accurately evaluate the air volume distribution,a single-system air-cooled refrigerator was taken as the object,and the CFD simulation results were compared with the test data to verify the quantitative relationship between the air volume distribution and the temperature field,which was verified to control the temperature simulation error of the refrigeration and freezer chamber within±2 ℃.Based on this model,different air duct schemes can be evaluated and optimized in advance at the product design stage,reducing the dependence on physical prototypes,providing a standardized evaluation basis for the air duct design of air-cooled refrigerators,thereby shortening the development cycle and achieving better system energy efficiency matching.

Abstract:With the increasingly sophisticated application of artificial intelligence technology in household appliances,smart appliances are evolving rapidly.This is especially true for products equipped with reasoning large models,which are characterized by swift changes,complex varieties,and diverse functionalities.Given the unpredictable inputs and outputs,traditional single,one-time testing methods are inadequate for scientifically evaluating the intelligence capabilities of smart appliances.This poses new and more challenging issues for the testing industry.An in-depth exploration from the three dimensions of standards and regulations,testing methods and tools,and testing personnel is conducted.Solutions such as highly adaptable testing methods,rapidly responsive intelligent testing tools,and versatile testing professionals are proposed,providing new directions and insights for the development of the smart appliance testing industry in the face of applied cross-cutting technologies.

Abstract:Systematically interprets the key contents of the group standard T/CAS 991.5-2025"Specifications for Quality Grading of Home Building Materials Products,Part 5:Smart Cameras for Household and Similar Purposes."It focuses on analyzing the technical requirements of the standard's basic,key,and featured indicators,and clarifies its quality grading logic and evaluation methods.By summarizing the appendix testing content,including App operating experience,night vision capabilities,image clarity,and minimum illumination,it helps companies understand the standard's implications and promotes product quality improvements in the smart camera industry.

Abstract:There is limited research on the impact of return duct diameters on the performance of air conditioning systems.To investigate the patterns of their influence on performance and summarize design methods,simulation and experimental studies were conducted using return ducts with diameters of φ15.88 mm and φ12.7 mm,thereby obtaining the patterns of how duct diameters affect performance under both cooling and heating conditions.The verification results indicate that using a smaller duct diameter of φ12.7 mm results in a pressure drop approximately 4300 to 4600 Pa greater than that of φ15.88 mm.Due to the different specific volumes of suction under cooling and heating conditions,changes in duct diameter have minimal impact on cooling performance but significantly affect heating performance,reducing capacity by 2％.This verification reveals the key patterns of how return duct diameters affect air conditioning systems,providing important insights for optimizing the selection of return ducts and enhancing system performance.

Abstract:Accurate control of indoor temperature and humidity is essential to enhance human comfort.Aiming at the problem that it is difficult to maintain the temperature and humidity of household inverter air conditioners,proposes a cooperative control strategy for temperature and humidity.On the basis of the original indoor temperature PID control compressor frequency,superimpose the PI control increment of indoor humidity and increase the weight of dehumidification;the speed of the internal fan adopts incremental PID control and adaptively adjusts the control coefficients according to the indoor temperature difference to realize the stepless adjustment of speed to control the indoor temperature and humidity.By building the air conditioning sensible latent heat neural network model and room load model simulation verification,and experimental testing on the whole machine.The results show that,compared with the traditional temperature control only strategy,this cooperative control method can effectively suppress humidity rebound while maintaining the set temperature accuracy,stably control the indoor humidity in the comfort zone(40％～60％),and significantly improve the comfort regulation effect of the air conditioner.

Abstract:Through comparative experimental research on the performance of three flow path schemes of 5 mm copper tube double-row condensers,namely five-in-five-out,six-in-six-out,and eight-in-eight-out,in the air conditioner as a whole,the results show that the six-in-six-out flow path scheme of the 5 mm copper tube double-row condenser has the best performance in terms of capacity and energy efficiency when operating in a wide temperature range of outdoor ambient temperature from 35 ℃ to 60 ℃.The high pressure of the entire system is the lowest,the difference between high and low pressure is the smallest,and the operation reliability of the entire system is the best.The variance of the outlet temperature of each flow path of the condenser under different working conditions is the smallest,and the flow is the most uniform.Therefore,this scheme is the best flow path among the three flow path schemes.Through comparative experiments and tests with the prototype solution,it was found that the 5 mm copper tube double-row condenser solution can completely replace the 7 mm copper tube double-row condenser solution of the prototype.At the same time,this solution can be extended to multiple models for product development and use,which can reduce the overall machine cost by about 6％and decrease the refrigerant usage of the entire machine by up to 26％.While ensuring product quality,It can also achieve cost reduction and carbon emission reduction,contributing to the country's dual carbon strategic goals.

Abstract:With the continuous improvement of energy efficiency standards for household air conditioners,the traditional fan cover has been difficult to meet the energy-saving requirements.To study the parameters of the circular fan cover blades used in the outdoor units of 10-horsepower high-volume air conditioners,fluid simulation and experimental verification were conducted on the three-dimensional modeling of the fan cover.The influence of the radial spacing and twist angle of the fan cover ribs on the ventilation volume of the fan cover was analyzed.The results show that the model optimization method based on CFX three-dimensional numerical simulation can effectively optimize the structural parameters of the fan cover.After optimization,the ventilation volume of the fan cover increased by 5.2％at the same fan speed,which is of great significance for reducing the flow loss in the air conditioner duct and improving the energy efficiency of the air conditioner.

Abstract:Addresses the limitations of smart gas stoves that rely on temperature sensor to identify boiling states,as well as the uncontrollable cooking outcomes caused by gas pressure fluctuations during smart recipe applications.An intelligent control solution based on weighing sensor is proposed.By monitoring cookware mass changes in real-time,boiling states are precisely identified.A regression model correlating evaporation rate with burner power and gas pressure is established.For soup-boiling/braising scenarios,evaporation patterns are investigated separately.Dynamic adjustment of burner power based on evaporation rates achieves precise control over the final volume of broth in cooked dishes.Utilizing weighing sensor signal values to achieve intelligent boiling recognition and dynamic burner power adjustment for gas stoves,enabling smart and precise cooking while enhancing user experience.

Abstract:After long-term grilling and cooking in the oven,the inner walls of the baking cavity often accumulate and settle a lot of grease and dirt,especially in the corners which are difficult to clean,becoming a pain point in the industry.Through the innovative design of high-temperature self-cleaning technology for the oven,the intelligent control program can rapidly heat the oven to an extremely high temperature of over 450℃ within 30 minutes,and then take about 90 minutes to incinerate or thematically crack the food residues,grease stains and other impurities inside.After cooling to room temperature,it only needs a simple wipe to shine like new and complete the cleaning.In view of the large amount of residual heat generated during the high-temperature cleaning process,an efficient thermal management system is needed to support temperature control under different modes,maintaining a dynamic balance between heat generation and heat dissipation,and avoiding excessive temperature rise under working conditions that could lead to the failure of control electronic components.This has become an urgent key technical problem to be solved.Through the analysis of the mechanism of the high-temperature self-cleaning function of the oven,a digital model of the temperature rise under the high-temperature self-cleaning condition of the oven was built.The key factors affecting the temperature rise and the technical parameters of the main components were carefully selected and optimized.Combined with CAE simulation analysis and experimental verification,the temperature rise in the space of the high-temperature self-cleaning box of the oven was reduced from 84.61 ℃ to 68.58 ℃.Ensure the safety and reliability of the electronic components of the control system and the entire machine,and effectively enhance the cleaning effect.

Abstract:To reduce aerodynamic noise during the operation of centrifugal fans and improve the flow adaptability and acoustic performance of the volute structure,proposes a three-dimensional curved surface volute structure based on non-uniform NURBS parametric modeling.Using a traditional volute as a reference,CFD and FW-H acoustic analogy methods are employed to conduct integrated numerical simulations of the flow field and acoustic field.The results show that the curved volute structure,by creating a"high in the middle,low on both sides"tangential flow channel,significantly improves the flow path from the impeller outlet to the volute tongue region,making the main flow more stable,reducing flow separation,and decreasing the peak turbulent kinetic energy by over 30％.Based on this,the pressure distribution on the volute wall becomes more uniform,the amplitude of unsteady fluctuations decreases,and the sound source intensity is significantly reduced.Spectral analysis shows that the sound pressure amplitude in the main frequency band below 1000 Hz decreases by approximately 4.2 dB(A),with an average reduction in total sound pressure of 3.6 dB(A),demonstrating excellent broadband noise reduction capabilities.The research results validate the comprehensive advantages of the curved volute structure in terms of aerodynamic and acoustic performance,providing theoretical basis and structural design methods for the development of high-efficiency,low-noise centrifugal fans.