Analysis and antioxidant activity study of different extraction liquid from Pinus massoniana needles

LIU Yaqun; CHEN Lianghui; ZHANG Zekun; ZHENG Yuzhong; ZHANG Zhenxia

doi:10.12187/2025.02.007

Abstract：To analyze the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of Pinus massoniana needles,the main components of essential oils,aqueous extracts,and alcoholic extracts were studied using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)coupling method.Additionally,network pharmacology was utilized to investigate the active components,and free radical scavenging experiments were conducted to evaluate their antioxidant activities.The results revealed that 60 compounds,accounting for 95.13%of the total,were identified in the essential oils,primarily consisting of terpenes.The aqueous and alcoholic extracts contained 10 and 16 compounds,respectively,mainly consisting of ketones.Significant differences were observed in the composition distribution among different extraction methods.VIP analysis identified six potential candidate differential compounds:pinene(VIP=1.31),1-caryophyllene(VIP=1.47),L-β-pinene(VIP=1.80),α-pinene(VIP=3.32),3-nitro-1-phenylpropyl-1-ketone(VIP=7.86),and 2-ethoxyphenyl isothiocyanate(VIP=1.13).These compounds may exert effects on oxidative stress and free radical scavenging pathways through interactions with proteins such as aldehyde reductase(AR).In the evaluation of antioxidant activity,when the DPPH scavenging rate reached 80%,the mass concentrations of alcoholic extract,aqueous extract,and essential oil were 0.2 mg/mL,0.9 mg/mL,and 80 mg/mL,respectively.When the ABTS+scavenging rate reached 80%,the concentrations of alcoholic extract,aqueous extract,and essential oil were 0.07 mg/mL,0.2 mg/mL,and 10 mg/mL,respectively.When the hydroxyl radical scavenging rate reached 80%,the concentration of alcoholic extract was 3.5 mg/mL,while the scavenging abilities of aqueous extract and essential oil were relatively low and unstable.At the mass concentration of the extract liquid was 1.00 mg/mL,the alcoholic extract exhibited the strongest total reducing power.Therefore,Pinus massoniana needles possess significant antioxidant potential,with various components exhibiting antioxidant activities obtainable through different extraction methods.