Self-management Guidelines for Patients with Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases
ZHU Changtai
ZHU Ruifang
LU Qunfeng
JIANG Rong
ZHENG Lu
GUO Dandan
ZHANG Qi
HUANG Long
ZHANG Jing
ZHANG Liang
MEI Shencong
XIA Xia
LI Xiankai
TAO Xingjuan
XU Xiqi
XU Yuxin
ZHANG Nana
YOU Ling
WU Pin
YANG Shigui
Abstract：Chronic cardiovascular diseases are one of the global major health problems,with a significant threat to human health.Self-management of health by patients can effectively mitigate the impact of cardiovascular diseases,enhance treatment outcomes,reduce the incidence of complications,improve quality of life,and decrease the consumption of medical resources.However,there is currently a lack of systematic and standardized self-management guidelines for chronic cardiovascular diseases.Based on this,the Working Group for the Self-Management Guidelines for Patients with Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases has established nine key questions based on the principles and standards of guideline development.After considering the quality of evidence,balance of benefits and harms,patient preferences,and health economic factors,the group has formulated corresponding recommendations.The main suggestions of this guideline are as follows.Patients with chronic cardiovascular diseases are encouraged to learn about their conditions and understand common risk factors through various means.Patients with comorbidities should pay attention to the impact of these conditions on cognitive function and seek medical intervention in a timely manner.Comprehensive monitoring of health status is essential,with a particular focus on blood pressure monitoring.Patients should be able to recognize symptoms of disease exacerbation and seek medical attention promptly.The wearable devices or remote services to assist monitoring is recommended.Strict adherence to medication schedules is crucial,and patients should be well-informed about their medications,with auxiliary tools to record relevant details.Heart failure patients need to visit healthcare providers regularly for medication adjustments.Hypertensive patients should prioritize long-acting anti-hypertensive drugs,while coronary heart disease patients should take aspirin and other long-term medications.Smokers should quit smoking,and those who drink alcohol should control their intake.Patients should also control their weight,engage in moderate exercise,maintain regular sleep patterns,follow a balanced diet,control total energy intake,and maintain a positive attitude.Psychological interventions are recommended,and active participation in family and community activities,as well as seeking social support,is encouraged.Patients should value follow-up visits,recognize signs of cardiovascular emergencies,and acquire basic first-aid skills.For exercise rehabilitation,a safe venue with basic emergency equipment is important,and coronary heart disease patients should carry a first-aid kit.The development of this guideline aims to provide patients with chronic cardiovascular diseases with scientific and standardized self-management guidance.It will help patients to manage their conditions,improve quality of life,reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular events,and decrease the consumption of medical resources.Additionally,this guideline will serve as a valuable reference for healthcare providers and health managers.
Keywords：cardiovascular diseaseschronic disease managementself-managementdisease preventionguideline
Publication Date：2025-09-10
Online Publishing Date：2025-09-18(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：17( 2561-2577 )