The Expressions of Serum Procalcitonin,C-reactive Protein,and Interleukin-33 in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease and Their Relationship with the Formation of Coronary Collateral Circulation

WU Xiaohong; LI Qiuyi; JIANG Xincheng

doi:10.12102/j.issn.1672-1349.2025.14.018

Abstract：Objective: To investigate the expression levels of serum procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), and interleukin-33 (IL-33) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and their relationship with the formation of coronary collateral circulation (CCC). Methods: A total of 120 CHD patients treated at our hospital from June 2021 to June 2023 were selected as the observation group. According to the Rentrop classification criteria, patients with Rentrop grade ≤ I were classified into the poor collateral group, while those with Rentrop grade ≥ II were classified into the good collateral group. Another 35 healthy individuals undergoing physical examination were included as the control group. The serum levels of PCT, CRP, and IL-33 were detected in all groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors affecting the formation of CCC in CHD patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to analyze the diagnostic value of serum PCT, CRP, and IL-33 in predicting the formation of CCC in CHD patients. Results: There were statistically significant differences in the proportions of diabetes and smoking history ≥ 1 year between the poor collateral group and the good collateral group (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the serum levels of PCT and CRP were significantly elevated, while the serum level of IL-33 was significantly decreased in the observation group (P < 0.001). Compared with the good collateral group, the serum levels of PCT and CRP were higher, while the serum level of IL-33 was lower in the poor collateral group (P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that PCT, CRP, IL-33, and diabetes were influencing factors for the formation of CCC in CHD patients (P < 0.05). The sensitivity and specificity of combined diagnosis using PCT + CRP + IL-33 for poor CCC formation in CHD patients were higher than those of individual indicators. Conclusion: The expression levels of PCT, CRP, and IL-33 differ significantly between patients with good and poor CCC formation in CHD, and their expression may be related to the formation of CCC in CHD patients. Combined detection of the three markers can serve as an indicator for clinical evaluation of the degree of CCC formation in CHD patients.