Analysis of the Predictive Value of Serum Complement C3 and C4 Combined with Angiopoietin-like Protein 8 for the Early Diagnosis of Coronary Heart Disease

SONG Hongxing; MA Longfei; GUO Heli; HAN Xinyu; LU Zhaohui; ZHANG Jie; WANG Juntao

doi:10.12102/j.issn.1672-1349.2025.12.016

Abstract：Objective: To analyze the predictive value of serum complement C3, C4, and angiopoietin-like protein 8 (ANGPTL8) in the early diagnosis of coronary heart disease. Methods: A total of 100 patients with coronary heart disease who were admitted to our hospital from September 2021 to November 2023 were selected as the observation group. According to the different conditions and the degree of coronary artery lesions detected by coronary angiography, the observation group was divided into stable angina pectoris (SAP) group (44 cases), unstable angina pectoris (UAP) group (24 cases), acute myocardial infarction (AMI) group (32 cases), and I-grade group (25 cases), II-grade group (30 cases), III-grade group (33 cases), IV-grade group (12 cases). A total of 100 healthy individuals undergoing physical examination during the same period were selected as the control group. The levels of serum C3, C4, and ANGPTL8 were compared between the observation group and the control group, as well as among patients with different conditions and different degrees of coronary artery lesions. The correlation between serum C3, C4, and ANGPTL8 levels and the severity of coronary heart disease and lesion degree was analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn to evaluate the predictive value of serum C3, C4, and ANGPTL8 in the early diagnosis of coronary heart disease. Results: The serum levels of C3 and C4 in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group, while the serum level of ANGPTL8 was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). In patients with different conditions, the serum levels of C3 and C4 were ranked as SAP > UAP > AMI, while the serum levels of ANGPTL8 were ranked as AMI > UAP > SAP. In patients with different lesion degrees, the serum levels of C3 and C4 were ranked as I-grade > II-grade > III-grade > IV-grade, while the serum levels of ANGPTL8 were ranked as IV-grade > III-grade > II-grade > I-grade, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that serum C3 and C4 levels were negatively correlated with the severity of the disease and lesion degree, while serum ANGPTL8 levels were positively correlated with the severity of the disease and lesion degree. ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) for serum C3, C4, ANGPTL8, and their combination were 0.813, 0.717, 0.782, and 0.905, respectively, indicating that combined diagnosis was superior to individual indicators. Conclusion: Serum C3, C4, and ANGPTL8 are significantly correlated with the severity of coronary heart disease and the degree of coronary artery lesions. Combined detection of these indicators has high diagnostic value for coronary heart disease and can provide support for early diagnosis and intervention.