The Efficacy of Pulmonary Vein Isolation Combined Linear Ablation in the Treatment of Persistent Atrial Fibrillation and Its Influence on Serum Inflammatory Factors

CHEN Yangang; LI Shuiquan; YANG Zhengwen

doi:10.12102/j.issn.1672-1349.2025.11.017

Abstract：Objective: To observe the efficacy of pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) combined with linear ablation in the treatment of persistent atrial fibrillation and its effect on serum inflammatory factors. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 100 patients with persistent atrial fibrillation who were treated at Liangzhou Hospital, Wuwei City, from May 2020 to May 2022. The patients were divided into two groups according to the treatment method: the PVI treatment group (control group) and the PVI combined with linear ablation treatment group (observation group), with 50 cases in each group. The surgical conditions, ablation success rate, pre- and postoperative cardiac function indicators [left atrial diameter (LAD), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)], serum inflammatory factors [C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8)], quality of life scale (SF-36) scores, 6-minute walk distance, and follow-up results were compared between the two groups. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in X-ray exposure time between the two groups (P > 0.05). The operation time and ablation time of the observation group were longer than those of the control group, and the ablation success rate was higher in the observation group (P < 0.05). After 6 months of surgery, LAD, LVEDD, and LVESD decreased in both groups, while LVEF increased significantly (P < 0.05). Moreover, LAD, LVEDD, and LVESD in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and LVEF was higher (P < 0.05). One month after surgery, CRP, IL-6, and IL-8 levels increased significantly in both groups (P < 0.05), but the levels of CRP, IL-6, and IL-8 in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). After 6 months, SF-36 scores and 6-minute walk distances improved significantly in both groups (P < 0.05), and the SF-36 scores and 6-minute walk distances in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The prognosis of the two groups showed a statistically significant difference (χ² = 4.762, P = 0.029). Conclusion: PVI combined with linear ablation has a significant therapeutic effect on persistent atrial fibrillation, can significantly improve the ablation success rate, improve cardiac function, inhibit inflammatory response, and reduce the risk of complications, recurrence, and readmission.