Correlation between the Expression of Serum BAG3 and Nogo-B with Cardiovascular Function and Prognosis in Patients with H-type Hypertension

ZHAO Yinping; YANG Jing; HUANG Sude; HUANG Qunying

doi:10.12102/j.issn.1672-1349.2025.10.016

Abstract：Objective: To analyze the correlation between serum BAG3 and Nogo-B expression and cardiovascular function and prognosis in patients with H-type hypertension. Methods: From June 2020 to June 2022, patients with hypertension were divided into H-type hypertension group (60 cases) and non-H-type hypertension group (45 cases) based on homocysteine (Hcy) levels. Then, H-type hypertension patients were further divided into good prognosis group (37 cases) and poor prognosis group (23 cases). A total of 60 healthy individuals who underwent physical examination during the same period were selected as the control group. General information of the study subjects was collected, and cardiovascular function-related indicators [left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), end-diastolic interventricular septal thickness (IVST), left ventricular posterior wall thickness (PWT), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), peak early diastolic flow velocity/peak late diastolic flow velocity of the mitral valve (E/A), left ventricular mass index (LVMI)] were measured. Serum BAG3 and Nogo-B levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Pearson correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between BAG3 and Nogo-B expression and their relationship with cardiovascular function indicators. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the predictive value of serum BAG3 and Nogo-B levels for poor prognosis in H-type hypertension patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for poor prognosis in H-type hypertension patients. Results: Compared with the control group, the non-H-type hypertension group and H-type hypertension group showed decreased LVEF and E/A, and increased Hcy, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, IVST, PWT, LVEDD, LVMI, BAG3, and Nogo-B. Compared with the non-H-type hypertension group, the H-type hypertension group showed decreased E/A, and increased Hcy, LVMI, BAG3, and Nogo-B, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). Pearson analysis showed that serum BAG3 levels in the H-type hypertension group were positively correlated with systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, IVST, PWT, LVEDD, and LVMI (P < 0.05), and negatively correlated with LVEF and E/A (P < 0.05). Similarly, serum Nogo-B levels were positively correlated with systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, IVST, PWT, LVEDD, and LVMI, and negatively correlated with LVEF and E/A (P < 0.05). Serum BAG3 and Nogo-B levels were also positively correlated in the H-type hypertension group (P < 0.05). Compared with the good prognosis group, the poor prognosis group showed significantly higher serum BAG3 and Nogo-B levels (P < 0.001). The area under the curve (AUC) for serum BAG3, Nogo-B, and combined diagnosis in predicting poor prognosis in H-type hypertension patients were 0.847, 0.797, and 0.929, respectively, with combined diagnosis being superior to individual diagnosis (ZBAG3 = 1.998, ZNogo-B = 1.976, P < 0.05). Hcy, BAG3, and Nogo-B were all independent risk factors for poor prognosis in H-type hypertension patients. Conclusion: High expression of serum BAG3 and Nogo-B is observed in patients with H-type hypertension, and both are independent risk factors for poor prognosis, showing certain diagnostic value.