Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes in Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction

WU Ruifei; CHEN Zhenjie; ZHOU Jingwei

doi:10.12102/j.issn.1672-1349.2025.06.013

Abstract：Objective: To analyze the characteristics of TCM syndrome in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD), and to compare them with those of T2DM patients without LVDD. Methods: A retrospective survey was conducted, collecting data from 181 T2DM patients admitted to the Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Dongzhimen Hospital, between January 2022 and February 2023, who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. These patients were divided into two groups: the LVDD group (n=67) and the non-LVDD group (n=114). Data on demographic information, comorbidities, and TCM syndrome features were collected and analyzed statistically. Results: The age of the LVDD group was significantly higher than that of the NLVDD group (P<0.05). The proportion of patients with hypertension and elevated creatinine was significantly higher in the LVDD group compared to the NLVDD group (P<0.001). In the NLVDD group, common deficiency syndromes included yin deficiency (71.05%), followed by qi deficiency (63.16%), blood deficiency (50.00%), and yang deficiency (18.42%). Common excess syndromes included heat excess (57.89%), followed by water-dampness (51.75%), blood stasis (47.37%), phlegm-dampness (23.68%), and qi stagnation (7.02%). In the LVDD group, common deficiency syndromes included qi deficiency (79.10%), followed by yin deficiency (65.67%), blood deficiency (64.18%), and yang deficiency (22.39%). Common excess syndromes included water-dampness (71.64%), followed by heat excess (49.25%), phlegm-dampness (40.30%), blood stasis (32.84%), and qi stagnation (14.93%). The proportions of qi deficiency, phlegm-dampness, and water-dampness were significantly higher in the LVDD group compared to the NLVDD group (P<0.05). Age, history of hypertension, and serum creatinine were positively correlated with diastolic dysfunction (P<0.001). Blood stasis, phlegm-dampness, and water-dampness were independent risk factors for left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in T2DM patients. Conclusion: Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in T2DM patients is associated with age, hypertension, and elevated serum creatinine. Moreover, blood stasis, phlegm-dampness, and water-dampness are risk factors for the development of diastolic dysfunction.