Relationship between ApoE Gene Polymorphism,Glycolipid Metabolism and Coronary Heart Disease Susceptibility in the Elderly

WU Xia; ZHANG Li; YANG Juan

doi:10.12102/j.issn.1672-1349.2025.01.019

Abstract：Objective: To investigate the distribution of apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene in the elderly population and the correlation between ApoE gene polymorphism and glycolipid metabolism levels and coronary heart disease, as well as to analyze the susceptibility factors for coronary heart disease in elderly patients. Methods: A total of 169 elderly patients hospitalized in our hospital's general ward from January 2020 to March 2023 were selected as the study subjects. Among them, 73 patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease were included in the observation group, and 96 patients without coronary heart disease were included in the control group. All study subjects underwent ApoE gene polymorphism testing and related laboratory tests for glycolipid metabolism levels. The distribution of ApoE gene in the elderly population was analyzed, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the susceptibility factors for coronary heart disease. Results: There were statistically significant differences in the frequencies of E3/E3, E3/E4 genotypes, and allele e4 between the two groups (P < 0.05). In the control group, patients carrying the e4 gene had significantly higher triglyceride (TG) levels compared to those carrying the e2 gene. In both the control and observation groups, patients carrying the e4 gene had significantly lower ApoE levels compared to those carrying the e2 gene (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the e4 allele (OR=1.124), glycated hemoglobin (OR=1.051), TG (OR=1.174), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR=0.697), and ApoE (OR=0.953) were independent risk factors for coronary heart disease in the elderly population (P < 0.05). Conclusion: ApoE gene polymorphism is an important genetic factor affecting glycolipid metabolism in the elderly population. Carriage of the ApoEe4 allele increases the risk of glycolipid metabolic abnormalities and is a susceptibility factor for coronary heart disease in the elderly population.