Analysis of the Incidence and Risk Factors of Hypertension in Children and Adolescents in Central Jiangsu Province

XU Zhenxing; CHEN Xiao; WU Weijun; LEI Hao; MA Ji; LYU Xiang

doi:10.12102/j.issn.1672-1349.2023.24.003

Abstract：Objective:To investigate risks of hypertension in children and adolescents in Central Jiangsu Province.Methods:The overall random sampling method was adopted to select three elementary school and junior high schools in Central Jiangsu Province,and body height,waist circumference,weight,blood pressure and other measurements were collected.Blood pressure measurements were performed to diagnose hypertension with reference of the Chinese Blood Pressure Reference Criteria for Boys and Girls Aged 3 to 17 Years by Age Group and Height Group.The criteria for overweight and obesity was diagnosed by the Classification Standard for Overweight and Obesity Screening Body Mass Index Values for School-Age Children and Youth in China.Results:A total of 1 625 subjects were investigated,including 748 girls and 877 boys,aged from 8 to 15 years.The prevalence of hypertension was 12.4%,with a prevalence of 12.0%in girls and 12.7%in boys.There were 206(12.7%)overweight and 68(4.2%)obese individuals.The prevalence of hypertension in normal weight children and adolescents was 9.4%,that in overweight children and adolescents was 23.8%,and in obese children and adolescents was 36.8%.The prevalence of non-abdominal obesity and abdominal obesity in normal weight group were 7.7%and 13.7%respectively.The results of multifactorial analysis showed that age(OR=2.575),abdominal obesity(OR=2.690),overweight(OR=1.683),and obesity(OR=2.336)were the risk factors for hypertension in children and adolescents.The prevalence of hypertension in normal weight children and adolescents with abdominal obesity was 2.481 times higher than that of non-abdominal obesity.Conclusion:The prevalence of hypertension in children and adolescents was high in Central Jiangsu Province.Age,abdominal obesity,and body mass index were the factors affecting hypertension in children and adolescents,and abdominal obesity,overweight,and obesity were the independent risk factors for hypertension in children and adolescents.