Research Progress on the Treatment of Airway Inflammation with Shegan and Active Ingredients

CHANG Kexin; WANG Tianqing

doi:10.26950/j.issn.2097-5031.2026.01.014

Abstract：Inflammatory diseases of the airway,such as asthma,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,bronchitis,etc.,are characterized by chronic inflammation,oxidative stress,and immune imbalance.There are many risks of adverse reactions associated with long-term use of Western medicine.As a traditional Chinese medicine,Shegan has the effects of clearing heat and detoxifying,reducing qi and phlegm,dispelling wind and promoting lung function.It is in line with the pathological pathogenesis of airway inflammation,and its active ingredients can intervene in the pathological process of airway inflammation through a multi-target mechanism.A systematic review was conducted on the anti-inflammatory effects and mechanisms of the main components of Shegan,such as isoflavones,flavonoids,triterpenes,etc.Research has shown that components such as irisin,syringin,mangiferin,and quercetin in Shegan exert therapeutic effects through multiple targets and pathways,including inhibiting inflammatory responses,regulating immune response balance,antioxidant stress,anti ferroptosis,and antiviral effects.They also achieve multidimensional anti-inflammatory effects by synergistically regulating signaling networks such as mitogen activated protein kinase/nuclear factor kappa B,nuclear factor E2 related factor 2/glutathione peroxidase 4,helper T cells 17/regulatory T cells.However,its clinical translation still needs to address issues such as ingredient standardization,in vivo metabolic patterns,and dosage form optimization.In the future,it is necessary to combine organoid models and multi omics technologies to elucidate the synergistic mechanism between components,providing theoretical support for the development of innovative traditional Chinese medicine formulations targeting airway inflammation.