Clinical Efficacy Study of Different Therapeutic Approaches for Intermediate and High-risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes

LI Na; LIU Guangmei; CHEN Fang; GAO Zhihong; ZENG Chunmei

doi:10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2025.34.008

Abstract：Objective:To analyze the clinical efficacy of different treatment regimens for patients with intermediate and high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes(MDS).Method:47 MDS patients treated in Qingzhou People's Hospital from January 2018 to January 2024 were collected.Among them,26 patients received demethylating therapy(including 14 in the decitabine group and 12 in the azacitidine group),and 21 patients received supportive therapy in the control group.All patients were followed up for half a year,and the clinical efficacy after treatment was evaluated based on the degree of disease remission.The overall response rate(ORR)and the incidence of adverse reactions during the follow-up period were recorded.Result:The overall response rate of the demethylating therapy group was significantly higher than that of the control group,with statistically significant difference(P<0.05).In the study group,the response rates of patients treated with azacitidine and those treated with decitabine were similar.There was no statistically significant difference in the overall survival(OS)and the rate of transformation to acute myeloid leukemia(AML)during the follow-up period(P>0.05).For elderly patients,the incidence of adverse reactions in the azacitidine group was lower,with statistically significant difference(P<0.05).Conclusion:Demethylating drugs are significantly more effective than supportive treatment alone in the treatment of intermediate-and high-risk MDS patients,and they have good safety.For elderly patients with intermediate-and high-risk MDS who receive demethylating therapy,azacitidine is generally considered a more appropriate choice.