Analysis of Epidemiological Characteristics and Control Effectiveness of Tuberculosis in Xiangcheng District Zhangzhou City 2022-2023

LIU Wenshan; LIN Zhiwei

doi:10.13919/j.issn.2095-6274.ZHJY202412028

Abstract：Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis(TB)in the Xiangcheng District of Zhangzhou City and assess the overall effectiveness of its prevention and control measures.Methods A descriptive study design was employed to analyze TB epidemic data from January 2022 to December 2023 in the Xiangcheng District.Results During the study period,a total of 424 cases of active pulmonary tuberculosis were reported in Xiangcheng District,resulting in an incidence rate of 33.019 per 100,000 population.Cases were reported throughout the year,exhibiting certain fluctuations but no significant seasonal trends.The top three areas with the highest incidence of TB were Nankeng Street(89 cases,20.99％),Xiangkou Street(51 cases,12.03％),and Shiting Street(46 cases,10.85％).The majority of cases were concentrated in the age group of 25 to 75 years(359 cases,84.67％);321 cases(75.71％)were male,and 103 cases(24.29％)were female.The occupational distribution primarily included farmers,homemakers,and unemployed individuals(290 cases,68.40％).The overall consultation rate among patients was 1.55‰(1986/1,284,100),and the sputum examination rate was 87.47％(1737/1986),with a microbiological positivity rate of 15.31％and a smear-positive rate of 13.42％.The rates of microbiological positivity registration and smear-positive registration were 20.71 per 100,000 and 18.14 per 100,000,respectively.The rate of standardized management among patients was 93.40％(396/424),with a medication adherence rate of 91.98％(390/424)and an overall treatment success rate of 90.89％(379/417)for short-course directly observed therapy.The treatment success rates for retreatment patients and microbio-logically confirmed patients were 73.33％(11/15)and 83.14％(217/261),respectively.Conclusion In re-cent years,the prevention and control efforts for tuberculosis in Xiangcheng District have achieved certain results.However,there is still room for improvement in patient consultation rates,sputum microbiological positivity rates,smear-positive rates,and the treatment success rates for retreatment and microbiologically confirmed patients.Fu-ture efforts should focus on further implementing tuberculosis prevention and control strategies,enhancing health education,improving the standardized management level of healthcare institutions,and optimizing diagnostic and treatment processes to increase early diagnosis and cure rates for tuberculosis.