Expression of PLAGL2 and SNX5 in Endometrial Carcinoma and Their Relationship with Pathological Characteristics and Prognosis

WANG Juan; HUO Yanhua; LI Shuxian; WANG Lingling; NIU Xia

doi:10.3639/j.issn.2095-3097.2025.10.002

Abstract：Objective To explore the relationship between the expression of pleomorphic adenoma gene-like protein 2(PLAGL2)and sorting nexin 5(SNX5)in endometrial cancer tissues and the pathological characteristics and prognosis of patients.Methods A total of 126 patients with endometrial cancer who underwent surgery at Shanxi Children's Hospital from June 2020 to June 2022 were selected.The cancer tissues collected during the operations were set as the endometrial cancer group,and the adjacent tissues were set as the control group.The expression of PLAGL2 and SNX5 in the tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry.The relationship between the expression of PLAGL2 and SNX5 and the pathological characteristics of endometrial cancer was analyzed.The patients were followed up for 3 years,and the prognosis of patients with different expression levels of PLAGL2 and SNX5 was compared.Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of prognosis.Results In the endometrial cancer group,the positive expression rates of PLAGL2 and SNX5 were 76.98%(97/126)and 75.40%(95/126),respectively,which were significantly higher than those in the control group[7.14%(9/126)and 6.35%(8/126)](P<0.05).The positive expression rates of PLAGL2 and SNX5 in patients with FIGO stage Ⅲ,myometrial invasion depth≥1/2,lymph node metastasis,and low differentiation were higher than those in patients with FIGO stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ,myometrial invasion depth<1/2,no lymph node metastasis,and moderate or high differentiation(P<0.05).The 3-year overall survival rate of the 126 patients was 80.95%(102/126).Among them,the 3-year overall survival rates of patients with positive expression of PLAGL2 and SNX5 were 76.29%(74/97)and 76.84%(73/95),respectively,which were lower than those of patients with negative expression of PLAGL2 and SNX5[96.55%(28/29)and 93.55%(29/31),respectively](P<0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that FIGO stage Ⅲ,myometrial invasion depth≥1/2,lymph node metastasis,low differentiation,positive PLAGL2 expression,and positive SNX5 expression were independent risk factors for the prognosis of patients with endometrial cancer(P<0.05).Conclusion The expression of PLAGL2 and SNX5 is significantly upregulated in endometrial cancer tissues compared with adjacent tissues,and their upregulation is closely related to advanced FIGO stage,deep myometrial invasion,lymph node metastasis,low differentiation,and poor prognosis.