Analysis of the Virulence and Drug Resistance Genes of Staphylococcus aureus in Pulmonary Infections of Stroke Patients

CHEN Shan; YANG Liu; ZHAN Lan; LIU Lu; WANG Meng

doi:10.3639/i.issn.2095-3097.2024.10.020

Abstract：Objective To analyze the virulence characteristics and drug resistance genes of Staphylococcus aureus in pulmonary infections of stroke patients,providing a reference for clinical prevention and treatment.Methods A retrospective study was carried out on 98 stroke patients with pulmonary infections who were diagnosed and treated in Caidian District People's Hospital,Wuhan,from June 2021 to June 2024.The species of pathogenic bacteria in the patients'pulmonary infections were analyzed,and Staphylococcus aureus was isolated.Polymerase chain reaction(PCR)analysis was used to detect drug resistance genes and virulence genes in the isolated Staphylococcus aureus.Results Among the 98 patients,there were 59 males and 39 females,aged 55 to 86 years,with an average age of(71.54±6.53)years.A total of 112 pathogenic bacteria were isolated from 98 sputum samples.Among them,86 cases(87.76％)had 1 pathogen,10 cases(10.20％)had 2 pathogens,and 2 cases(2.04％)had 3 pathogens.Sixteen strains of Staphylococcus aureus were detected,accounting for 14.29％.Staphylococcus aureus had relatively high resistance rates to gentamicin,tetracycline,ciprofloxacin,levofloxacin,oxacillin,and clindamycin,all of which were higher than 35％,while the resistance rates to amikacin and compound sulfonamide were relatively low.The drug resistance genes with the highest detection rates among the 16 strains of Staphylococcus aureus were mec(37.50％),fem(31.25％),SCCmec(25.00％),and mecA(6.25％).Among the 16 strains,10 adhesion toxins,6 cytotoxins,4 invasive enzymes,8 exotoxins,2 capsular antigens,and 8 superantigens were detected.Among them,isdA,isdB,isdC,hla,hlg2,and set11 had the highest detection rates.Conclusion The drug resistance problem of Staphylococcus aureus in pulmonary infections of stroke patients is relatively serious,with high resistance to commonly used antibiotics such as gentamicin,tetracycline,and ciprofloxacin,and a high detection rate of multiple virulence genes.