Study on Bleeding Pattern and Non-contraceptive Benefits of Etonogestrel Implants in Healthy Population and Population with Endometriosis Diseases

YIN Tingting; XU Lili; SHEN Ye

doi:10.3639/i.issn.2095-3097.2024.10.013

Abstract：Objective To investigate the effects and adverse reactions of etonogestrel implants in healthy women and women with myoadenosis and endometriosis.Methods A total of 60 women of childbearing age who received etonogestrel implants for normal contraception at Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital from December 2019 to April 2023 were randomly selected as the normal group.Another 60 women of childbearing age who received etonogestrel implants for contraception combined with endometriosis or myoadenosis were selected as the control group.The implant site,contraceptive effectiveness,menstrual status,dysmenorrhea relief,uterine size,and adverse reactions after subcutaneous implantation were followed up at 3,6,and 12 months.Results(1)No unplanned pregnancies occurred at 3,6,or 12 months after the operation.(2)The incidence of amenorrhea,sparse menstruation,and reduced menstrual volume in the postoperative normal group was higher than in the control group,with statistical differences observed at 3 and 6 months(P＜0.05),but no statistical difference between the two groups at 12 months after surgery(P＞0.05).(3)The preoperative uterine size in the control group was larger than in the normal group(P＜0.05).At 3,6,and 12 months after surgery,both uterine volume and endometrial thickness decreased in both groups.In the control group,differences compared with pre-treatment were statistically significant(P＜0.05),while in the normal group,there were no statistically significant differences(P＞0.05).No significant changes in ovarian cysts were observed between the two groups compared with before surgery(P＞0.05).(4)Dysmenorrhea relief showed statistical differences between the control group and the preoperative group at different time points(P＜0.05).In the normal group,only the 6-month and 12-month time points showed statistically significant differences compared to preoperative measures(P＜0.05).(5)Adverse reactions mainly included weight gain,acne,and breast tenderness.Conclusion Etonogestrel subcutaneous implants are highly effective for contraception and can significantly improve dysmenorrhea and heavy menstruation symptoms in women of childbearing age,especially in patients with myoadenosis and endometriosis.