Analysis of the epidemiological characteristics and host animal surveillance of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Qingzhou from 2015 to 2024

LIU Ailing; WU Qinfa; YUAN Senmei; HUO Xiyuan; LI Zeyuan; LIU Jianbo; CAO Xiaohua; LI Dongying; LIU Guojun

doi:10.19821/j.1671-2781.2026.01.027

Abstract：Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS)and the monitoring situation of host animals(rodents)in Qingzhou from 2015 to 2024,so as to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of HFRS in Qingzhou.Methods HFRS case data were collected through the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention,and analyzed using descriptive epidemiological methods.Host animals were monitored once in the middle of each month from 2015 to 2024,with monitoring sites covering urban residential areas,key industries,rural natural villages and the wild.The night trapping method was used to capture rodent.Data were entered and statistically analyzed using Excel 2016 and SPSS 17.0 software.The Chi-square test was used to compare rates,and Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between incidence and rodent density.Results From 2015 to 2024,a total of 253 HFRS cases were reported in Qingzhou,with an average annual incidence rate of 2.65/105.The incidence rate began to rise in 2015(5.23/105),reached a peak in 2016(5.61/105),and then decreased year by year,reaching the lowest value in 2023(0.62/105).The seasonal distribution showed a bimodal pattern,with the main peak occurring from March to May(accounting for 35.18％of the total cases)and the secondary peak in November(accounting for 10.67％of the total cases).The male-to-female ratio was 2.51:1(181 males and 72 females);the age distribution was mainly middle-aged and elderly,with 70.75％(179/253)being over 40 years old.The occupation distribution was mainly farmers,accounting for 78.26％(198/253).Miaozhi Town,Shaozhuang Town,Wangfu Street and Yunmenshan Street had the highest number of cases,with a total of 122 cases,accounting for 48.22％of the total cases in the city.The overall rodent density was 0.59％in Qingzhou,and there were significant differences in rodent density among different years(x2=78.893,P＜0.001),with the highest density in 2016(2.27％)and the lowest in 2020(0.29％).The incidence rate of HFRS in each year was positively correlated with rodent density(r=0.738,P＜0.001).Conclusion The HFRS epidemic in Qingzhou from 2015 to 2024 showed a trend of rising first and then falling.It is necessary to further improve and strengthen the monitoring of host animals and continue to carry out comprehensive prevention and control measures centered on scientific rodent control.