Acute Phase Pulmonary Interstitial Changes After Onset of Neurological Diseases

doi:10.3639/j.issn.1671-2897.2025.03.020

Abstract：Objective To study the pulmonary interstitial changes after the onset of neurological diseases, to provide references for exploring the pathogenesis of neurogenic acute pulmonary edema and to provide evidence for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods A total of 143 patients with neurological diseases admitted to the 983 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force were selected as the research subjects. The relationship between pulmonary interstitial CT imaging changes in the acute phase after the onset of neurological diseases and various blood test and physiological indicators was analyzed. Results The pulmonary interstitial manifestations on chest CT in the acute phase after the onset of neurological diseases gradually worsened from no abnormalities to interstitial changes and then to interstitial exudative changes. According to the condition of the pulmonary interstitium, the 143 patients were divided into three groups: 20 patients in the group with no pulmonary interstitial abnormalities, 54 patients in the group with interstitial changes, and 69 patients in the group with interstitial exudative changes. With the changes in the pulmonary interstitial conditions, the white blood cell count in the blood routine showed an increasing trend (P=0.001), the serum albumin concentration showed a decreasing trend (P=0.006), and the corresponding physiological indicators, such as heart rate, gradually increased (P=0.035) and respiratory rate gradually increased (P=0.018). Conclusion The changes in the pulmonary interstitial conditions after the onset of neurological diseases are related to the white blood cells mediating the inflammatory response and the serum albumin concentration affecting the colloid osmotic pressure. At the same time, there are corresponding changes in the physiological indicators, such as increased heart rate and respiratory rate. Therefore, it can be considered that the occurrence and development of neurogenic pulmonary edema are related to the inflammatory response mediated by white blood cells and changes in the level of blood colloid osmotic pressure. Early intervention targeting these factors is of great significance for the prognosis of patients.