Serum MBP,carcinoembryonic antigen and prognostic nutritional index and their relationship with malignancy degree and postoperative recurrence in patients with glioma

SUN Yuting; GUO Hua; SU Jianlong; ZHEN Wenjian; HAO Jinmin

doi:10.3639/j.issn.1671-2897.2025.03.016

Abstract：Objective To investigate the correlation between serum myelin basic protein(MBP),carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA)and prognostic nutritional index(PNI)and the tumor malignancy degree and postoperative recurrence in patients with glioma.Methods 126 patients with glioma who received surgical treatment in our hospital from July 2019 to July 2023 were selected.According to the postoperative pathological WHO central nervous system tumor grading,they were divided into low-grade group(gradesⅠandⅡ)and high-grade group(grades Ⅲ and Ⅳ).At 1 year of follow-up after surgery,the patients were classified into recurrence group and non-recurrence group based on the recurrence status.The differences in clinical data and serum MBP,CEA and PNI levels were compared between groups.Spearman correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between the above indicators and WHO grading.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was applied to analyze its predictive value on recurrence at 1 year after glioma surgery.Binary logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of postoperative recurrence of glioma.Results Postoperative pathological results showed that there were 45 cases(35.71%)of low-grade group and 81 cases(64.29%)of high-grade group among these 126 patients with glioma.The difference between the proportion of patients over 60 years old,serum MBP,CEA and the PNI in the two groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).Serum levels of MBP and CEA in patients with glioma were positively correlated with WHO grading(P<0.05),and PNI was negatively correlated with WHO grading(P<0.05).After glioma surgery,56 cases(44.44%)recurred within 1 year.Compared with non-recurrence group,the proportions of patients with age>60 years old and tumor diameter>5 cm,serum MBP and CEA in recurrence group increased(P<0.05)while their PNI was reduced(P<0.05).The AUCs of serum MBP,CEA and PNI in predicting the recurrence at 1 year after glioma surgery were 0.819,0.868 and 0.749 respectively,and the AUC of combined prediction was 0.892(P<0.05).Age,tumor diameter,serum MBP,CEA and PNI were risk factors for recurrence at 1 year after glioma surgery(P<0.05).Conclusions Serum MBP,CEA and PNI are closely associated with the malignancy degree and postoperative recurrence of gliomas.The combined use of these three indicators for predicting 1-year postoperative recurrence demonstrates superior efficacy compared to any single indicator alone.This approach can be applied in clinical settings to assist the assessing of the risk of glioma recurrence,providing valuable references for optimizing treatment strategies.