Correlation of adipokine progranulin and resistin with inflammatory markers and nutritional indicators in elderly patients with chronic heart failure complicated with frailty and their diagnostic value

Gao Lina; Wu Di

doi:10.3760/j.issn.1673-4777.2026.06.005

Abstract：Objective To explore the correlation of serum adipokine progranulin(PGRN)and resistin with inflammatory markers and nutritional indicators in elderly chronic heart failure(ECHF)patients complicated with frailty,and to analyze their diagnostic value.Methods A total of 203 ECHF patients admitted to The Second Hospital of Heilongjiang Province from March 2022 to June 2025 were enrolled as the ECHF group,and 184 age-and gender-matched community residents were selected as the control group.Levels of PGRN and resistin were detected.ECHF patients were further divided into frailty subgroup and non-frailty subgroup according to the complication of frailty.Serum levels of PGRN,resistin and inflammatory markers including interleukin-1 β(IL-1 β),IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)were detected,and nutritional risk screening 2002(NRS 2002)score in the ECHF patients was calculated.Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlations of serum PGRN and resistin with inflammatory markers and nutritional indicators in ECHF patients complicated with frailty.The influencing factors of frailty in ECHF patients and the diagnostic value of serum PGRN and resistin were analyzed.Results Compared with the control group,serum levels of PGRN and resistin in the ECHF group were increased[(66±17)μg/L vs(44±9)μg/L,(8.1±2.7)μg/L vs(4.2±1.4)μg/L](all P＜0.001).Serum PGRN and resistin were positively correlated with IL-1 β,IL-6,TNF-α and NRS 2002 score in ECHF patients complicated with frailty(all P＜0.001).Advanced age(odds ratio=1.128,P=0.001),prolonged course of heart failure(odds ratio=1.302,P=0.009),New York Heart Association functional class Ⅳ(odds ratio=4.104,P=0.037),elevated PGRN(odds ratio=1.111,P＜0.001)and elevated resistin(odds ratio=1.775,P＜0.001)were independent risk factors for frailty in ECHF patients.The area under the curve of PGRN alone,resistin alone,and their combination for diagnosing frailty in ECHF patients was 0.794,0.807 and 0.898 respectively,and the combined diagnosis showed the optimal efficacy(all P＜0.05).Conclusion The elevated serum levels of PGRN and resistin in ECHF patients complicated with frailty are related to enhanced inflammatory response and malnutrition.The combined detection of serum PGRN and resistin has high diagnostic value for frailty complicated with ECHF.