Clinical effect analysis of immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with chemotherapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma

Wang Jia; Li Dong; Li Zhihu

doi:10.3760/j.issn.1673-4777.2026.05.013

Abstract：Objective To observe the clinical effect of immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with chemotherapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma.Methods The medical records of 729 patients with advanced gastric cancer and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma admitted to Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital from January 2021 to January 2025 were collected and retrospectively analyzed.According to different treatment regimens,they were divided into control group(361 cases,received conventional chemotherapy)and observation group(368 cases,received immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with chemo-therapy on the basis of control group).All patients were treated continuously for 3 months.The clinical efficacy,levels of tumor markers,immune function indexes and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results The overall response rate and disease control rate[67.9％(250/368)vs 47.6％(172/361)]in the observation group were better than those in the control group(both P＜0.001).After treatment,the levels of carcinoembryonic antigen,carbohydrate antigen 72-4,carbohydrate antigen 199 and CD8+in both groups were lower than those before treatment,and those in the observation group were lower than those in the control group;the levels of CD4+and CD4+/CD8+ratio in both groups were higher than those before treatment,and those in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(all P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in the incidence rates of grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ and Ⅲ-Ⅳ adverse reactions between the two groups(both P＞0.05).Conclusions For patients with advanced gastric cancer and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma,the application of immune checkpoint inhibitors on the basis of chemotherapy has better clinical efficacy,which can improve the disease control rate,reduce the levels of tumor markers,thereby improving the body's immune function with mild adverse reactions.