Transformation of polycythemia vera to acute myeloid leukemia:a case report and literature review
Chai Guojing
Zhao Haili
Nan Yingbo
Wang Na
Tie Yanqing
Abstract：Polycythemia vera(PV)is a malignant clonal myeloproliferative neoplasm of pluripotent hema-topoietic stem cells.It is characterized by a marked increase in red blood cells and elevated hemoglobin levels.The disease may progress to myelofibrosis in the late stage,and very few patients develop transformation to acute myeloid leukemia.Transformation of PV to acute promyelocytic leukemia(M3 type)has been reported,while transformation of PV to acute megakaryoblastic leukemia is rare.Here,we report a case of PV transformed into acute megakaryoblastic leukemia,and review the relevant literature to summarize the factors including the types,interval,medication history,routine blood parameters at leukemic transformation,age and other features of PV transformation to acute myeloid leukemia,aiming to better understand the influencing factors of leukemic transformation from PV to acute myeloid leukemia.The analysis showed that the median time to leukemic transformation in the long-term medication group was longer than that in the short-term medication group[104.0(84.2,129.0)months vs 54.0(48.5,78.0)months],with a statistically significant difference between the two groups(Z=-2.006,P=0.045).Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis indicated no statistically significant difference in leukemia-free survival between the two groups(Log-rank x2=1.598,P=0.206).There was a strong positive correlation between platelet count and time to leukemic transformation(r=0.698,P=0.008),and a positive correlation between age and time to leukemic transformation(r=0.554,P=0.049).
Keywords：Polycythemia veraAcute myeloid leukemiaHydroxyurea
Publication Date：2026-04-18
Online Publishing Date：2026-09-14(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：4( 590-593 )