Clinical application progress of inferior vena cava diameter and variability in fluid management of heart failure
Wu Lei
Han Hongya
Liu Xiaoli
Liang Ying
Abstract：Heart failure is a syndrome caused by abnormalities in cardiac structure or function,leading to decreased cardiac output or elevated intracardiac pressure,with fluid retention as one of its core pathological mechanisms.Accurate assessment of volume status is crucial for alleviating patient symptoms and reducing the risk of readmission.Traditional volume assessment methods,such as physical examination,natriuretic peptide testing,and right heart catheterization,have limitations.This includes in accuracies invasiveness,or high operational costs.The inferior vena cava(IVC)is the largest-diameter venous system in the human body,and its morphological and dynamic changes can reflect the body's hemodynamic status.In recent years,ultrasound-based measurement of IVC diameter and calculation of IVC variability have provided a non-invasive tool for assessing intravascular volume status and guiding fluid management.With the standardization of assessment protocols and technological advance-ments,the clinical value of IVC parameters in individualized fluid management for patients with heart failure has become increasingly prominent.
Keywords：Heart failureFluid managementVolume assessmentInferior vena cavaPoint-of-care ultrasound
Publication Date：2026-02-18
Online Publishing Date：2026-09-14(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：5( 284-288 )