Identification of clinical isolates of non-tuberculous mycobacteria and analysis of drug resistance

Li Qian; Wang Shibo; Zhang Xun; Gao Yanjun; Liang Huipeng

doi:10.3760/j.issn.1673-4777.2025.11.007

Abstract：Objective To investigate the species identification and drug resistance of non-tuberculous mycobacteria(NTM).Methods A total of 189 NTM isolates from 189 patients with NTM disease admitted to Hebei Chest Hospital from January 2021 to December 2023 were selected,and the species identification was carried out.The distribution of bacterial infection in patients with different genders and ages was analyzed,and the drug resistance of main NTM infected strains to common drugs was analyzed.Results Among the 189 NTM strains analyzed,the proportion of Mycobacterium intracellulare was the highest(52.9％),followed by Mycobacterium kansasii(22.2％),Mycobacterium abscessus(16.4％),Mycobacterium avium(5.3％),Mycobacterium gordonae(1.1％),Mycobacterium fortuitum(1.1％),Mycobacterium chelonae(0.5％)and Mycobacterium massiliense(0.5％).There were significant differences in the distribution of species in NTM patients with different genders and ages(both P＜0.001).The drug resistance rates of Mycobacterium intracellulare,Mycobacterium abscessus and Mycobacterium avium to isoniazid,rifampicin,ethambutol,streptomycin,kanamycin,capreomycin,p-aminosalicyl acid and ofloxacin were high,and the drug resistance rates of Mycobacterium kansasii to rifampicin and other drugs were low.Conclusions Mycobacterium intracellulare,Mycobacterium kansasii,Mycobacterium abscessus and Mycobacterium avium were common NTM strains in Hebei Chest Hospital.The distribution of NTM strains showed certain age and gender characteristics,and there were some differences in drug resistance among different NTM strains.It is necessary to strengthen the analysis of species distribution and drug resistance to guide clinical medication.